Enterovirus: nā ʻōuli, ka mālama ʻana a pehea e hana ʻia ai ka hōʻailona

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui a me nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e enterovirus
• Nā pilikia o ka maʻi enterovirus i ka hāpai ʻana
• Pehea e mālama ai
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

Pili nā Enteroviruses i kahi genus o nā virus nāna ka mea nui o ke kope ʻana i ka wahi gastrointestinal, e hana ana i nā ʻōuli e like me ke kuni, ka luaʻi a me ka ʻāʻī ʻeha. Hoʻopili nui nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e enteroviruses a ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā keiki, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻōnaehana pale o nā mākua, pane maikaʻi i nā maʻi.

ʻO ka enterovirus nui ka poliovirus, ʻo ia ka maʻi e hoʻopōpō ai ka polio, a i kona hiki ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo, hiki ke hopena i ka lōlō o ka lālā a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka moto. ʻO ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ma o ka lawe ʻana i ka meaʻai a me / a i ʻole ka wai i hoʻohaumia ʻia e ka maʻi a i ʻole ke launa pū ʻana me nā poʻe a i ʻole nā ​​mea i haumia pū kekahi. No laila, ʻo ke ala ʻoi loa e pale aku ai i nā maʻi ma o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka lāʻau, i ka maʻi polio.

Nā hōʻailona nui a me nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e enterovirus

Aia ke alo a me / a i ʻole ʻole o nā ʻōuli e pili ana i ka maʻi enterovirus ma muli o ke ʻano o ka maʻi, kāna virulence a me ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kanaka. I ka hapanui o nā hihia o ka maʻi, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli a hoʻonā maʻamau ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hihia o nā keiki, ʻoiai ke hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻole ʻia o ka ʻōnaehana pale, hiki i nā ʻōuli e like me ka ʻeha poʻo, kuni, ka luaʻi, ʻāʻī ʻeha, ʻeha ʻeha a me nā puʻupuʻu ma loko o ka waha, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka maʻi. hoʻohui i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia.

Hiki i nā Enteroviruses ke hōʻea i kekahi mau ʻōpala, nā ʻōuli a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi e pili ana i ka mea i loli ʻia. No laila, ʻo nā maʻi nui i hoʻokumu ʻia e enteroviruses:

1. Polio: ʻO Polio, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ka maʻi palahalaha o ke keiki, ua hoʻokumu ʻia e poliovirus, kahi ʻano o ka enterovirus hiki ke hōʻea i ka ʻōnaehana a hoʻonāukiuki i ka palalme lālā, hoʻopilikia ka hoʻokele kaʻa, ka ʻeha pū a me ka atrophy musele;
2. ʻO ka maʻi lima-wāwae-waha: He maʻi lele loa kēia maʻi a hoʻomaka ʻia e ka ʻano enterovirus ʻO Coxsackieʻo ia ke kumu, me ke kuni, ka maʻi diarrhea a me ka luaʻi, ke ʻano o ka pehu ma nā lima a me nā wāwae a me nā ʻeha o ka waha;
3. Herpangina: Hiki ke kumu ʻia ʻo Herpangina e ka ʻano enterovirus ʻO Coxsackie a e ka maʻi virus ʻO Herpes simplex a ʻano e ke kū ʻana o ka ʻeha ma loko a ma waho o ka waha, a he ʻula a ʻāʻī hoʻi i ka ʻāʻī hoʻonāukiuki;
4. Meningitis Viral: Hana ʻia kēia ʻano meningitis ke hōʻea ka enterovirus i ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo a kumu i ka mumū o nā meninges, ʻo ia nā membrane e pili ana i ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoo, e alakaʻi ana i nā ʻōuli e like me ke kuni, ʻeha poʻo, ʻāʻī ʻoʻoleʻa a me ka ʻike nui i ka mālamalama;
5. Encephalitis: I loko o ka viral encephalitis, hoʻokomo ka enterovirus i ka mumū ma ka lolo, a pono e mālama koke ʻia i mea e hōʻalo ai i nā pilikia e hiki ai, e like me ka palapū ʻana o nā mākala, nā loli ʻike a me nā paʻakikī e ʻōlelo a lohe paha;
6. Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis: I ke kumu o ka conjunctivitis viral, hiki i ka enterovirus ke hoʻopili pololei me ka uhi o ka maka, e hoʻoulu ana i nā maka a me ke kahe liʻiliʻi, e ʻulaʻula ai ka maka.

