ʻOki kino lalo: He aha kāu e ʻike ai

Anter

• Ehia nā kumukūʻai o ke kahakaha lalo?
• ʻAe ʻikepili a me nā kūlana mālama o WPATH
• ʻIliahi ʻinikua a me ka ʻoki lalo
• Pehea e loaʻa ai kahi mea hoʻolako
• ʻO ke kaʻina hana ʻo MTF / MTN lalo
• Hoʻohuli Penile
• ʻO ka wahine ʻo Rectosigmoid
• Kahulihuli penile ʻole
• ʻO ke kaʻina hana ʻo FTM / FTN lalo
• ʻO Metoidioplasty
• ʻO Phalloplasty
• Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka ʻoki kino lalo
• Nā pilikia a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ke kahakaha lalo
• Loaʻa hou mai ke ʻoki lalo

Hōʻike Overview

Hahai ka poʻe Transgender a me intersex i nā ala like ʻole e hoʻomaopopo i ko lākou ʻano wahine.

Hana ʻole kekahi i kekahi mea a mālama i kā lākou ʻike kāne a me ka haʻi pilikino. Makemake kekahi i ka hoʻololi kaiāulu - e haʻi ana i nā poʻe e pili ana i kā lākou ʻike kāne - me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nui wale ka poʻe e alualu wale i ka hoʻōla hormon (HRT). E alualu ka poʻe ʻē aʻe i ka HRT a me nā kekelē ʻoki o ke kīpoki, e like me ka hana hou ʻana o ka umauma a i ʻole ke ʻoki ʻana i ka wahine wahine (FFS). Hoʻoholo paha lākou i ke ʻoki lalo - i ʻike ʻia ʻo ke ʻoki kino, ke ʻoki ʻana i ka wahine (SRS), a i ʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ke ʻoki hōʻoia kāne (GCS) - ke koho kūpono na lākou.

ʻO ke ʻoki lalo e kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia i:

• ʻōiwi wahine
• phalloplasty
• metoidioplasty

Ke alualu pinepine ʻia ʻo Vaginoplasty e nā wahine transgender a me ka poʻe nonbinary ʻo AMAB (hāʻawi ʻia kāne kāne i ka wā hānau), ʻoiai ʻo phalloplasty a metoidioplasty paha e alualu pinepine ʻia e nā kāne transgender a me ka AFAM (hāʻawi ʻia ka wahine i ka wā hānau) nā kānaka ʻole.

Ehia nā kumukūʻai o ke kahakaha lalo?

ʻAe ʻikepili a me nā kūlana mālama o WPATH

E ukali paha nā mea mālama ola transgender i kahi hoʻohālikelike ʻae a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana WPATH o ka mālama.

Hāʻawi ka hoʻohālikelike ʻae ʻae i ke kauka e haʻi iā ʻoe i nā pilikia o kekahi hoʻoholo. A laila, hoʻoholo ʻoe iā ʻoe iho inā e hoʻomau me ka ʻole o ka hoʻokomo o kekahi ʻoihana ola.

Pono nā kūlana o ka mālama WPATH i kahi leka kākoʻo mai kahi mea hoʻoponopono e hoʻomaka iā HRT, a me nā leka he nui e hana i ke ʻoki lalo.

Kuhi ka hana WPATH i ka hoʻohewa mai kekahi poʻe o ka kaiāulu transgender. Manaʻoʻiʻo lākou lawe ʻia ka mana mai nā lima o ke kanaka a hōʻike i ka kuleana o ka transgender ma mua o ka mea pilikino ma mua o ke kanaka cisgender.

Eia nō naʻe, hoʻopaʻapaʻa kekahi poʻe lawelawe mālama mālama i kēlā. Koi ʻia nā leka mai nā mea hoʻoponopono a me nā kauka i kekahi mau haukapila, nā kauka, a me nā mea lawelawe mālama, nā mea e nānā paha i kēia ʻōnaehana ke pale ʻia ma ke kānāwai inā pono.

