Lecermaniasis Visceral (kala azar): he aha ia, nā ʻōuli a me nā lāʻau

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• Pehea e hoʻoili ai
• Kānāwai o Calazar
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻO Kala azar, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo visceral leishmaniasis a i ʻole tropical splenomegaly, kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu nui ʻia e protozoa Leishmania chagasi a Leishmania donovani, a kū a kahi pepeke liʻiliʻi o ka laha Lutzomyia longipalpis, kaulana ʻia ʻo ka makika mauʻu a i ʻole birigui, i pā ʻia e kekahi o nā protozoa, nahu ia i ke kanaka a hoʻokuʻu i kēia parasite i ke kahe o ke kanaka, e hopena ai i ka maʻi.

Hoʻopili nui kēia ʻano leishmaniasis i nā keiki ma mua o 10 mau makahiki a me nā mākua i loaʻa ka hemahema o ka meaʻai, e like me ka nele o ka hao, nā huaora a me nā protein, a noho i nā wahi me nā ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻole a me nā ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻO ka ʻĀina o Brazil ka nui o ka pilikia ma ka Hikina ʻĀkau a manaʻo ʻia ʻoi aku ka pilikia o nā keiki no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hemahema o ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu piha ʻia ka ʻōnaehana pale a ua ʻike nui ʻia lākou i nā holoholona.

Nā hōʻailona nui

Ma hope o ka nahu e hoʻoili i ka maʻi, hohola ka protozoa ma o ke kahe o ke koko a ma o nā mea kuleana no ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola a me ka pale o ke kino, e like me ka pelupelu, ke ake, nā pūnana lymph a me ka iwi o ka iwi, ke kumu o kēia mau hōʻailona:

• ʻO Chills a me ke kuni kiʻekiʻe, hele mai a hele, o ka lōʻihi lōʻihi;
• Hoʻonui i ka ʻōpū, ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka spleen a me ke akepaʻa;
• Ka nāwaliwali a luhi nui hoʻi;
• Kaumaha emi;
• Paleness, ma muli o ka anemia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi;
• ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kahe ʻana, no ka gum, ihu a feces paha, no ka laʻana;
• ʻO nā maʻi pinepine, e nā mea ʻino a me nā koʻohune, ma muli o ke kulu o ka pale ʻana;
• Pohā.

Loaʻa ka manawa incubation o Visceral leishmaniasis o 10 mau lā i ʻelua mau makahiki, a ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he maʻi maʻamau a ʻike lohi ʻia kāna mau ʻōuli, hiki ke huikau ʻia me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka malaria, typhoid, dengue a Zika paha, no ka laʻana. No laila, i ke alo o kēia mau ʻōuli, he mea nui ka ʻimi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i mea e hiki ai ke hana i ka hōʻailona a hoʻomaka ʻia ka lapaʻau kūpono.

Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia nā maʻi ʻili a me nā ulcer e kekahi ʻano leishmaniasis, i kapa ʻia he cutane ʻole a he ʻili paha. ʻIke i nā kumu a pehea e ʻike ai i ka leishmaniasis ʻohana.

Pehea e hoʻoili ai

ʻO ka waihona wai nui o ka protozoa ke kuleana no ka kala azar nā ʻīlio a, no laila, manaʻo ʻia lākou ke kumu nui o ka maʻi o ka maʻi kolo. ʻO ia, ke nahu ka ʻeneka i ka ʻīlio i loaʻa i ka maʻi, loaʻa iā ia ka protozoan, e ulu ana i loko o kāna meaola a hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia i ke kanaka ma o ka nahu ʻana. ʻAʻole nā ​​ʻīlio a pau nā hāpai Leishmania chagasi a i ʻole Leishmania donovani, ʻo ka mea maʻamau i nā ʻīlio ʻaʻole i dewormed pinepine a i ʻole loaʻa ka mālama kūpono.

Ke loaʻa ka parasite i ka meaola o ka pepeke, hiki ke maʻalahi ke hoʻomohala a laila hele i nā galani salivary. Ke nahu ka mea ʻino i loaʻa i ke kanaka, hele ia i ka parasite i loko o kāna mau galani salivary i loko o ke kahe o ke kanaka, e hoʻolaha maʻalahi ʻia e nā meaola.

Kānāwai o Calazar

ʻO ke kuhi ʻana o ka leishmaniasis visceral i hana ʻia e ka nīnaninau parasitological, kahi e hana ʻia ai kahi moʻomeheu o ka iwi iwi, ʻūpā a i ʻole ke akepaʻa i mea e nānā ai i kekahi o nā ʻano hoʻomohala o ka protozoan. Eia hou, hiki ke hana i ka hōʻailona ma o nā hoʻokolohua immunological, e like me ELISA, a i ʻole immunochromatographs, i ʻike nui ʻia e like me nā hoʻokolohua wikiwiki.

ʻO ka maikaʻi ʻole o nā hoʻokolohua immunological ʻoiai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, hiki nō paha ke lawa ka nui o nā mea ʻāpala, kahi e hōʻike nei i ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia mau hihia, he mea nui e loiloi ke kauka i ke kū ʻana o nā ʻōuli, no ka mea inā ʻaʻohe ʻōuli, ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia ka lapaʻau.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Pono e hoʻomaka koke ka mālama ʻana no kala azar a hiki ke hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau kikoʻī, e like me Pentavalent Antimonial Compounds, Amphotericin B a me Pentamidine, e hōʻike ʻia e ke kauka a hoʻohana ʻia e like me kāna kuhikuhi.

Ke hoʻomaka nei i ka lapaʻau he mea nui nō hoʻi ia e mālama i kekahi ʻano akahele, e like me ka loiloi a me ka hoʻokūpaʻa ʻana i nā kūlana olakino, e like me kaʻai pono ʻole a me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e pili pū me ia. Pono paha e noho i ka haukapila no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau i loko o ka aa, akā i nā hihia kahi paʻa ka maʻi a he maʻalahi ke komo i ka haukapila, hiki i ke kauka ke koi aku i ka lāʻau ma ka home a hele i ka haukapila no ka ukali.

Pono e mālama koke i kēia maʻi, no ka mea ua ʻoi aku ka ʻino i loko o kekahi mau lā a no laila hiki i ka mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia ke ʻeha i nā pilikia hoʻoweliweli e like me ka maʻi o ke akemama, ka hanu ʻole ʻana o ka hanu, ka holo ʻana o ka digestive, ka holo ʻana o ke kahe a ma muli paha o nā maʻi āpau, e nā mea ʻino a me nā bacteria. E ʻike i nā kikoʻī e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana no ka leishmaniasis visceral.