Demyelination: He aha ia a no ke aha e hana ai?

Anter

• Nā koʻo
• ʻO Myelin
• Nā kumu o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi
• Nā ʻōuli o ka demyelination
• Nā ʻōuli o ka demyelination
• Nā ʻōuli e pili pū me ka hopena o ka demyelination ma nā ʻalolo
• Nā ʻano demyelination
• Demyelination hoʻāla
• Demyelination Viral
• ʻO Demyelination a me nā sclerosis he nui
• Hoʻomaʻo a me ka hōʻailona
• ʻO Demyelination MRI
• Statins
• Nā maʻi āpau a me ka demyelination
• Lawe aku

He aha ka demyelination?

Hoʻouna a loaʻa nā leka mai nā ʻāpana āpau o kou kino a hoʻoponopono iā lākou i kou lolo. ʻAe lākou iā ʻoe e:

• ʻlelo
• ʻike
• manaʻo
• manaʻo

Pākuʻi ʻia nā ʻalalā he nui i ka myelin. ʻO Myelin kahi mea hoʻopili. Ke pau a ʻinoʻino paha ia, hiki i nā aʻalolo ke hōʻino, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka lolo a ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hōʻino i ka myelin e pili ana i nā aʻalolo i kapa ʻia he demyelination.

Nā koʻo

Hana ʻia nā aʻalolo e nā neurons. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Neurons o:

• he kino pūnaewele
• dendrites
• he axon

Hoʻouna nā axon i nā leka mai kekahi neuron a i kaʻe aʻe. Hoʻohui pū nā axons i nā neurons i nā hunaola ʻē aʻe, e like me nā hunaola mākala.

Pōkole loa kekahi mau axona, ʻoiai 3 mau kapuaʻi ka lōʻihi o kekahi. Uhi ʻia nā axons i ka myelin. Pale aku ʻo Myelin i nā koʻi lipi a kōkua i ka lawe ʻana i nā leka axon i ka hiki wawe.

ʻO Myelin

Hana ʻia ʻo Myelin i mau papa membrane e uhi ana i kahi axon. Ua like kēia me ka manaʻo o ka uea uila me ka uhi e pale ai i ka hao ma lalo.

ʻAe ʻo Myelin i kahi hōʻailona nerve e hele wikiwiki. I nā neurons unmyelinated, hiki i kahi hōʻailona ke huakaʻi ma nā aʻa ma kahi o 1 mika i kēlā me kēia kekona. I kahi neuron myelinated, hiki i ka hōʻailona ke holo 100 mau mika i kekona.

Hiki i kekahi ʻano olakino ke hōʻino i ka myelin. Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻo Demyelination i nā leka i hoʻouna ʻia ma nā axons a hoʻonā i ke axon e hōʻino. Aia i ka wahi o ka pōʻino, hiki i ka nalowale axon ke kumu o nā pilikia me:

• manaʻo
• neʻe ʻana
• ke ʻike nei
• ka hoʻolohe ʻana
• e noʻonoʻo pono ana

Nā kumu o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi

ʻO ka hoʻohaunaele ke kumu maʻamau o ka hōʻino ʻia o myelin. Nā kumu ʻē aʻe e:

• kekahi maʻi maʻi viral
• pilikia metabolic
• nalo o ka oxygen
• kaohi ʻana i ke kino

Nā ʻōuli o ka demyelination

Pale aku ʻo Demyelination i nā aʻalolo mai ka hiki ke alakaʻi i nā leka i a i ka lolo. Hiki i nā hopena o ka demyelination ke hana me ka wikiwiki. I ka maʻi ʻo Guillain-Barré (GBS), e hoʻouka wale ʻia paha ka myelin no kekahi mau hola ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōuli.

Nā ʻōuli o ka demyelination

ʻAʻole pili nā kānaka āpau i nā kūlana demyelinating i ke ala like. Eia nō naʻe, he mea maʻamau kekahi mau hōʻailona demyelinating.

Nā ʻōuli mua - ʻo ia kekahi o nā hōʻailona mua o ka demyelination - e hoʻopili pū me:

• nalo o ka hihiʻo
• nā pilikia o ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū
• ʻeha nerve ʻokoʻa
• luhi holoʻokoʻa

Nā ʻōuli e pili pū me ka hopena o ka demyelination ma nā ʻalolo

ʻO nā aʻalolo kahi ʻāpana nui o kāu mau hana i ke kino, no laila hiki i kahi ākea o nā ʻōuli ke hana ʻia i ka wā e hoʻopili ʻia ai nā aʻa e ka demyelination, e like me:

• ʻōlohelohe
• nalo o nā reflexes a me nā neʻe ʻole i hoʻohui ʻia
• ke kaomi koko maikaʻi ʻole
• ʻike hihi ʻole
• ʻūpā
• hoʻokūkū puʻuwai a palpitations paha
• pilikia pilikia hoʻomanaʻo
• ʻeha
• nalo o ka ʻōpū a me ka mana ʻōpū
• luhi

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ke hele a hele i nā wā mau, e like me ka sclerosis (MS) he nui, a me ka holomua i nā makahiki.

Nā ʻano demyelination

Aia kekahi mau ʻano demyelination. Hoʻopili kēia i ka demyelination inflammatory a me ka demyelination viral.

Demyelination hoʻāla

Hana ka demyelination hoʻonāukiuki ke hōʻeha ka ʻōnaehana pale kino i ka myelin. ʻO nā ʻano demyelination e like me MS, neuritis optic, a me ka encephalomyelitis ākea-hoʻolaha ʻia e kumu ʻia e ka mumū ma ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo.