Ua manaʻo ʻia kekahi o kēia mau ʻano e kekahi ma ke kaiāulu transgender e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kumu kiaʻi kiaipuka o mua a ākea hoʻi. Pono kēia k modelkohu i mau mahina a mau makahiki paha o ka "ʻike maoli" (RLE) i ko lākou ʻano wahine ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka HRT a ʻoi paha nā ʻoki maʻamau.

Ua ʻōlelo kekahi ua kuhi kēia i ka ʻike transgender e ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa a i ʻole kūpono ma mua o ka ʻike cisgender. Manaʻoʻiʻo lākou he manawa traumatic noʻonoʻo ʻole, pili ʻole ka nohona, a weliweli hoʻi ke kino RLE kahi kanaka transgender e pono ai iā lākou iho i ko lākou kaiāulu - me ka ʻole o ka pōmaikaʻi o nā hoʻololi kino a nā hormones a me nā ʻokiʻoki e lawe mai ai.

Hoʻohana pū ka hiʻohiʻona kiaʻi puka i ka heteronormative, nā pae cisnormative no ke koho ʻana i ka ʻike maoli. Hāʻawi kēia i kahi pahuhopu koʻikoʻi i ka poʻe transgender me nā mea hoihoi like kāne a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano wahine ma waho o kahi maʻamau stereotypical (nā lole a me nā mea no nā wahine, hōʻike kāne hyper-kāne no nā kāne), a holoi maoli i ka ʻike o ka poʻe transbb nonbinary.

ʻIliahi ʻinikua a me ka ʻoki lalo

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo nā koho ʻē aʻe i ka uku ʻana i nā koina kiʻekiʻe mai loko mai o ka ʻeke, e komo pū ana me ka hana ʻana no kahi ʻoihana e pili ana i nā kūlana o ka Human Rights Campaign Foundation no kāna Kaulike Kaulike, a i ʻole ma ka noho ʻana i kahi mokuʻāina e koi ana i nā ʻinikua e uhi i ka mālama transgender, e like me Kaleponi a me Nu Ioka paha.

Ma Kanada a me UK, uhi ʻia ka ʻoki lalo ma lalo o ke ola kino, me nā pae ʻokoʻa o ka nānā ʻana a kali i nā manawa e kaukaʻi ʻia ana.

Pehea e loaʻa ai kahi mea hoʻolako

Ke koho ʻana i kahi kaukipona, e alualu i nā nīnauele pilikino a i ʻole skype me nā kaukiko ʻē aʻe i hiki. E nīnau i nā nīnau he nui, e loaʻa ai ke ʻano o ka ʻokoʻa o kēlā me kēia kauka i kā lākou ʻenehana, a me ko lākou ʻano moe. Makemake ʻoe e koho i kahi kanaka āu e ʻoluʻolu ai, a me ka mea āu e manaʻoʻiʻo ai he kūpono kūpono loa nāu.

Hāʻawi nā mea he nui i nā hōʻike a kūkā paha i nā kūlanakauhale nui i loko o ka makahiki a hiki ke hōʻike i nā ʻaha kūkā transgender. Kōkua pū ia e kiʻi i nā mea maʻi ma mua o nā kaukipō e hoihoi iā ʻoe, ma o nā kolamu pūnaewele, nā hui kākoʻo, a i ʻole nā ​​hoa aloha.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana ʻo MTF / MTN lalo

ʻEkolu ala nui o ka hana ʻino i hana ʻia i kēia lā:

• penile huliau
• ʻōiwi a hoʻokuʻi kolonā paha
• non-penile huliau vaginoplasty

I nā ʻano ʻekolu o ke kaha ʻana, kālai ʻia ka clitoris mai ke poʻo o ka peni.

Hoʻohuli Penile

Hoʻopili ka penile i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻili penile e hana i ka neovagina. Hana nui ʻia ka labia nui a me ka minora mai nā kiko scrotal. ʻO kēia ka hopena i kahi ʻōpū sensate a me labia.

ʻO kahi drawback nui ka nele o ka lubrication ponoʻī e ka paia vaginal. ʻO nā lauwili maʻamau e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiko scrotal i koe ma ke ʻano he graft no ka hohonu o ka liʻiliʻi, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka urethra mucosal pono ʻole i loaʻa mai ka peni e laina i ka ʻāpana o ka ʻōpala, e hana ana i kahi lubrication ponoʻī.

