ʻO ka maʻi Chagas: nā ʻōuli, ka pōʻaiapuni, ka lawe a me ka mālama ʻana

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• Ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi Chagas
• Pōʻaiapuni ola
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• Nā holomua o ka noiʻi

ʻO ka maʻi Chagas, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he trypanosomiasis ʻAmelika, he maʻi lele ia e ka parasite ʻO Trypanosoma cruzi (ʻO T. cruzi). ʻO kēia parasite maʻa mau ma ke ʻano he kikowaena waena kahi pepeke i kaulana kaulana ʻia ma ke ʻano he barber a ʻo ia, i ka wā e nahu ai ke kanaka, defecates a i ʻole urinates, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka parasite. Ma hope o ka nahu, ʻo ka hana maʻamau a ke kanaka e wili i kahi, akā ʻae kēia i ka ʻO T. cruzi i ke kino a me ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi.

Maʻi kīnā me ʻO Trypanosoma cruzi hiki iā ia ke lawe i nā pilikia like ʻole i ke olakino o ke kanaka, e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai a me nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana digestive, no ka laʻana, ma muli o ka hoʻomau o ka maʻi.

Loaʻa i ka barber kahi hana nocturnal i ka pō a hānai wale i ke koko o nā holoholona vertebrate. ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia mea kolo i nā mānoanoa o nā hale lāʻau, nā moena, nā moena, nā waihona kālā, nā pūnana manu, nā kumu lāʻau, ma waena o nā wahi ʻē aʻe, a he punahele kāna no nā wahi kokoke i kāna kumu meaʻai.

Nā hōʻailona nui

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka maʻi Chagas i ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui, ka ʻāpiki a me ka pae mau. I ka mahele huila ʻaʻohe mau hōʻailona, ​​pili like ia i ka manawa e hoʻonui a pāhola nei ka parasite ma o ke kahe o ke koko ma o ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi poʻe, keu hoʻi i nā keiki ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻōnaehana pale, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻōuli, ʻo nā mea nui ke:

• ʻO ka hōʻailona ʻo Romaña, ʻo ia ka ʻōhū o nā lihilihi, e hōʻike ana ua komo ka parasite i loko o ke kino;
• ʻO Chagoma, i kūlike i ka pehu o kahi ʻili o ka ʻili a kuhikuhi i ke komo ʻana o ka ʻO T. cruzi i ke kino;
• Fiva;
• Malaise;
• Hoʻonui i nā lymph node;
• ʻEha poʻo poʻo;
• Nusea a me ka luaʻi;
• Pohā.

ʻO ka pae mau o ka maʻi ʻo Chagas e kūlike i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka parasite i loko o nā lālā, ʻo ka puʻuwai a me ka ʻōnaehana digestive, a ʻaʻole paha ia he kumu no nā makahiki. Ke ʻike ʻia, koʻikoʻi nā ʻōuli, a aia paha he puʻuwai hoʻonui ʻia, i kapa ʻia ʻo hypermegaly, maikaʻi ʻole o ka puʻuwai, megacolon a me megaesophagus, e laʻa me ka hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka ake a me ka ʻāpala.

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi Chagas ma waena o 7 a me 14 mau lā ma hope o ka maʻi ʻana e ka parasite, akā ke hiki mai ka maʻi ma o ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i loaʻa i ka maʻi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona ma hope o 3 a 22 mau lā ma hope o ka maʻi.

ʻO ke kuhi ʻana i ka maʻi o Chagas i hana ʻia e ke kauka e pili ana i ke kahua o ka maʻi, ka ʻike maʻi-epidemiological, e like me kahi e noho ai a kipa ai a e ʻai ai nā ʻano, a hōʻike i nā ʻōuli. Hana ʻia ka diagnostical laboratory e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻenehana e ʻae i ka ʻike o ka ʻO T. cruzi i loko o ke koko, me he kulu mānoanoa lā a me ka hamo koko i hoʻohaumia ʻia e Giemsa.

Ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi Chagas

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi Chagas e ka parasite ʻO Trypanosoma cruzi, nona ka hoʻokipa waena ka ʻoki ʻoki kolo. Kēia mea kolo, ke ʻai ʻo ia i ke koko, ka maʻa o ka defecating a me ka mimiki koke ma hope, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka parasite, a ke ʻimi ke kanaka, hiki i kēia parasite ke komo i ke kino a hiki i ke kahe o ke koko, ʻo kēia ke ʻano nui o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi.

ʻO kekahi ʻano o ka lawe ʻana ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i hoʻohaumia ʻia me ka barber a i ʻole kona excrement, e like me ka wai kō a açaí paha. Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi ma o ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko haumia, a i ʻole congenitally, ʻo ia hoʻi, mai ka makuahine a ke keiki i ka wā hāpai a hānau hānau paha.

ʻ ʻO Rhodnius prolixus he pōpilikia weliweli nō ia o ka maʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā wahi kokoke i ka wao nahele ʻo Amazon.

Pōʻaiapuni ola

Ke ola pōʻaiapuni o ka ʻO Trypanosoma cruzihoʻomaka ia i ka wā e komo ai ka parasite i ke kahe o ke kanaka a komo i nā hunaola, e loli ana i amastigote, ʻo ia ke kahua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o kēia parasite. Hiki i nā Amastigotes ke hoʻomau i ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā hunaola a hoʻonui, akā hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i trypomastigotes, luku i nā hunaola a lilo i kahe i loko o ke koko.

Hiki i kahi pōʻaiapuni hou ke hoʻomaka ke nahu ka barber i kahi kanaka maʻi a loaʻa i kēia parasite. Hoʻololi nā trypomastigotes i ka barber i epimastigotes, hoʻonui a hoʻi e lilo i trypomastigotes, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā feces o kēia ʻenekia.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi Chagas hiki ke hana mua ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau no ma kahi o 1 mahina, hiki ke hoʻōla i ka maʻi a pale aku paha i kāna mau pilikia a ʻoiai ka parasite i loko o ke koko o kēlā kanaka.

Akā ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi poʻe i ka hoʻōla o ka maʻi, no ka mea haʻalele ka parasite i ke koko a hoʻomaka e noho i nā kinona e hana i nā meaola a no kēlā kumu, lilo ia i mea hoʻouka kaua ʻoi loa ka puʻuwai a me nā ʻōnaehana i kahi ala lohi akā holomua. . E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi Chagas.

Nā holomua o ka noiʻi

I kahi noi i hala iho nei, ua ʻike ʻia he lāʻau ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e kaua i ka malaria i nā hopena ma ka ʻO Trypanosoma cruzi, ke pale nei i kēia parasite mai ka haʻalele ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana digestive o ka barber a me ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka poʻe. Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻaʻole i hoʻohaumia ʻia nā hua manu o nā wahine barber i hoʻopili ʻia me nā ʻO T. cruzi a ua hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻomoe i nā hua liʻiliʻi.

ʻOiai loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi, ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia kēia lāʻau no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi Chagas, no ka mea i mea e loaʻa ai kahi hopena, pono nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe loa, he mea ʻawahia ia no ka poʻe. No laila, keʻimi nei nā mea noiʻi i nā lāʻau me ka ʻano like a like ʻole o ka hana a i nā concentrations i haʻahaʻa i ka ʻawahia i ka meaola ka hopena like.