Botulism

Anter

• He aha nā hōʻailona o Botulism?
• He aha nā kumu o Botulism? ʻO wai e ʻino?
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka Botulism?
• Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka Botulism?
• Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke pale aku i ka Botulism?

He aha ka Botulism?

ʻO ka botulism (a i ʻole ka lāʻau ʻona botulism) kahi maʻi laha ʻole akā koʻikoʻi nui ia i lawe ʻia ma o ka meaʻai, hoʻopili me ka lepo haumia, a i ʻole ma kahi ʻeha hāmama. Me ka ʻole o ka mālama mua ʻana, hiki i ka botulism ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi lōlō, nā pilikia hanu, a me ka make.

ʻEkolu ʻano nui o ka botulism:

• botulism pēpē
• botulism hanaʻi meaʻai
• maʻi botulism

ʻO ka lāʻau make botulism ma muli o kahi toxin i hana ʻia e kekahi ʻano bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻO Clostridium botulinum. ʻOiai maʻamau loa, hiki i kēia mau bacteria ke ulu pono i nā kūlana kahi ʻaʻohe oxygen. ʻO kekahi kumuwaiwai meaʻai, e like me nā mea ʻai i kēkū i ka home, hāʻawi i kahi ʻāina hānau ikaika.

Wahi a ka, ma kahi o 145 mau hihia botulism e hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki i United States. Ma kahi o 3 a 5 pakeneka o ka poʻe me ka lāʻau make botulism e make.

He aha nā hōʻailona o Botulism?

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka botulism mai eono mau hola a i 10 mau lā ma hope o ka maʻi mua. Ma ka awelika, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli o ke botulism pēpē a me nā meaʻai ma waena o 12 a me 36 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai haumia.

ʻO nā hōʻailona mua o ka botulism pēpē e komo pū me:

• kōpaʻa
• pilikia hānai ʻana
• luhi
• ukiuki
• paheʻe
• lihilihi maka
• uē nāwaliwali
• ka nalo ʻana o ke kaohi poʻo a me nā neʻe ʻana o ka floppy ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o nā mākala
• lolo

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka hānau ʻia a i ʻole botulism ʻeha pū me:

• pilikia i ka ale ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo ʻana
• nāwaliwali o ka helehelena ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka maka
• ʻike hihi ʻole
• lihilihi maka
• pilikia hanu
• nausea, luaʻi, a me nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū (ma ka botulism hānau wale ʻia ka meaʻai)
• lolo

He aha nā kumu o Botulism? ʻO wai e ʻino?

Hōʻike nā hōʻike i ka 65 pākēneka o nā hihia botulism e hana i nā pēpē a i ʻole nā ​​keiki ma mua o 1 makahiki. ʻO ka botulism pēpē ka hopena o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka lepo i hoʻohaumia ʻia, a i ʻole i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i loaʻa nā spore botulism. ʻO ka meli a me ka syrup kānana nā hiʻohiʻona ʻelua o nā meaʻai i hiki ke loaʻa i ka haumia. Hiki i kēia mau spores ke ulu i loko o ka ʻōpū o nā pēpē, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka toxin botulism. ʻO nā keiki makua a me nā mākua i nā pale kūlohelohe e pale ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria.

Wahi a ka, ma kahi o 15 pākēneka o nā hihia botulism he meaʻai hānau. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke lilo i mea ʻai lū i ka home a i ʻole nā ​​huahana kēpau kalepa i hana ʻole i ka hana kūpono. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻike i loaʻa ka lāʻau botulism i:

• mālama ʻia nā mea kanu me ka ʻawa haʻahaʻa, e like me beets, spinach, mushroom, and green beans
• iʻa tuna kēnā
• hānai, puhi, a me ka iʻa paʻakai
• nā huahana ʻai, e like me ka ham a me ka sausage

ʻO ka botulism ʻoi loa ka 20 pākēneka o nā hihia botulism āpau, a ma muli o nā spore botulism e komo ana i kahi ʻeha hāmama, e like me ka. Ua piʻi ka helu o ka hanana no kēia ʻano botulism i nā makahiki i hala aku nei ma muli o ka hoʻohana lāʻau ʻana, no ka mea aia nā spores i heroin a me cocaine.