ʻO ka wahine ʻo Rectosigmoid

Hoʻopili ʻo Rectosigmoid vaginoplasty i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiko o ka ʻōpū e hana i ka paia āpau. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia hana i kekahi manawa me ka penile inversion. Kōkua ke kiko o ka ʻōpū i ka loaʻa ʻole o kaʻiʻo penile a me nā scrotal.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia hana no nā wahine transgender i hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hormonone i ka wā ʻōpio a hōʻike ʻole ʻia i ka testosterone.

Loaʻa i kaʻiʻo Intestinal ke kōkua o ka lilo ʻana i mucosal, a no laila lubricating ponoʻī. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia hana e hana hou i nā ʻōpala no nā wahine cisgender nāna i hoʻomohala i nā ʻauwi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi atypically.

Kahulihuli penile ʻole

ʻO ka huliau non-penile kekahi i ʻike ʻia me ke ʻano Suporn (ma hope o Kauka Suporn nāna i hana iā ia) a i ʻole Chonburi Flap.

Hoʻohana kēia hana i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā kiko scrotal for the vaginal lining, a me nā kiko scrotal kikoʻī no ka labia majora (e like me ka hoʻohuli penile). Hoʻohana ʻia ka penile no ka labia minora a me ka hood clitoral.

ʻO nā kauka nāna e hoʻohana i kēia ʻano hana i ka hohonu hohonu o ka ʻōpū, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka labia o loko, a me ka maikaʻi o ka cosmetic.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana ʻo FTM / FTN lalo

ʻO Phalloplasty a me metoidioplasty nā ʻano hana ʻelua e pili ana i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi neopenis.

Hiki ke hana ʻia ʻo Scrotoplasty me nā ʻoki āpau, kahi e hoʻololi ai i ka labia nui i kahi scrotum. Pono nā implants testicular i ke kali ʻana no kahi ʻoki ukali.

ʻO Metoidioplasty

ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka Metoidioplasty ma mua o ka phalloplasty. I kēia kaʻina hana, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka clitoris i 3-8 mau kenimika e HRT, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā a puni e pili ana, a hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia e kūlike i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kahi peni.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho e hana i kahi hoʻolōʻihi urethral me kāu metoidioplasty, i ʻike ʻia he metoidioplasty piha.

Hoʻohana kēia hana i nā mea hāʻawi mai ka papalina a i ʻole ka pūnana e hoʻohui i ka urethra i nā neopenis hou, e ʻae iā ʻoe e mimi iā ʻoe e kū ana.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke alualu i kahi hana Centurion, kahi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ai nā ligament ma lalo o ka labia nui e hoʻohui i ka girth i nā neopenis. Hiki ke hana ʻia ka hemo ʻana o ka ʻōpala i kēia manawa, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i kāu mau pahuhopu.

Ma hope o kēia mau kaʻina hana, hiki i ka neopenis a mālama ʻole i kahi kūkulu iā ia iho a ʻaʻole paha e hāʻawi i ka moekolohe penetrative kūpono.

ʻO Phalloplasty

Pili ʻo Phalloplasty i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻili graft e hoʻolōʻihi i ka neopenis a i 5-8 ʻīniha. ʻO nā pūnaewele hāʻawi manawaleʻa maʻamau no ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻili ka forearm, ʻūhā, ʻōpū, a me luna o hope.

Aia nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā maikaʻi ʻole i kēlā me kēia pūnaewele hāʻawi. ʻO ka forearm a me ka ʻūhā ʻili ka hiki ke loaʻa i ka erotic sensation ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka maka maka o ka hope ka mea ʻike maka ʻole a ʻae ʻia no ka lōʻihi o ka peni.

Pili ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻūhā i nā kino i ke kino ma o ka ʻoki kino ʻana.

ʻO ka forearm a me nā pūnaewele hoʻi he "flaps manuahi" pono e hemo a hoʻohui hou ʻia ma o ka microsurgery.

