Dementia: he aha ia, ʻano, ʻōuli a pehea e ʻike ai

Anter

• 1. ʻO Alzheimer
• 2. Dementia vascular
• 3. Ka maʻi kunikau a Parkinson
• 4. Dementia senile
• 5. ʻO ka dementia Frontotemporal
• 6. E koho i ka dementia
• 7. Dementia me nā kino Lewy
• 8. Dementia ʻalekohola

ʻO Dementia, i kapa ʻia he maʻi neurocognitive nui a ʻoluʻolu paha i DSM-V, kūlike i ka loli holomua o nā wahi o ka lolo, e hopena ana i ka hoʻomanaʻo, ka lawena, ka ʻōlelo a me ka pilikino, ke komo pono i ke ola o ke kanaka.

Hiki ke unuhi ʻia ʻo Dementia ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona e pili ana i nā loli o ka lolo i hiki ke loaʻa i nā kumu like ʻole, pili pinepine ʻia me ka ʻelemakule.

Wahi a ke kumu a me nā ʻōuli i hōʻike ʻia e ke kanaka, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka dementia i loko o kekahi mau ʻano, ʻo ka mea nui:

1. ʻO Alzheimer

ʻO Alzheimer ka ʻano nui o ka dementia a ʻike ʻia e ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa holomua o nā neurons a me nā hana noʻonoʻo maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o Alzheimer kahi hopena o nā ʻano kumumea, e like me nā genetics, ʻelemakule, hana ʻole ʻana i ke kino, trauma poʻo a me ka puhipaka, no ka laʻana.

Nā hōʻailona nui: Hoʻokumu nā ʻōuli o Alzheimer i nā hanana, pili nā ʻōuli mua i ka paʻakikī i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana, ka ʻole o ka nānā a me ka hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi ʻole, ka noʻonoʻo, ka noʻonoʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo. Eia pehea e ʻike ai i nā ʻōuli o Alzheimer.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi: Hana ʻia ke kuhi o Alzheimer e ka loiloi ʻana i nā ʻōuli i hōʻike ʻia e ka mea maʻi a me ka maʻi maʻi a me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki i ka neurologist ke noi i nā hoʻāʻo e ʻae i nā loli o ka lolo e ʻike ʻia, a me ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o ka wai cerebrospinal e nānā i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻia o nā protein beta-amyloid e hana ʻia ma Alzheimer.

Paipai ʻia hoʻi e hana i nā hoʻokolohua noʻonoʻo, pono e hana ʻia e ka neurologist a i ʻole geriatrician, i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka lolo. E ʻike pehea e hana ai i ka hōʻike wikiwiki a Alzheimer.

2. Dementia vascular

ʻO ka dementia vascular ka lua o nā ʻano maʻamau o ka dementia, ʻelua wale nō iā Alzheimer, a hiki i ka wā e hōʻino ʻia ka lako o ka lolo ma muli o ka cerebrovascular a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai, e hopena ana i ka lolo e hoʻololi a, a no laila, dementia No kēia kumu, ʻo ke kumu nui o kēia ʻano dementia ka maʻi ahulau. Maikaʻi e hoʻomaopopo ai i ke ʻano o ka vament dementia, kona mau ʻōuli a pehea e mālama ai.

Nā hōʻailona nui: I kēia ʻano dementia, aia ka hōʻino nui o ka ʻike, hana paʻakikī loa i ke kanaka e hana i nā hana maʻalahi o kēlā me kēia lā, e hopena ai i ka hilinaʻi. Hoʻohui ʻia, me ka holomua o ka maʻi, hiki i ke kanaka ke lilo i ka momona, e maʻalahi i nā maʻi a paʻakikī i ka ale ʻana, no ka laʻana.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi: Hana ʻia ke kuhi o ka vementia dementia e nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi neurological, e like me ka resonance magnetic a me ka tomography i helu ʻia, kahi e hōʻoia ʻia ai ka loli ʻana o ka lolo ma muli o ka emi o ka hāʻawi o ke koko i ka lolo.