Pili ka GBS i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā aʻa ākea ma nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Demyelination Viral

Hana ʻia ka demyelination virus me ka leukoencephalopathy multifocal holomua (PML). Hoʻokumu ʻia ka PML e ka maʻi virus JC. Hiki pū kekahi ka pohō Myelin me:

• ʻalekohola
• hōʻino ka ate
• uila kaulike ʻole

Hana ʻia ka demyelination Hypoxic-ischemic ma muli o ka maʻi vascular a i ʻole ka nele o ka oxygen i ka lolo.

ʻO Demyelination a me nā sclerosis he nui

ʻO MS ka kūlana demyelinating maʻamau. Wahi a ka National MS Society, pili iā 2.3 miliona mau kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

I MS, hiki i ka demyelination i ka mea keʻokeʻo o ka lolo a i ka iwi kuamoʻo.Hana ʻia nā leona a i ʻole nā ​​"plaque" kahi e hoʻouka ʻia ai ka myelin e ka ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO ka hapanui o kēia mau plake, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻaʻa ʻili, e hana ʻia ma loko o ka lolo i loko o nā makahiki.

ʻO nā ʻano o MS ka:

• maʻi maʻi kaʻawale clinically
• hoʻi hou ʻana iā MS
• ʻo MS holomua mua
• holomua MS

Hoʻomaʻo a me ka hōʻailona

ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no nā kūlana demyelinating, akā hiki ke ulu ka myelin hou i nā wahi o ka pōʻino. Eia naʻe, lahilahi pinepine ia a ʻaʻole maikaʻi. Ke nānā nei nā mea noiʻi i nā ala e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki i ke kino ke ulu i ka myelin hou.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mālama ʻana no nā kūlana demyelinating e hōʻemi i ka pane immune. Hoʻopili ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e like me interferon beta-1a a i ʻole glatiramer acetate.

ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka poʻe me nā pae vitamona D e hoʻomohala maʻalahi iā MS a i ʻole nā ​​hanana demyelinating. Hiki i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka wikamina D ke hoʻēmi i nā pane ʻōnaehana o ke ahi.

ʻO Demyelination MRI

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kūlana demyelinating, ʻo MS a me optic neuritis, a me nā mumū o ke aʻalolo optic, me nā scri MRI. Hiki i nā MRI ke hōʻike i nā papa demyelination i ka lolo a me nā aʻalolo, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea i hoʻokumu ʻia e MS.

Hiki paha i kāu kauka olakino ke ʻimi i nā pāka a i nā ʻino paha e hoʻopili ana i kāu ʻōnaehana makaʻu. Hiki ke kuhikuhi pololei ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana ma ke kumu o ka demyelination i kou kino.

Statins

Hiki i ke kikowaena ʻōnaehana (CNS) ke hana i kāna kolamu ponoʻī. Hōʻike i kēia manawa inā ʻoe e lawe i nā statins e hōʻemi i ka cholesterol i kou kino, ʻaʻole paha lākou e hoʻopili i kāu CNS kolesterol.

Ua ʻike pū ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi he nui ka mālama ʻana i ka statin e pale aku ai i ka maʻi o Alzheimer (AD) i ka poʻe i ʻike ʻole i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka noʻonoʻo a ʻōpio nō naʻe.

ua ʻike he lohi paha nā statins i ka helu o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka noʻonoʻo a hoʻolohi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o AD. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi, a ʻaʻohe a mākou pane paʻa. Hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi ʻaʻole pili ka statins i ka CNS a i ʻole ka remyelination, a ʻo kekahi poʻe e ʻōlelo nei.

I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā hōʻike i statin therapy e hōʻino i ka remyelination ma waena o ka CNS. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā hopena o nā statins e pili ana i ka hana i ka noʻonoʻo ke hoʻomau i ka kontroversial i kēia manawa.

Nā maʻi āpau a me ka demyelination

ʻO ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana kamepiula me kahi lāʻau lapaʻau hiki ke hoʻoulu i kahi hopena autoimmune. Kūleʻa kēia i kekahi mau poʻe wale nō me nā ʻōnaehana pale maʻi hypersensitive.

ʻIke kekahi mau keiki a me nā mākua i nā "syndrome demyelinating maha" ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau āpau, e like me nā maʻi influenza a HPV paha.

Akā he 71 wale nō mau hihia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai 1979 a 2014, a ʻaʻole maopopo leʻa ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke kumu o ka demyelination.

Lawe aku

Hiki i nā kūlana demyelinating ke ʻeha a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia i ka wā mua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki nō ke noho maikaʻi me MS a me nā kūlana maʻamau ʻē aʻe.

Aia kekahi e noiʻi hou e pili ana i nā kumu o ka demyelination a pehea e mālama ai i nā kumu olaola o ka myelin deterioration. Hoʻomaikaʻi pū ʻia nā mālama ʻana no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻeha i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka demyelination.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻonā ʻia nā kūlana demyelinating. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke kamaʻilio me kāu olakino e pili ana i nā lāʻau a me nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe e kōkua iā ʻoe e aʻo hou e pili ana i kāu ʻano.

ʻO ka nui o kāu ʻike, ʻo ka nui o kāu hiki ke hana e hoʻoponopono i nā ʻōuli, e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka nohona, e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele pono i ka ʻeha.