Nā ʻōuli maʻi ʻaʻai o ka bladder, kumu nui a pehea e mālama ai

Anter

• Nā ʻōuli maʻi ʻaʻai
• Nā kumu nui
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi
• Pehea e mālama ai
• 1. ʻoki kino
• 2. BCG immunotherapy
• 3. Radiotherapy
• 4. ʻO Chemotherapy

ʻO ke kanulau maʻi ʻāwīwī kahi ʻano tumo i hōʻike ʻia e ka ulu ʻana o nā keena ʻino ma loko o ka paia pākino, i hiki ke hana ʻia ma muli o ka puhihihi ʻana a i ʻole ke waiho mau ʻana i nā kemika e like me nā kala, pesticides a i ʻole arsenic, no ka laʻana, no ka mea, hoʻopau ʻia kēia mau mea ma o ka mimi, a ua hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū ma mua o ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana, a hiki ke hoʻololi i nā loli.

Holomua nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a hiki ke huikau me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻōnaehana urinary, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mimiki, ʻeha ma ka ʻōpū o lalo, ka luhi nui a me ka pohō kaumaha no ke kumu ʻole. He mea nui e hana ke kuhi ke ʻike koke ʻia nā ʻōuli mua, no ka mea ʻo ia ala hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka lapaʻau kūpono loa, pale i nā pilikia a hoʻonui i ka manawa o ka hoʻōla.

Nā ʻōuli maʻi ʻaʻai

Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai bladder ma ke ʻano he hoʻolaha nā cell malignant a hoʻopilikia i ka hana o kēia ʻōpala. No laila, nā hōʻailona nui a me nā ʻōuli o kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai.

• ʻO ke koko i loko o ka mimi, ka mea e ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka wā o ka mimi i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua;
• ʻEha a ʻeha paha ke ʻino i ka wā o ka mimiki ʻana;
• ʻEha ma ka ʻōpū o lalo;
• Hoʻonui i ka pono e mimi;
• Hoʻoikaika koke e mimiki;
• Urinary incontinence;
• Māluhiluhi;
• Kaʻai ʻole;
• Ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa kaumaha ʻole.

ʻO nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka maʻi ʻaʻai he mea maʻamau ia i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi urinary, e like me ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, maʻi maʻi urinary tract, nā pōhaku kidney a i ʻole ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka urinary, a no laila ʻaʻole ia he mea nui e koi aku ka loio maʻamau a i ʻole urologist e hana i nā hoʻokolohua. e kuhikuhi i ke kumu o nā ʻōuli a pēlā e hōʻike ai i ka lāʻau kūpono kūpono loa.

Nā kumu nui

Hōʻalo nā mea ʻona he nui i loko o ka hakahaka i hoʻopau ʻia mai ke kahe o ke koko ma o ka mimi, a ua pili mākou i kēlā me kēia lā ma o ka ʻai ʻana o ka meaʻai, ka hanu ʻana a me ka pili o ka ʻili.

ʻO kēia mau mea, i loaʻa i loko o ka paka, pesticides, dyes a me nā lāʻau, e like me cyclophosphamide a me arsenic, e laʻa me ka paia bladder, a ma ka hoʻolōʻihi hoʻolōʻihi hiki ke hoʻoulu i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

I ke alo o nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli e hōʻike ana i kahi maʻi ʻaʻai, he mea nui e nīnau ʻia ka urologist, i mea e mālama ʻia ai nā loiloi kino, nā hoʻokolohua kino ʻana a me nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, e like me urinalysis, ultrasound tract ultrasound, MRI a CT paha scan, a cystoscopy, e pili ana i ka hoʻolauna ʻana o kahi paipu lahilahi ma o ka urethra e nānā i ka loko o ka pale. Hoʻomaopopo pehea ka cystoscopy e hana ai.

Eia hou, inā kuhi ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ua paipai ke kauka i ka hana ʻana i kahi biopsy, kahi e lawe ʻia ai kahi mea liʻiliʻi mai ka ʻāpana i hoʻololi ʻia o ka pūpū e loiloi ʻia ai microscopically i mea e hōʻoia ai inā he ʻano maikaʻi a ʻano ʻino paha kēlā hoʻololi.

