He aha ka mea i loli i ka 2020-2025 Papa Kuhikuhi Meaʻai no nā ʻAmelika?

Anter

• ʻO nā hoʻololi nui loa i nā alakaʻi kai 2020
• ʻEhā mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo nui
• Heluhelu i kēlā me kēia nahu
• Koho i kāu ʻōnaehana ʻai ponoʻī
• Nānā no

Ua hoʻokuʻu pū ʻia ka US Department of Agriculture (USDA) a me ka US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) i kahi papa kuhikuhi o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia ʻelima mau makahiki mai ka makahiki 1980. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma nā hōʻike ʻepekema o nā meaʻai e hoʻoikaika i ke olakino ma ka heluna nui o ka US. olakino, nā mea i makaʻu i nā maʻi e pili ana i ka papaʻai (e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai, maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā momona), a me nā mea e noho nei me kēia mau maʻi.

Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā alakaʻi ʻai meaʻai 2020-2025 ma Dekemaba 28, 2020 me kekahi mau hoʻololi nui, me nā ʻano o ka meaʻai i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma mua. Eia kahi nānā i kekahi o nā loli nui a me nā hōʻano hou i nā ʻōlelo papaʻai hou loa - e like me ka mea i like a no ke aha.

ʻO nā hoʻololi nui loa i nā alakaʻi kai 2020

No ka manawa mua 40 mau makahiki, hāʻawi ka papa kuhikuhi papaʻai i nā alakaʻi no nā papaʻai āpau o ke ola mai ka hānau ʻana a hiki i ka wā makua, e like me ka hāpai ʻana a me ka hānai ʻana o ka umauma. I kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā alakaʻi a me nā pono kikoʻī o nā pēpē a me nā kamaliʻi i piha nā makahiki 0 a 24 mau mahina, e like me ka lōʻihi i makemake ʻia e hānai waiū wale nō (ka palena iki o 6 mau mahina), i ka manawa e hoʻolauna ai i nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻāpana e hoʻolauna, a me ka ʻōlelo paipai e hoʻolauna i ka pī. -o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā meaʻai i nā pēpē me ka makaʻu nui no ka pī peanut ma waena o 4 a 6 mau mahina. Paipai pū kēia mau lula i nā meaola a me nā meaʻai e pono ai nā wahine ke ʻai i ka wā hāpai a me ka lactation i mea e kō ai nā pono o nā mea ponoʻī a me kā lākou pēpē. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, aia ka manaʻo ʻaʻole i hiki ke ʻai maikaʻi.

ʻO ka pae holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻai olakino, akā naʻe, ua like ka nui ma nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau alakaʻi - a ʻo ia ke kumu o nā kumu kumu ʻai olakino maikaʻi loa (me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā meaʻai momona a me ka kaupalena ʻana i ka ʻai nui ʻana i kekahi mau meaʻai i pili i ka maʻi a me ka ʻilihune. nā hopena olakino) kū mau ma hope o nā makahiki he umi o ka noiʻi.

ʻEhā mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo nui

ʻEhā mau meaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​​​meaʻai i loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā ʻAmelika: nā kō i hoʻohui ʻia, ka momona momona, ka sodium, a me nā mea inu ʻona. ʻO nā palena kikoʻī no kēlā me kēia e like me ka 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines penei:

• Palena i hoʻohui ʻia i nā kō i emi iho ma lalo o 10 pakeneka o nā calorie i kēlā lā i kēia lā no kēlā me kēia makahiki 2 a ʻoi aʻe a pale aku i nā kō i hoʻohui ʻia no nā pēpē a me nā kamaliʻi.
• E kaupalena i ka momona momona i lalo o 10 pakeneka o nā calorie i kēlā me kēia lā e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 2 makahiki. (Pili: Alakaʻi i ka maikaʻi vs. Bad Fats)
• Palena palena i ka sodium i lalo o 2,300 milligrams i kēlā me kēia lā e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 2. Ua like ia me hoʻokahi teaspoon o ka paʻakai.
• Ka palena i nā mea inu ʻona, inā e hoʻopau ʻia, i 2 mau inu i kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole emi no nā kāne a me 1 inu i kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole emi no nā wahine. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kahi ʻāpana inu e like me 5 mau auneke inu o ka waina, 12 auneke wai o ka pia, a i ʻole 1.5 mau auneke wai o 80-proof lama e like me vodka a i ʻole lama.

Ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o kēia mea hou, aia kahi kamaʻilio e hoʻoliʻiliʻi hou i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka mea i hoʻohui ʻia ke kō a me nā mea inu ʻona. Ma mua o kekahi hoʻoponopono, kahi kōmike o nā meaʻai ʻokoʻa a me nā loea lapaʻau e loiloi i ka noiʻi a me nā hōʻike i kēia manawa e pili ana i ka meaʻai a me ke olakino (e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻikepili ʻike, nā loiloi ʻōnaehana, a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ʻano meaʻai) a hoʻokuʻu i kahi hōʻike. (I kēia hihia, ʻo ka Scientific Report o ke Kōmike aʻoaʻo aʻoaʻo alakaʻi 2020.) Hana kēia hōʻike ma ke ʻano he ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo loea nui, e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūʻokoʻa ʻepekema i ke aupuni no ka mea kōkua ia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka puke hou o nā kulekele.

ʻO ka hōʻike hou loa a ke komite, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i Iulai 2020, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e ʻoki i ke kō i hoʻohui ʻia i 6 pakeneka o ka nui o nā calorie a e ʻoki i ka palena kiʻekiʻe o nā mea inu ʻona no nā kāne a hiki i ka 1 kiʻekiʻe i ka lā; akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka hōʻike hou i loiloi ʻia mai ka hoʻopuka 2015-2020 e kākoʻo i nā loli i kēia mau kuhikuhi kikoʻī. E like me ia, ua like nā kulekele ʻehā i helu ʻia ma luna e like me ia no nā papa kuhikuhi papaʻai mua i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka makahiki 2015. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻākoakoa nā ʻAmelika i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo aʻe i luna a ua hoʻopili ka noiʻi me ka nui o ka inu rama, hoʻohui ʻia ke kō, sodium, a me ka momona momona i nā hopena olakino like ʻole, e like me ka maʻi diabetes type 2, ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka momona, a me ke kanesa, e like me ka noiʻi.

Heluhelu i kēlā me kēia nahu

ʻO nā alakaʻi hou loa i komo pū me kahi kāhea e hana: "E helu i kēlā me kēia Bite me nā alakaʻi alakaʻi ʻai." ʻO ka pahuhopu e paipai i ka poʻe e nānā i ke koho ʻana i nā meaʻai olakino a me nā mea inu e waiwai i nā mea momona, ʻoiai e noho ana i loko o kā lākou palena palena manawa. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi ʻo ka helu awelika o nā helu ʻAmelika he 59 mai ka 100 ma ka Healthy Eating Index (HEI), e ana ana i ka pili pono o ka papaʻai me nā papa kuhikuhi papaʻai, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole kaulike maikaʻi ʻia me kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. Hōʻike ka noiʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu HEI i loaʻa iā ʻoe, ʻo ka manawa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kou olakino.

ʻO ia ke kumu o ka koho ʻana i nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu e waiwai i nā mea momona pono ke koho mua, a me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo mai ka "lawe ʻana i nā meaʻai maikaʻi ʻole" i "me nā meaʻai momona hoʻi" hiki ke kōkua i ka poʻe e hana i kēia loli. Paipai nā kulekele papaʻai i 85 pakeneka o nā calorie āu e ʻai ai i kēlā me kēia lā e hele mai nā meaʻai momona, ʻoiai he hapa liʻiliʻi o nā calori (ma kahi o 15 pākēneka), i waiho ʻia no nā kō i hoʻohui ʻia, momona momona, a, (inā e pau ʻia) ʻalekohola. (E pili ana: ʻO ke kānāwai 80/20 ke kumu gula o ke kaulike ʻai?)

Koho i kāu ʻōnaehana ʻai ponoʻī

ʻAʻole pili nā alakaʻi meaʻai i kahi meaʻai "maikaʻi" a ʻo kekahi "ʻino." ʻAʻole ia e nānā i ka pehea e hoʻonui ai i hoʻokahi ʻai a i hoʻokahi lā i ka manawa hoʻokahi; akā, pili ia pehea e hoʻohui ai i nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu i loko o kou ola ma ke ʻano he maʻa mau i hōʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi i ka hopena nui loa i kou olakino.

Hoʻohui, nā makemake pilikino, nā moʻomeheu moʻomeheu, a me nā moʻohelu kālā āpau i ke ʻano o kāu koho ʻana e ʻai. Paipai pono nā kulekele papaʻai i nā pūʻulu meaʻai - ʻaʻole i nā meaʻai kikoʻī a me nā mea inu - e hōʻalo ai i ke kuhikuhi ʻana. Hāʻawi kēia papahana i ka poʻe e hana i nā alakaʻi papaʻai ponoʻī no lākou iho ma ke koho ʻana i nā meaʻai, nā mea inu, a me nā meaʻai māmā e kū ai i ko lākou mau pono ponoʻī a me nā makemake.

Nānā no