Pākuʻi Sputum Gram

ʻO kahi stutum Gram stain kahi hōʻike hoʻokolohua i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike i nā koʻohune i kahi hāpana sputum. ʻO Sputum kahi mea e piʻi aʻe mai kāu mau ea i ka wā e huʻu hohonu ʻoe.

ʻO ke ʻano stain Gram kekahi o nā hana i hoʻohana mau ʻia e ʻike wikiwiki ai i ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻa, me ka maʻi pulmonia.

Pono kahi laulau sputum.

• E noi ʻia ʻoe e moe hohonu a kuha i kekahi mea i hiki mai i kou māmā (sputum) i loko o kahi pahu kūikawā.
• Nonoi ʻia paha ʻoe e hanu i ka ohu o ka māhu paʻakai. Hana kēia iā ʻoe e hou hou i ka hohonu a hana i ka sputum.
• Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hana i ka sputum i lawa, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi hana i kapa ʻia ʻo bronchoscopy.
• I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka pololei, hana ʻia kēia hōʻike i kekahi manawa i nā manawa 3, pinepine 3 mau lā i ka lālani.

Hoʻouna ʻia ka laʻana i kahi lab. Hoʻonoho kahi lālā o ka hui Lab i kahi ʻāpana lahilahi o ka hāpana ma luna o kahi kiʻi aniani. Kapa ʻia kēia he smear. Kau ʻia nā stains ma ka laʻana. Nānā ka lālā o ka hui lab i ka paheʻe i hoʻohaumia ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope, e nānā ana no nā koʻohune a me nā hunaola keʻokeʻo. Kōkua ke kala, ka nui, a me ke kinona o nā hunaola i ke ʻano o ka bacteria.

ʻO ka inu ʻana i nā wai i ka pō ma mua o ka hōʻike e kōkua i kāu mau māmā e hana i ka phlegm. Hana ia i ka hoʻāʻo ʻoi aku ka pololei inā hana ʻia i ka mea mua i ke kakahiaka.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi bronchoscopy, e hāhai i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ke kaʻina hana.

ʻAʻohe discomfort, ke ʻole pono e hoʻokō ʻia kahi bronchoscopy.

E kauoha paha kāu mea mālama mālama ola i kēia hoʻāʻo inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka uha hoʻomau a hoʻolōʻihi paha, a inā ʻoe e ʻūlū ʻana i nā mea ʻala ʻaʻala a ʻokoʻa ke kala. E hana ʻia paha ka hōʻike inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi hanu a maʻi paha.

ʻO ka hopena maʻamau ke ʻano he kakaikahi a ʻaʻohe o nā hunaola keokeo a ʻaʻohe bacteria i ʻike ʻia i ka hāpana. Maʻemaʻe ka lahilahi, lahilahi, a ʻaʻohe pilau.

ʻO kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole e ʻike ʻia ka bacteria ma ka hōʻike hōʻike. Loaʻa paha ʻoe i ka maʻi bacteria. Pono kahi moʻomeheu e hōʻoia i ka ʻike.

ʻAʻohe pilikia, ke ʻole e hoʻokō ʻia ka bronchoscopy.

Pākuʻi Gram o ka sputum

• Hōʻike sputum

ʻO Beavis KG, Charnot-Katsikas A. hōʻiliʻili a me ka lawelawe ʻana i ka ʻike no nā maʻi maʻi. I: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, hua. ʻO kā Henry's Clinical Diagnosis a me Management e nā Laboratory Methods. 23rd Ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 64.

ʻO Torres A, Menendez R, Wunderink RG. ʻO ka maʻi pneumonia bacterial a me ka abscess I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 33.