ʻO ka lawe ʻana o ka enterovirus ma o ka lawe ʻana a i ʻole ke hoʻopili ʻana me nā mea haumia, me ke ala fecal-oral ke ala nui o ka maʻi. Kū ka haumia ke ale ʻia ka enterovirus, ʻo ka tract digestive ke kahua nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana o kēia maʻi, no laila ka inoa enterovirus.

Ma waho aʻe o ka lawe ʻana o ka fecal-oral, hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi ma o nā droplets i hoʻopuehu ʻia i ka lewa, ʻoiai hiki i ka enterovirus ke hana i nā liona i ka puʻu, akā ʻoi aku ka pinepine ʻole o kēia ʻano o ka lawe ʻana.

Nā pilikia o ka maʻi enterovirus i ka hāpai ʻana

ʻO ka maʻi me enterovirus i ka wā ʻōpū e hōʻike i kahi makaʻu no ka pēpē ke ʻike ʻole ʻia ka maʻi a hoʻomaka ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana i ka pēpē ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i ka pēpē ke launa pū me ka maʻi hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana a, ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ma muli o ka ulu iki ʻana o kāna ʻōnaehana pale, e hoʻomohala ana i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ke ʻano o ka sepsis, kahi e hiki ai ka maʻi i ke kahe o ke koko a pālahalaha maʻalahi ʻia i kekahi. kino.

No laila, hiki i ka enterovirus ke hōʻea i ke kikowaena ʻōnaehana, ke ake, ka pancreas a me ka puʻuwai a i loko o kekahi mau lā e kumu i ka nui o nā hemahema o nā pēpē o ka pēpē, a hiki i ka make. No laila, he mea nui e ʻike ʻia ka maʻi e enterovirus i ka hāpai hāpai ʻana me ka pahuhopu o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i ka pēpē a me ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana.

Pehea e mālama ai

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi enterovirus ka pahuhopu, i ka hapanui o nā hihia, e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe mālama kūikawā no ka nui o nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kēia ʻano virus. ʻO ka maʻa mau o nā maʻi o ka maʻi e nalo iā lākou iho ma hope o kekahi manawa, akā i ka hiki ʻana o ka enterovirus i ke kahe o ke koko a i ʻole ke kikowaena ʻōnaehana, hiki iā ia ke make, e koi ana i ka lāʻau e like me ke alakaʻi a ke kauka.

I ke kumu o ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana waena, e koi ʻia e ka kauka ka hoʻokau ʻana i immunoglobulin i ka aa, i hiki ai i ka meaola ke hakakā me ka maʻalahi. ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau e pale aku ai i ka maʻi ma enterovirus i ka pae hoʻāʻo, ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia a hoʻokuʻu ʻia no ka hoʻohana.

I kēia manawa, aia wale nō kahi lāʻau kūʻē e kūʻē i ka enterovirus kuleana no ka polio, ka poliovirus, a pono e lawelawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma 5 mau lā, ʻo ka mea mua ma 2 mau makahiki o ka makahiki. I ke ʻano o nā ʻano komo ʻē aʻe, he mea nui e lawe i nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe a loaʻa i nā kūlana hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi loa i mea e pale aku ai i ka wai i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻai ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​kumu ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ke ala nui o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o kēia mau virus he fecal- waha. E ʻike i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau polio.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

ʻO ka ʻike mua o ka maʻi e enterovirus i hana ʻia mai nā hōʻike maʻi i wehewehe ʻia e ka mea maʻi, e koi ana i nā hoʻokolohua hale hana e hōʻoia i ka maʻi. Hana ʻia ka diagnostical laboratory o ka maʻi e enterovirus e nā hoʻokolohua molekino, ʻo ka Polymerase Chain Reaction, i kapa ʻia ʻo PCR, kahi e ʻike ʻia ai ke ʻano o ka maʻi a me ke ʻano nui o ka meaola.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka virus ma o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kēia maʻi i nā pāpaho moʻomeheu kikoʻī i hiki ai ke hōʻoia i nā ʻano kope. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia virus mai kekahi mau mea olaola, e like me nā feces, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), ka huna ʻana o ka puʻu a me ke koko e pili ana i nā ʻōuli i wehewehe ʻia e ke kanaka. I nā feces, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka enterovirus a i 6 mau pule ma hope o ka maʻi a hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka puʻu ma waena o 3 a 7 mau lā mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi.

Noi ʻia paha nā hoʻokolohua kūlohelohe e nānā i ka pane o ka ʻōnaehana pale i ka maʻi, akā ʻaʻole hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia ʻano hōʻike e hōʻike i nā maʻi enterovirus.