E nīnau i ka mea loea: Pehea e hoʻopili ai i ka 2 Diabetes a me ke olakino puʻuwai

Anter

• 1. He aha ka loulou ma waena o ka maʻi ʻaʻano 2 a me ke olakino puʻuwai?
• 2. He aha nā hana e hiki ai iaʻu ke hana e pale aku ai i nā pilikia o ka maʻi diabetes type 2?
• 3. He aha nā kumu ʻē aʻe e kau ai iaʻu i ka makaʻu nui no ka maʻi puʻuwai?
• 4. E nānā ke kauka i koʻu makaʻu no ka maʻi puʻuwai, a ehia mau manawa e pono ai wau e ʻike i kekahi?
• 5. He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ai nā kauka e kiaʻi ai i koʻu olakino puʻuwai?
• 6. Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i koʻu kahe koko me ka maʻi kō?
• 7. Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kaʻu kolesterol me ka maʻi kō?
• 8. Aia kekahi mau lapaʻau e hiki ai iaʻu ke mālama e pale ai i kuʻu puʻuwai?
• 9. Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona hōʻailona ke hoʻomohala nei wau i ka maʻi puʻuwai?

1. He aha ka loulou ma waena o ka maʻi ʻaʻano 2 a me ke olakino puʻuwai?

ʻO ka hui ma waena o ka maʻi maʻamau o 2 a me ke olakino puʻuwai he ʻelua pālua.

ʻO ka mea mua, pili pinepine ka maʻi diabetes 2 me nā kumu pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai. Hoʻopili pū kēia me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kōkō, a me ka momona.

ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka maʻi diabetes ponoʻī e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi puʻuwai. ʻO Atherosclerotic maʻi maʻi maʻi ke kumu nui o ka make no ka poʻe me ka maʻi kō. Hoʻopili kēia i nā hōʻeha puʻuwai, nā hahau, a me nā maʻi vipher peripheral.

Kū pinepine pinepine ka puʻuwai puʻuwai i ka poʻe e noho ana me ka maʻi kō.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo i ka calculator o ke Kulanui ʻAmelika o Cardiology e koho ai i kāu 10 mau makahiki o ka maʻi puʻuwai.

2. He aha nā hana e hiki ai iaʻu ke hana e pale aku ai i nā pilikia o ka maʻi diabetes type 2?

Pili ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai 2 me nā ʻōpikipiki microvascular a me macrovascular.

Hoʻopili nā pilikia microvascular i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia:

• retinopathy diabetic, ka mea hōʻino i nā maka
• nephropathy, kahi e hōʻino ai i nā puʻupaʻa
• neuropathy, kahi e hōʻino ai i nā aʻalolo āpau

Hoʻopili nā pilikia Macrovascular i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko nui. Hoʻonui kēia i ka makaʻu o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka hahau ʻana, a me ka maʻi maʻi ākea ākea.

ʻO ke kaohi ʻana i kāu pae kō kō e hiki ai ke hoʻēmi i kāu kūlana o nā pilikia microvascular. Pili nā pahuhopu kō kō i kou makahiki a me nā maʻi āpau. Pono ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e mālama i ka pae kō kō o 80 a i ka 130 mg / dL hoʻokē ʻai, a ma lalo o 160 mg / dL i ʻelua mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, me ka A1C ma lalo o 7.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kou makaʻi o nā pilikia macrovascular ma o ka mālama ʻana i kāu kolesterol, kaomi koko, a me ka maʻi kō. E ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka i ka aspirin a me nā loli nohona, e like me ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhipaka.

3. He aha nā kumu ʻē aʻe e kau ai iaʻu i ka makaʻu nui no ka maʻi puʻuwai?

Ma waho aʻe o ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 2, nā mea pilikia no ka maʻi puʻuwai e komo pū ana:

• makahiki
• puhipaka
• moʻolelo ʻohana o nā pilikia puʻuwai
• kahe koko kiʻekiʻe
• kolesterol kiʻekiʻe
• momona
• kiʻekiʻe o ka albumin, kahi protein i kou mimi
• maʻi maʻi maʻi paʻa

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i kekahi mau kumu pilikia, e like me ka mōʻaukala o kou ʻohana, akā hiki ke mālama ʻia nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

4. E nānā ke kauka i koʻu makaʻu no ka maʻi puʻuwai, a ehia mau manawa e pono ai wau e ʻike i kekahi?

Inā ua ʻike hou ʻia ʻoe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻano 2, ʻo kāu kauka mālama mua ka mea nāna e kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama i kāu maʻi kōkō a me nā mea pilikia i ka naʻau. Pono paha ʻoe e ʻike i kahi endocrinologist no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī.

ʻO ke alapine o nā kipa kauka he ʻokoʻa mai kēlā me kēia kanaka. Eia nō naʻe, maikaʻi ke nānā ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi i ʻelua mau manawa o ka makahiki inā kaohi maikaʻi ʻia kou ʻano. Inā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o kāu maʻi diabetes, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kāu kauka ma kahi o ʻehā mau manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Inā kānalua kāu kauka i kahi maʻi puʻuwai, pono lākou e kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi cardiologist no ka hoʻāʻo loiloi hou ʻana.

5. He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ai nā kauka e kiaʻi ai i koʻu olakino puʻuwai?

E nānā kāu kauka i kāu mau pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai ma o kāu mōʻaukala, kahi hoʻokolohua kino, nā hoʻokolohua lab, a me kahi electrocardiogram (EKG).