ʻAʻole holo ʻia ʻo Botulism mai kahi kanaka a kanaka. Pono e hoʻopau ke kanaka i nā spores a i ʻole ka lāʻau make ma o ka meaʻai, a i ʻole e komo ka mea make i loko o kahi ʻeha, e kumu ai nā ʻōuli o ka lāʻau make botulism.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka Botulism?

Inā manaʻo ʻoe he botulism ʻoe ​​a i ʻole kekahi mea āu e ʻike ai, e kiʻi koke i ke kōkua kino. ʻO ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama ʻana he mea nui ia no ke ola.

No ke kuhi ʻana i ka botulism, e hoʻopau ke kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua kino, me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōuli o ka lāʻau make botulism. E nīnau lākou e pili ana i nā meaʻai i ʻai ʻia i loko o nā lā i hala aku nei i hiki ke loaʻa nā kumuwaiwai o ka toxin, a inā ʻai kekahi i ka meaʻai like. E nīnau pū lākou e pili ana i nā ʻeha.

I nā pēpē, e nānā pū kekahi kauka no nā ʻōuli o ke kino, a e nīnau e pili ana i nā meaʻai a ka pēpē i ʻai ai, e like me ka meli a me ka syrup kānana.

Lawe ʻia paha i kāu kauka i ke koko a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana stool e kālailai no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā toxins. Eia nō naʻe, he mau lā ka hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo, no laila hilinaʻi ka hapanui o nā kauka i kahi nānā olakino o nā ʻōuli e hana i kahi hōʻailona.

Hiki i kekahi mau ʻōuli o botulism ke hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano maʻi a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe. Kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua hou aku e kāpae i nā kumu ʻē aʻe. Pili pū paha kēia mau hoʻāʻo:

• electromyography (EMG) e loiloi i ka pane o nā mākala
• kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi e ʻike ai i nā hōʻino kūloko i ke poʻo a i ʻole ka lolo
• e hoʻāʻo ai i ka wai ākea e hoʻoholo inā maʻi a maʻi paha i ka lolo a i ʻole ke kuamoʻo ke kumu o nā ʻōuli

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka Botulism?

No nā meaʻai a me nā botulism ʻeha, lawelawe ke kauka i kahi antitoxin i ka wā e hiki ai ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana. I nā pēpē, kahi lapaʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo botulism immune globulin ālai i nā hana o nā neurotoxins e holo i loko o ke koko.

Pono nā hihia koʻikoʻi o ka botulism i ka hoʻohana ʻana o kahi ventilator e kōkua i ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka hanu. He mau pule a mahina paha ka hala ʻana o ke ola. Pono paha ka lōhi wā lōhi a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā hihia koʻikoʻi. Aia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau no ka botulism, akā ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hoʻokolohua piha ʻia kona hopena a aia nā hopena.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke pale aku i ka Botulism?

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, maʻalahi ka pale ʻana i ka botulism. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou makaʻu me nā hana kaohi e hiki mai ana:

• E hāhai i nā ʻenehana kūpono ke kō ʻana i ka meaʻai ma ka home, e hōʻoia ana iā ʻoe e hōʻea i ka wela a me nā pae waikawa.
• E akahele i nā iʻa hū ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai pāʻani wai ʻē aʻe.
• E hoʻolei i nā kini hāmama a puʻupuʻu paha o nā meaʻai i hoʻomākaukau ʻia pāʻoihana.
• Hoʻokomo ʻia nā aila i loko o ka pahu hau i kālika ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu.
• Hoʻomaʻa ʻia kaʻuala a wahī ʻia i loko o ka pepa alumini hiki ke hana i kahi nohona oxygen ʻole kahi e ulu ai ka botulism. E mālama koke i kēia mau mea a hoʻomaʻalili paha.
• ʻO ka paila ʻana i nā meaʻai no 10 mau minuke e hoʻopau i ka toxin botulism.

Ma ke ʻano he rula, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hānai i kahi meli pēpē a i ʻole ka syrup kānana, ʻoiai e loaʻa paha i kēia mau meaʻai ʻO Clostridium botulinum spores.