3. Ka maʻi kunikau a Parkinson

Kū aʻe ka dementia o Parkinson i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi o Parkinson, kahi hopena o nā loli i kū i ka pae o ka lolo, no ka mea aia nā hoʻololi e pili ana i ka ʻike a me ka lawena o kēlā kanaka. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau i nā poʻe ma mua o 50 mau makahiki a ʻaʻole paʻa maikaʻi ke kumu, akā ʻike ʻia aia he ʻaʻahu ma nā wahi o ka lolo ke kuleana no ka hana o nā neurotransmitters.

Nā hōʻailona nui: Ma waho aʻe o nā hōʻailona ʻano o Parkinson, e like me ka haʻalulu a me ka ʻāʻī puʻupuʻu, aia kekahi nalowale holomua o ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā reflexes ma muli o ka ʻeha a me nā waimaka o nā wahi lolo i kuleana no ka hana ʻana o nā neurotransmitters. E ʻike he aha nā hōʻailona mua o Parkinson.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi: ʻO ke kuhi ʻana i ka maʻi o Parkinson e hana ʻia e ka neurologist e nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli i hōʻike ʻia e ka mea maʻi a me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi ʻana, e like me ke kiʻi ʻana i ka resonance ʻumeʻume a me ka tomography compute o ka iwi poʻo, no ka laʻana. Hoʻohui ʻia, kauoha ʻia paha nā hoʻokolohua koko e hōʻalo paha i nā kuhiakau diagnostics ʻē aʻe.

4. Dementia senile

Hana pinepine ʻia ka dementia o Senile i ka poʻe ma mua o 65 mau makahiki a ʻike ʻia e ka holomua a me ka nalowale o ka hana naʻau, e like me ka hoʻomanaʻo, ka noʻonoʻo a me ka ʻōlelo, a no laila kekahi o nā kumu nui o ke kīnā i ka poʻe ʻelemākule. ʻO kēia ʻano dementia kahi hopena o nā maʻi neurodegenerative, e like me ka Alzheimer a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻo Parkinson.

Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo ia paha ka hopena o ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau, e like me nā pila moe, nā anti-depressants a me nā mea hoʻomaha musele, no ka laʻana. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka dementia senile.

Nā hōʻailona nui: ʻO nā ʻōuli nui e pili ana i ka senile dementia ka disorientation, ka nalo ʻana o ka hoʻomanaʻo, ka paʻakikī ʻana i ka hoʻoholo ʻana, ka hoʻopoina ʻana i nā mea maʻalahi, ka pohō kaumaha, ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka urinary, ka hoʻokele paʻakikī a hana ʻana i nā hana wale nō, e like me ke kūʻai ʻana, kuke ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻauʻau ʻana, e laʻa me.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi: Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke ʻano o kēia ʻano dementia ma o nā hoʻokolohua hale hoʻokolohua, e kāpae i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, a me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi, e like me ka tomography compute o ke poʻo iwi a me nā kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki, no ka laʻana, e loiloi i ka hana o ka lolo. Hoʻohui ʻia, pono e kau ʻia ke kuhi ma muli o ka mōʻaukala piha o ka mōʻaukala a me nā hoʻāʻo e loiloi i ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ke kūlana noʻonoʻo, a me ke degere o ka nānā, ka noʻonoʻo a me ka kamaʻilio.

5. ʻO ka dementia Frontotemporal

ʻO Frontotemporal dementia a i ʻole DFT kahi ʻano dementia i hōʻike ʻia e ke atrophy a me ka nalo ʻana o nā hunaola nerve i hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā ​​lobes mua a me nā manawa o ka lolo. ʻO nā lobes mua ke kuleana no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka naʻau a me ka lawena, ʻoiai nā lobes kūlohelohe e pili ana i ka hihiʻo a me ka ʻōlelo. No laila, kaukaʻi ʻia kahi e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai ka lolo, hiki i nā ʻōuli ke loli.

Nā hōʻailona nui: ʻO nā ʻōuli nui e pili ana i ka FTD nā loli i ka nohona kaiāulu, ka loli ʻana o ke ʻano, ka loli i ka ʻōlelo, ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi haʻiʻōlelo palena. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki i ke kanaka ke hana hou i nā huaʻōlelo i haʻi ʻia e kekahi poʻe i nā manawa he nui a hoʻomanaʻo ʻole i nā inoa o nā mea, hiki ke wehewehe wale iā lākou.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi: ʻIke ʻia ʻo FTD e kahi loiloi psychiatric, kahi e hōʻoia ai nā loli a me nā mea e pili ana i ka ʻike kaiaulu. Hoʻohui ʻia, kauoha ʻia paha kekahi mau hoʻāʻo, e like me ke kiʻi ʻana o ka lolo a me ka electroencephalogram. E ʻike pehea e hana ʻia ai ka electroencephalogram.