Inā kūleʻa kāu mau hōʻailona a hoʻomaha paha iā EKG, hiki i nā hoʻokolohua hou ke hoʻopili i kahi hoʻokolohua koʻikoʻi, echocardiogram, a i ʻole angiography coronary. Inā kānalua kāu kauka i ka maʻi vipher peripheral a i ʻole ka maʻi carotid, hoʻohana paha lākou i kahi ultrasound Doppler.

6. Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i koʻu kahe koko me ka maʻi kō?

ʻO ke kahe koko kiʻekiʻe kahi mea pilikia no ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka puʻuwai, no laila he mea nui e mālama iā ia ma lalo o ka kaohi. ʻO ka maʻamau, kau mākou i ke kaomi koko ma lalo o 140/90 no ka hapanui o ka poʻe. I kekahi mau hihia, e like me ka poʻe me ka puʻupaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi puʻuwai, hoʻopaʻa mākou ma lalo o 130/80 inā hiki ke loaʻa palekana i nā helu haʻahaʻa.

ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kou kaomi koko ka huikau o nā loli nohona a me nā lāʻau. Inā manaʻo ʻia ʻoe he overweight a momona paha, paipai ʻia ka hoʻēmi kino.

Pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i kāu papaʻai, e like me ka hāhai ʻana i ka papaʻai DASH (Dieter Approach to Stop Hypertension). Kāhea kēia papaʻai i lalo o 2.3 g o ka sodium i kēlā me kēia lā a me 8 i 10 mau lawelawe o nā hua a me nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia lā. Loaʻa iā ia nā huahana waiū momona momona.

Pono ʻoe e hōʻalo i ka inu waiʻona nui a hoʻonui i kāu pae hana.

7. Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kaʻu kolesterol me ka maʻi kō?

He mea nui kāu papaʻai i kāu pae kolesterol. Pono ʻoe e hoʻopau i ka momona a me nā momona trans, a hoʻonui i kāu ʻai ʻana i ka omega-3 fatty acid a me ka fiber.ʻElua mau papaʻai e kōkua nui no ka mālama ʻana i ka kolamu ka papaʻai DASH a me ka papaʻai Mediterranean.

He mea maikaʻi e hoʻonui i kāu pae hoʻoikaika kino pū kekahi.

No ka hapa nui, pono nā poʻe he nui me ka maʻi diabetes 2 e lawe i kahi lāʻau statin e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kā lākou kolesterol. ʻOiai me ka cholesterol maʻamau, ua hōʻike ʻia kēia mau lāʻau e hōʻemi i ka makaʻi o nā pilikia puʻuwai.

ʻO ke ʻano a me ka ikaika o ka lāʻau statin a me nā helu kolamu target e pili ana i nā kumu he nui. Hoʻopili kēia i kou mau makahiki, comorbidities, a me kāu makaʻi 10 mau makahiki i loaʻa i ka maʻi atherosclerotic vascular maʻi. Inā ʻoi aku kou makaʻu ma mua o 20 pākēneka, koi ʻoe i ka lāʻau hoʻomāinoino nui aʻe.

8. Aia kekahi mau lapaʻau e hiki ai iaʻu ke mālama e pale ai i kuʻu puʻuwai?

ʻO ka nohona olakino puʻuwai me kahi papaʻai olakino, ka pale ʻana i ka puhipaka, a me ka hoʻoikaika mau. Hoʻohui ʻia, pono e kāohi ʻia nā mea āpau o ka naʻau āpau. Hoʻopili pū kēia me ke koko, ka maʻi diabetes, a me ka cholesterol.

ʻO ka hapanui o ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 2 pono pū kekahi e lawe i ka lāʻau statin e hōʻemi i ka likelike o kahi hanana coronary. ʻO ka poʻe me ka moʻaukala o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​mea e makaʻu nui nei no ka mea he moho paha lākou no ka aspirin a i ʻole nā ​​ʻākena antiplatelet ʻē aʻe. Hoʻololi kēia mau ʻano hana i kēlā me kēia kanaka.

9. Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona hōʻailona ke hoʻomohala nei wau i ka maʻi puʻuwai?

ʻO nā hōʻailona hōʻailona no ke kū ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū i loko pū kekahi:

• hōʻoluʻolu umauma a lima paha
• pokole o ka hanu
• palpitations
• hōʻailona neurological
• pehu wāwae
• ʻeha bipi keiki
• ʻūpā
• maule ana

Minamina, i ke alo o ka maʻi diabetes, hāmau ka maʻi puʻuwai. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i kahi paʻa i loko o nā aʻa coronary me ka ʻole o ka ʻeha o ka umauma. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻo ischemia hāmau.

ʻO kēia ke kumu e kamaʻilio kūkākūkā ai i nā mea āpau o kāu puʻuwai puʻuwai he mea nui.

ʻO Kauka Maria Prelipcean kahi kauka lapaʻau i loea i ka endocrinology. Ke hana nei ʻo ia ma Southview Medical Group ma Birmingham, Alabama, ma ke ʻano he endocrinologist. I ka makahiki 1993, ua puka ʻo Kauka Prelipcean mai ke Kula Lapaʻau ʻo Carol Davila me kāna kekelē laeoʻo. I ka 2016 a me ka 2017, ua koho ʻia ʻo Kauka Prelipcean kekahi o nā kauka kiʻekiʻe ma Birmingham e ka Magazine ʻo B-Metro. I kāna mau manawa kaʻawale, hauʻoli ʻo ia i ka heluhelu, ka huakaʻi ʻana, a me ka hoʻolilo manawa ʻana me kāna mau keiki.