A laila, ʻo nā kaʻina e hiki mai ana e wehewehe i ka paʻakikī a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai bladder i ka pae o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

• Kahua 0 - me ka ʻole o nā hōʻike o ka puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​tumors aia wale nō i ka pale o ka pale;
• Kahua 1 - hele ka tumo i loko o ka uhi o ka pale bladder, akā ʻaʻole i hiki i ka ʻāpana mākala;
• Kahua 2 - tumo e hoʻopili ai i ka muscular layer o ka ʻōpū;
• Kahua 3 - ka tumo e hele ma ʻō aku o ka ʻāʻī muscular o ka ʻōpū i hiki i nā aʻa puni;
• Kahua 4 - pālahalaha ka tumo i nā lymph node a me nā mea pili kokoke, a i nā pūnaewele mamao paha.

Aia ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka manawa a ke kanaka i hoʻomohala ai, no laila, he mea nui e hana koke ʻia ke kuhi a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau.

Pehea e mālama ai

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū e pili ana i ke kahua a me ke degere o ke komo ʻana o ka meaola, a hiki ke hana ʻia ma o ke kaha ʻana, chemotherapy, radiotherapy a me ka immunotherapy, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ke kauka. Ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū i nā wā mua, nui ka manawa o ka hoʻōla a no laila, he mea nui ka ʻike mua.

No laila, e like me ke kahua o ka maʻi, nā ʻōuli i hōʻike ʻia e ke kanaka a me ke olakino laulā, ʻo nā koho lapaʻau nui:

1. ʻoki kino

ʻO ke ʻoki lāʻau ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana nui ʻia e hōʻola i kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai, akā naʻe, loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ke loaʻa ka tumo i nā pae mua a loaʻa. ʻO kekahi o nā kaʻina hana e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia:

• ʻO ka transurethral resection: me ka ʻoki ʻana, ka wehe ʻana a i ʻole ke puhi ʻana i ka tumo ke liʻiliʻi ia i ka nui a aia ma ka ʻili o ka pūpū;
• Cystectomy mahele: pili i ka hemo ʻana o ka ʻāpana o ka puhā i pā ʻia e ka tumo;
• Cystectomy radical: hana ʻia i nā pae holomua o ka maʻi a me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka pākā.

I ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka pākino, lawe ʻia nā lymph node a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe kokoke i ka ʻōpū i loaʻa i nā hunaola maʻi ʻino. I ka hihia o nā kāne, hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā mea i loko o ka prostate, ka vesicle seminal a me ka ʻāpana o nā vas deferens. I nā wahine, hemo ka uterus, nā ovaries, nā tuba fallopian a me kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū.

2. BCG immunotherapy

Hoʻohana ka Immunotherapy i nā lāʻau e hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻōnaehana paleʻāina e hoʻouka aku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a hoʻohana ʻia i nā hihia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui ʻole e pale ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai hou, ma hope o ke kaha ʻana.

ʻO ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka immunotherapy ʻo BCG, kahi hopena i loaʻa i nā koʻohune ola a nāwaliwali hoʻi, i hoʻolauna ʻia i loko o ka hakahaka ma o ka catheter, kahi e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Pono ka mea hoʻomanawanui e mālama i ka hopena BCG i loko o ka huhū ma kahi o 2 mau hola a mālama ʻia ka lāʻau i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule, no 6 mau pule.

3. Radiotherapy

Hoʻohana kēia ʻano lapaʻau i ka radiation e hoʻopau ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a hiki ke hana ʻia ma mua o ke kaha ʻana, e hōʻemi ai i ka nui o ka tumo, a ma hope paha o ke kaha ʻana, e hoʻopau ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻea e noho mau nei.

Hiki ke hana i ka radiotherapy ma waho, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hāmeʻa e kia ana i ka pāhawewe ma ka wahi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, a i ʻole e ka radiation o loko, kahi e hoʻonoho ʻia ai kahi mea i loko o ka pākeke e hoʻokuʻu ai i ka mea radioactive. Lawe ʻia ka mālama ʻana i kekahi mau manawa o ka pule, no kekahi mau pule, e pili ana i ke kahua o ka tumo.

4. ʻO Chemotherapy

Hoʻohana ka chemotherapy maʻi ʻaʻa i ka lāʻau i nā lāʻau e hoʻopau ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, a hoʻokahi wale nō lāʻau a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o ʻelua e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia.

I nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui ʻole o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻohana i ka chemotherapy intravesical, kahi e hoʻolauna pololei ʻia ai ka lāʻau i loko o ka pahu i loko o ka catheter, a mau no kekahi mau hola. Lawe ʻia kēia hana i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule, no kekahi mau pule.