Hōʻike Pap

Nānā ka hōʻike Pap no ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervier. Nānā ʻia nā keena i ʻānai ʻia mai ka wehe ʻana o ka cervix ma lalo o kahi microscope. ʻO ka cervix ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka kōpū (ʻōpū) e wehe ana ma ka piko o ka lua.

Kāhea ʻia kēia hōʻike i kekahi manawa he Pap smear.

Moe ʻoe i ka papa ʻaina a kau i kou mau wāwae i ka ʻūpā. Hoʻokomo mālie kāu mea mālama ola i kahi mea kani i kapa ʻia he speculum i loko o ka ʻōpala e wehe iki ia. ʻAe kēia i ka mea hāʻawi e ʻike i loko o ka ʻōpū a me ka cervix.

Hoʻopili mālie ʻia nā cell mai nā wahi o ka cervix. Hoʻouna ʻia kahi laʻana o nā hunaola i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.

E haʻi i kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i nā lāʻau āpau āu e lawe nei. Hoʻopili paha kekahi mau pilina hoʻomalu hānau i loko o ka estrogen a i ʻole progestin paha i nā hopena hōʻike.

E haʻi pū i kāu mea hāʻawi inā ʻoe:

• Ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hōʻike Pap ʻole ʻole
• E hāpai paha

Mai hana i ka mea aʻe no 24 mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

• Douche (ʻaʻole pono e hana ʻia ke douching)
• Loaʻa ka launa
• E hoʻohana i nā tampons

E hoʻāʻo ʻaʻole e hoʻonohonoho i kāu hōʻike Pap i ka wā o kou wā (ke menstruating). Hoʻomaopopo paha ke kō i nā hualoaʻa hōʻike Pap. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kahe koko ʻole ʻia, mai hoʻopau i kāu hōʻike. E hoʻoholo kāu mea hāʻawi inā hiki ke hana i ka hoʻāʻo Pap.

Empty i kou bladder ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo.

Hoʻomaopopo iki kahi hōʻike Pap i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole o ka hapa nui o nā wahine. Hiki iā ia ke kumu i kekahi mau pilikia, e like me ke kuʻina menstrual. E ʻike paha ʻoe i kekahi kaomi i ka wā o ka hōʻike.

E kahe iki paha ʻoe ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo Pap kahi hōʻike hōʻike hōʻike no ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervier. Hiki ke ʻike koke ʻia ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻōpū inā loaʻa i nā wahine nā hōʻike Pap maʻamau.

E hoʻomaka ka loiloi i ka makahiki 21.

Ma hope o ka hōʻike mua:

• Pono ʻoe i kahi hōʻike Pap i kēlā me kēia 3 mau makahiki e nānā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervier.
• Inā ʻoi aku ʻoe i ka makahiki 30 a loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi hoʻokolohua HPV i hana ʻia, a he maʻamau nā hōʻike Pap a me nā hōʻike HPV, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo i kēlā me kēia 5 mau makahiki. ʻO ka HPV (human papillomavirus) he mea hoʻomaʻi ke kumu o nā warts genital a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa cervix.
• Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā wahine ke hoʻōki i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻike Pap ma hope o ka makahiki 65 a 70 i ka wā i loaʻa iā lākou nā hoʻokolohua maikaʻi ʻole 3 i loko o 10 mau makahiki i hala.

ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e pono e loaʻa kahi hōʻike Pap inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hysterectomy āpau (uterus a me ka cervix i hoʻoneʻe ʻia) a ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi hōʻike Pap maʻamau ʻole, maʻi ʻaʻai ʻeha, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi maʻi pelvic. Kūkākūkā i kēia me kāu mea hāʻawi.

ʻO kahi hopena maʻamau, ʻaʻohe o nā hunaola ʻē aʻe i loaʻa. ʻAʻole 100% pololei ka hōʻike Pap. E hala paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix i loko o kekahi mau helu liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa, ulu lohi ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻa ʻeha, a pono nā hoʻokolohua Pap ukali e ʻike i nā loli i ka manawa no ka mālama ʻana.

Hoʻohui ʻia nā hopena maʻamau e like me kēia:

ASCUS a i ʻole AGUS:

• ʻO ke kumu o kēia hopena aia nā hunaola atypical, akā ʻaʻole maopopo ʻole a maopopo ʻole ke ʻano o kēia mau loli.
• Ma muli paha o ka HPV nā hoʻololi.
• Pili paha lākou i ka mumū o ke kumu i ʻike ʻole ʻia.
• Loaʻa paha lākou no ka nele o ka estrogen e like me ka hanana i ka menopause.
  
• Hiki paha iā lākou ke manaʻo he loli paha e hiki ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Hiki i kēia mau keena ke lilo i precancerous a hiki mai lākou i waho o ka cervix a i ʻole i loko o ka kōpū.

