Nā Pharmacokinetics a me nā Pharmacodynamics: he aha ia a he aha nā ʻokoʻa

Anter

• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau
• 1. Hoʻohui
• 2. Hoʻolahalaha
• 3. Metabolism
• 4. Kaʻi aku
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau
• 1. Kahi o ka hana
• 2. Ka hana o ka hana
• 3. hopena Therapeutic

ʻO nā pharmacokinetics a me nā pharmacodynamics he mau manaʻo ʻokoʻa, e pili ana i ka hana o nā lāʻau i ka meaola a me ka hope.

ʻO ka Pharmacokinetics ke aʻo ʻana o ke ala e lawe ai ka lāʻau i loko o ke kino no ka mea i ʻai ʻia a hiki i ka wā e excreted ai, ʻoiai ʻo ka pharmodnamnamics kahi o ke aʻo ʻana i ka launa pū ʻana o kēia lāʻau me ka pūnaewele paʻa, e kū ana i kēia ala.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ke aʻo ʻana i ke ala a ka lāʻau e lawe ai mai ka manawa e lawelawe ʻia ai a hiki i ka wā e hoʻopau ʻia ai, e hele ana i ka lawe ʻana, ka hāʻawi, ka metabolism a me nā kaʻina excretion. I kēia ala, e loaʻa ka lāʻau i kahi pūnaewele pili.

1. Hoʻohui

ʻO ka absorption kahi o ka hele ʻana o ka lāʻau mai kahi i lawelawe ʻia ai, i ke kahe o ke koko. Hiki ke hana kūpilikiʻi i loko o ke keʻena, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea i lawe ʻia i ka lāʻau ma o ka waha, sublingual a pololei paha, a i ʻole parenterally, ʻo ia hoʻi ka lawelawe ʻana o ka lāʻau i intravenously, subcutaneously, intradermally or intramuscularly.

2. Hoʻolahalaha

Aia ka mahele i ke ala a ka lāʻau i lawe ai ma hope o ka hele ʻana i ka pale o ka epithelium ʻōpū i loko o ke kahe o ke koko, a he ʻano manuahi paha ia, a i ʻole hoʻopili ʻia me nā protein plasma, a laila hiki i nā wahi he nui:

• Kahi o ka hana therapeutic, kahi e hana ai i ka hopena i manaʻo ʻia;
• Nā waihona wai kele, kahi e hōʻiliʻili ʻia ai me ka ʻole o ka hopena o ka hopena therapeutic;
• Kahi hana i manaʻo ʻole ʻia, kahi e hana ai ʻoe i kahi hana i makemake ʻole ʻia, e hopena ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao;
• Kahi e hoʻopili ai lākou i metabolism, kahi e hoʻonui ai i kā lākou hana a i ʻole inactivated;
• Nā wahi a lākou e kipaku ʻia aku ai.

Ke hoʻopaʻa ka lāʻau i nā protein plasma, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia keʻaʻa i ka pale e hiki i kaʻiʻo a hana i kahi hana therapeutic, no laila ʻo kahi lāʻau i loaʻa kahi pilina kiʻekiʻe no kēia mau proteins e liʻiliʻi ka hāʻawi a me ka metabolism. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manawa i lilo i ke kino, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka mea hana a hiki i ke kahua o ka hana a hoʻopau ʻia.

3. Metabolism

Hana ʻia ka metabolism ma ke akepaʻa, a hiki i kēia ke hana:

• Hoʻoulu i kahi mea, ʻo ka mea maʻamau;
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka excretion, e hana ana i nā polar hou aʻe a me nā metabolites hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai i mea e hoʻopau maʻalahi ʻia ai;
• Hoʻoulu i nā hui hana ʻole i hana mua ʻia, e loli ana i kā lākou profile pharmacokinetic a hana i nā metabolite hana.

Hiki ke hōʻemi pinepine ka lāʻau ʻana i ka lāʻau i loko o nā māmā, nā puʻupaʻa a me nā gland adrenal.

4. Kaʻi aku

Hoʻopau ʻia ka Excretion o ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka hui ma o nā hanana like ʻole, ka hapanui i ka puʻupaʻa, kahi e hoʻopau ʻia ai ka hoʻopau ma o ka mimi. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia nā metabolites ma o nā hanana ʻē aʻe e like me ka ʻōpū, ma o nā feces, ka lung inā he palupalu lākou, a me ka ʻili ma o ka hou, waiū umauma a waimaka paha.

Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻopilikia i nā pharmacokinetics e like me ka makahiki, ka moekolohe, ke kaumaha o ke kino, nā maʻi a me nā hana pono ʻole o kekahi mau ʻoka a i ʻole nā ​​maʻamau e like me ka puhipaka ʻana a me ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona, no ka laʻana.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ke aʻo ʻana i ka launa pū ʻana o nā lāʻau me kā lākou mau pane, kahi e hoʻohana ai i kā lākou ʻano hana, e hana ana i kahi hopena therapeutic.

1. Kahi o ka hana

ʻO nā pūnaewele kahi nā wahi kahi o nā mea endogenous, nā mea i hana ʻia e ka meaola, a i ʻole exogenous, ʻo ia ka hihia o nā lāʻau, e launa pū e hana i kahi pane lāʻau. ʻO nā pahuhopu nui no ka hana o nā mea hana nā mea loaʻa kahi e maʻa mau ai ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea endogenous, nā kahawai ion, nā halihali, nā ʻākena a me nā protein i kūkulu ʻia.

2. Ka hana o ka hana

ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana ka pilina kemika a kahi mea i hāʻawi ʻia i loaʻa me ka mea loaʻa, e hana ana i kahi pane therapeutic.

3. hopena Therapeutic

ʻO ka hopena therapeutic ka hopena maikaʻi a makemake ʻia i loaʻa i ka lāʻau i ke kino ke lawelawe ʻia.