6. E koho i ka dementia

ʻO pick's dementia a maʻi paha, i ʻike ʻia ʻo PiD, kahi ʻano dementia frontotemporal i hōʻike ʻia e ka nui o nā protein Tau i nā neurons i kapa ʻia nā kīʻaha ʻo Pick. Kū pinepine ka nui o ka protein i mua a i ʻole nā ​​kūlohelohe temporal a ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka nalo ʻana o ka hoʻomanaʻo, hiki ke hoʻomaka mai ka makahiki 40.

Nā hōʻailona nui: ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Pick ka hōʻailona nui o ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka hiki ke noʻonoʻo, paʻakikī e ʻōlelo, huikau ka noʻonoʻo, kū ʻole ka naʻau a me nā ʻano pilikino.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi: Hana ʻia ke kuhi o ka maʻi o Pick ma ke kālailai ʻana i nā ʻōuli o ke ʻano e hōʻike ʻia e ke kanaka, i hana mau ʻia ma o nā hoʻokolohua psychological, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi, e like me ke kiʻi kiʻi resonance ʻumeʻume, e laʻa me. Hoʻohui ʻia, e noi ʻia paha ke kauka e loiloi i ka nui o ka protein protein o Tau i nā wai o ka ʻōnaehana, a hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili o ka wai cerebrospinal.

7. Dementia me nā kino Lewy

Pili ke dementia me nā kino Lewy i ke komo ʻana o nā wahi kikoʻī o ka lolo ma muli o ke kū ʻana o nā hanana protein, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he kino Lewy, e hoʻomohala i loko o nā hunaola a hana i kā lākou degeneration a me ka make, e hopena ai i ka dementia. ʻO kēia ʻano dementia ka mea maʻamau i nā poʻe ma mua o 60 a hiki ke hana like ʻia me ka maʻi ʻo Alzheimer, e laʻa me. E aʻo pehea e ʻike ai a mālama ai i ka dementia me nā kino Lewy.

​Nā hōʻailona nui: Loaʻa i ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me kēia ʻano dementia ke ʻano o ka nalowale ʻana o ka hiki i ka noʻonoʻo, ka huikau o ka noʻonoʻo, disorientation, hallucination, tremors and muscle muscle. ʻO ka maʻa mau ke ʻike mua ʻia nā loli a, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lolo i loko, ʻike ʻia nā loli i ka neʻe ʻana a lilo i mea koʻikoʻi loa ka noʻonoʻo.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi: ʻO ke kuhi ʻana o ke dementia me nā kino Lewy e hana ʻia e kahi neurologist ma o ka loiloi ʻana i nā ʻōuli, ka mōʻaukala o ka mea hoʻomanawanui a me ka ʻohana a me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi ʻana, e like me ka tomography i helu ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻi resonance ʻumeʻume, i mea e ʻike ai i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka lolo.

8. Dementia ʻalekohola

Ke aʻo ʻia nei ka pilina ma waena o ka ʻai nui loa ʻana i nā mea inu ʻona a me kahi predisposition ʻoi aku i ka dementia, akā naʻe ua hōʻoia ʻia ka lawehala nui ʻana o nā mea inu ʻona me ka hoʻomanaʻo, ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hana. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i ka waiʻona ke loaʻa kahi hopena weliweli ma nā hunaola nerve, hoʻololi i kā lākou hana a hopena i nā ʻōuli o dementia, no ka laʻana.

Eia hou, inā pili ka ʻai nui ʻana i ka waiʻona me kahi papaʻai haʻahaʻa i ka wikamina B1, aia paha kahi ʻino i hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia. E ʻike i nā meaʻai e waiwai i ka wikamina B1.

Nā hōʻailona nui: ʻO nā pilikia aʻo, nā loli o ka pilikino, ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā mākau kaiaulu, ka paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo loiloi a me nā loli hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo wā pōkole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻano o ka dementia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka ʻalekohola.