LOW-GRADE DYSPLASIA (LSIL) A i ʻole DYSPLASIA kiʻekiʻe-papa (HSIL):

• ʻO kēia ke ʻano o nā loli e alakaʻi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• ʻOi aku ka makaʻu o ka holomua ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical me HSIL.

CARCINOMA MA SITU (CIS):

• ʻO ke kumu o kēia hopena pinepine ʻana i nā loli maʻamau e alakaʻi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia

KEKAHI MEA PONO (ATC):

• Ua loaʻa nā loli maʻamau a HSL paha

KEKAHI GLANDULAR ATYPICAL (AGC):

• ʻO nā loli o ke kelepona e hiki ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka aʻa cervix a i loko paha o ka kōpū.

Ke hōʻike nei kahi hōʻike Pap i nā loli maʻamau, pono ka hoʻokolohua hou a me ka ukali. ʻO ka hopena hou e pili ana i nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo Pap, kāu mōʻaukala mua o nā hoʻokolohua Pap, a me nā mea pilikia e loaʻa iā ʻoe no ka maʻi ʻaʻa cervix.

No nā hoʻololi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, e paipai nā mea hoʻolako i kahi hōʻike Pap hou a i ʻole e hōʻike hou i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o HPV i 6 a 12 mau mahina.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana paha i loko:

• ʻO Biopsy i kuhikuhi ʻia e Colposcopy - ʻO Colposcopy kahi hana e hoʻonui ʻia ai ka cervix me kahi binocular e like me ka mea hana i kapa ʻia he colposcope. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia nā biopsies liʻiliʻi i kēia kaʻina hana e hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka pilikia.
• ʻO kahi hoʻāʻo HPV e nānā ai i ke kū ʻana o nā ʻano maʻi hoʻomaʻemaʻe HPV i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• ʻO ka cryosurgery Cervix.
• Cone biopsy.

Hōʻike Papanicolaou; Pap smear; ʻO ka loiloi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical - Hōʻikeʻike Pap; ʻO nā neoplasia intraepithelial cerviera - Pap; CIN - Pap; Hoʻololi precancerous o ka cervix - Pap; Ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical - Pap; Liona intraepithelial squamous - Pap; LSIL - Pap; HSIL - Pap; Papaha haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa; Pap papa kiʻekiʻe; Carcinoma ma situ - Pap; CIS - Pap; ASCUS - Pap; Nā hunaola glandular hui ʻole - Pap; AGUS - Pap; Nā hunaola squamous ʻāpiki - Pap; HPV - Pap; Virus papilloma kanaka - Pap cervix - Pap; Colposcopy - Pap

• Anatomia hānau wahine
• Pāpaʻi pap
• Uterus
• Holo ʻino ʻiwi

Ke KulanuiʻAmelika o nā Obstetricians a me nā Gynecologists. Hoʻomaopopo bulletin no. 140: ka mālama ʻana i nā hopena hōʻoia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical maʻamau a me nā precursors cancer cancer. (Hoʻopaʻa hou 2018) ʻO Obstet Gynecol. 2013; 122 (6): 1338-1367. PMID: 24264713 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24264713/.

Ke KulanuiʻAmelika o nā Obstetricians a me nā Gynecologists. Hoʻomaopopo bulletin no. 157: ka loiloi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical a me ka pale ʻana. ʻO Obstet Gynecol. 2016; 127 (1): e1-e20. PMID: 26695583 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26695583/.

Ke Kulanui ʻAmelika o nā Obstetricians a me ka pūnaewele Gynecologists. Aʻoaʻo aʻo: hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi ʻaʻai cerviera (update). ʻAukake 29, 2018. www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Practice-Scoreies/Practice-Advisory-Cervical-Cancer-Screening-Update. Paʻi ʻia ʻAukake 29, 2018. Hoʻopaʻa hou Nowemapa 8, 2019. Loaʻa iā Malaki 17, 2020.

Newkirk GR. Pap smear a me nā ʻenehana e pili ana no ka loiloi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical. I: Fowler GC, hoʻoponopono. ʻO Pfenninger a me Fowler's Procedures no ka mālama mua. ʻEhā ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 120.

MP Salcedo, Baker ES, Schmeler KM. ʻO nā neoplasia Intraepithelial o nā ʻōnaehana liʻiliʻi o lalo (cervix, vagina, vulva): etiology, kānana, ʻike, hoʻokele I: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. Gynecology Comprehensive. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 28.

Saslow D, Solomon D, Lawson HW, et al. ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻAmelika, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no Colposcopy a me Cerology Pathology, a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no nā Clinical Pathology screening guidance no ka pale ʻana a me ka loaʻa mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical. ʻO CA Cancer J Clin. 2012; 62 (3): 147-172. PMID: 22422631 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22422631.

Pūnaewele Hana Hana Hana Preventive US. ʻ recommendationlelo aʻoaʻo hope loa. Ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical: kānana. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cervical-cancer-screening. Hoʻohou i ʻAukake 21, 2018. Loaʻa iā Ianuali 22, 2020.