Hoʻonui ʻia ka urethra ma o nā mea hāʻawi manawaleʻa mai ka pūnaewele like. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi implant penile i kahi ʻoki ukali, e hāʻawi ana i ka hiki ke mālama i kahi kūkulu piha kūpono no ka moekolohe penetrative.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka ʻoki kino lalo

Ke alakaʻi nei i lalo i kahi ʻoki lalo, makemake ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ka hemo ʻana o ka lauoho ma o ka electrolysis.

No ka vaginoplasty, e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka lauoho ma ka ʻili a laila lilo i ka uhi o ka neovagina. No ka phalloplasty, hemo ka lauoho ma ka pūnaewele o ka ʻili hāʻawi.

E koi ana kāu mea kauka iā ʻoe e hōʻoki iā HRT i ʻelua mau pule ma mua o ke kaha ʻana, a kaohi no ʻelua mau pule ma hope o ke kaha ʻana. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka lāʻau e pili ana i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe pinepine ai. E hōʻike lākou iā ʻoe inā pono ʻoe e hōʻoki i ka lawe ʻana iā lākou ma mua o ke ʻoki pū kekahi.

Pono kekahi mau kauka lapaʻau i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū ma mua o ka ʻoki ʻana o lalo.

Nā pilikia a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ke kahakaha lalo

Hiki i ka Vaginoplasty ke hopena i ka nalowale o ka sensation i kahi ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​neoclitoris āpau ma muli o ka ʻino nerve. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i kahi fistula rectovaginal, kahi pilikia nui e wehe i nā ʻōpū i loko o ka ʻōpū. Hiki pū kekahi o ka prolaps vaginal. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kēia mau pilikia āpau loa.

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hiki i ka poʻe i loaʻa kahi vaginoplasty ke ʻike i ka incontinence urinary liʻiliʻi, e like me ka ʻike ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. I nā manawa he nui, e emi ana ka incontinence ma hope o kekahi manawa.

Hāpai ka metoidioplasty piha a me ka phalloplasty i ka makaʻu o ka urethral fistula (kahi puka a wehe paha i ka urethra) a i ʻole ke koʻikoʻi urethral (kahi paʻa). Hiki ke hoʻoponopono hou ʻia i nā mea ʻelua ma o kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi muli. Hāpai pū kekahi ʻo Phalloplasty i ka makaʻu o ka hōʻole ʻana i ka ʻili hāʻawi, a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi ma ka pūnaewele hāʻawi. Me ka scrotoplasty, hiki i ke kino ke hōʻole i nā implant testicular.

ʻO ka Vaginoplasty, ka metoidioplasty, a me ka phalloplasty ke hāpai i ka makaʻu o ke kanaka me ka hopena hopena maikaʻi.

Loaʻa hou mai ke ʻoki lalo

Pono ʻekolu a ʻeono paha lā o ka haukapila e ukali ʻia ana, a ukali ʻia e kekahi mau lā he 7-10 o ka mākaukau loa o ka mālama maʻi. Ma hope o kāu kaʻina hana, manaʻo e hōʻole i ka hana a i ʻole ka hana ikaika no ʻeono pule.

Pono ʻo Vaginoplasty i kahi catheter no hoʻokahi pule. Pono ka metoidioplasty piha a me ka phalloplasty i kahi catheter a i ʻekolu mau pule, a hiki i kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka nui o kāu mimi ma o kāu urethra iā ʻoe iho.

Ma hope o ka vaginoplasty, pono ka hapanui o ka poʻe e hoʻonui pinepine no ka makahiki mua a ʻelua paha, ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi papa puka puka o nā stent paʻa paʻa. Ma hope o kēlā, lawa ka hana moekolohe penetrative no ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻokumu ka neovagina i ka microflora e like me ka maʻamau maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o nā alkaline i paʻa i ka pae PH.

Hūnā ʻia nā scars i ka lauoho pubic, ma nā pā o ka labia majora, a i ʻole hoʻōla wale nō a ʻike ʻole ʻia.