Ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa mākeke (DM): he aha ia, nā ʻōuli a me nā lāʻau

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• Nā ʻano o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa retina
• 1. Ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa macular e pili ana i ka makahiki (AMD)
• 2. Ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa maloʻo
• 3. degeneration pulu
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• Lapaʻau kūlohelohe

ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa macular, i ʻike ʻia he degeneration retinal a i ʻole DM wale nō, kahi maʻi e hōʻemi ai i ka hiki ke ʻike i ke kikowaena, me ka pouli a me ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻoi, e mālama ai i ka ʻike ākea.

Pili kēia maʻi i ka ʻelemakule a pili nui i ka poʻe ma mua o 50 mau makahiki. No laila, kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia ia ma ke ʻano AMD - degeneration macular pili i ka makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka poʻe ʻōpio a me ka poʻe me nā kumu kūpilikiʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka, ka ʻole o nā wikamina no ka papaʻai, ke koko kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka hōʻike nui ʻana i ka lā, no ka laʻana.

ʻOiai ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i ka lapaʻau ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hihiʻo a pale i ka maʻi mai ka ʻino ʻana, a pili i kekahi mau koho i alakaʻi ʻia e ka ophthalmologist, e like me ka photocoagulation kukuna, nā lāʻau e like me corticosteroids, a me nā inikoko intraocular e hoʻemi ana i ka mumū, a ʻo ia ka mea i koi ʻia e e hāhai i ka papaʻai i waiwai i nā antioxidant, e like me ka wikamina C a me E, a me ka omega-3, i loaʻa i nā meaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻohui.

Nā hōʻailona nui

Kū mai ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa retina ke hele a nā kino i ke kikowaena o ka retina, i kapa ʻia ʻo macula. No laila, ʻo nā ʻōuli ke kumu o ia:

• Ka lilo lohi o ka hiki ke ʻike akāka i nā mea;
• ʻO ka hihi pohihihi a i ʻole kekeʻe i waenakonu o ka hihiʻo;
• ʻIke o kahi pouli a hakahaka paha i waenakonu o ka hihiʻo.

ʻOiai hiki iā ia ke hōʻino nui i ka ʻike maka, degeneration macular ʻaʻole ia e alakaʻi i ka makapo āpau, no ka mea e hoʻopili wale ia i ka wahi waena, e mālama nei i ka ʻike ākea.

Hana ʻia ke kuhi o kēia maʻi e nā loiloi a me nā hoʻokolohua i lawe ʻia e ka ophthalmologist, nāna e nānā i ka macula a ʻike i ke ʻano a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o kēlā me kēia kanaka, i mea e hoʻolālā ai i ka lāʻau maikaʻi loa.

Nā ʻano o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa retina

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kahua a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa macular, hiki iā ia ke hōʻike iā ia iho i nā ʻano like ʻole:

1. Ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa macular e pili ana i ka makahiki (AMD)

ʻO ia ka pae mua o ka maʻi a ʻaʻole paha e hoʻokumu i nā ʻōuli. I kēia manawa, hiki i ka ophthalmologist ke nānā i ke ola o nā druse, kahi ʻano ʻōpala e hōʻiliʻili ma lalo o ka retinal tissue.

ʻOiai ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā druse ʻaʻole ia he kumu o ka nalo ʻana o ka hihi, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopilikia i ke olakino o ka macula a holomua i kahi pae holomua, inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa a mālama koke ʻia.

2. Ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa maloʻo

ʻO ia ke ʻano nui o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka maʻi a hiki i ka wā e make ai nā hunaola o ka retina, kahi e kumu ai ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike. Inā haʻalele ʻole ʻia, hiki i kēia degeneration ke hoʻomāhuahua a hoʻomohala, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, kahi ʻano ʻoi aku ka hakakā.

3. degeneration pulu

ʻO kēia ke kūlana koʻikoʻi loa o ka maʻi, kahi e hiki ai i nā wai a me ke koko ke puka mai nā kīʻaha koko ma lalo o ka retina, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka scarring a me ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻAʻohe mea hoʻōla a Macular degeneration, akā, ʻo ka ukali ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana e ka ophthalmologist, i nā wā i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, e hoʻomaka koke ʻia e hōʻoki i ka maʻi.

I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana, e hoʻopili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka laser kukuna, korticosteroids, photocoagulation o ka retina, i hoʻohui ʻia me ka noi intraocular o nā lāʻau, e like me Ranibizumab a i ʻole Aflibercept, no ka laʻana, ka mea e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o nā kīʻaha koko a me pehu.

Lapaʻau kūlohelohe

ʻAʻole pani ka lapaʻau kūlohelohe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me nā lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e ka ophthalmologist, akā he mea nui ia e pale aku a pale i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka macular degeneration.

ʻAi ʻia kahi papaʻai momona i ka omega-3, i loko o ka iʻa a me molluscs, i hoʻohui ʻia me nā antioxidant, wikamina C, wikamina E, beta-carotene, zinc a me keleawe, i loaʻa i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, no ka mea he mau mea nui ia no ke olakino. o ka retina.

Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka meaʻai e kūpono ai i nā pono o kēlā me kēia lā, hiki ke hoʻopau iā lākou ma o nā mea hoʻopiha i kūʻai ʻia i nā hale kūʻai meaʻai olakino a me nā hale kūʻai lāʻau, i nā lāʻau i koi ʻia e ka ophthalmologist.

Eia hou, e kōkua i ka pale a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e ukali i nā ʻano olakino ʻē aʻe e like me ka puhipaka ʻole, ka pale ʻana i nā mea inu ʻona a pale iā ʻoe iho mai ka lā ikaika a me ka radiation ultraviolet me nā aniani ʻānō kūpono.