Hōʻoia i ka mimi mimiki

Kuhi kahi mimi hoʻowalewale i ka hiki i nā puʻupaʻa e mālama a hoʻohemo paha i ka wai.

No kēia hoʻāʻo, ana ʻia ka umekaumaha kikoʻī o ka mimi, nā electrolytes mimi, a me / a i ʻole osmolality mimi ma mua a ma hope o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻouka wai. Ke inu nei i ka nui o ka wai a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o nā wai ma o kahi aa.
• Ka hoʻonele wai. Ka inu ʻole ʻana i nā wai no kekahi manawa.
• ʻOihana ADH. Loaʻa i ka hormone antidiuretic (ADH), kahi e hoʻonā ai i ka mimi.

Ma hope o kou hāʻawi ʻana i kahi mimi, hoʻāʻo koke ʻia ia. No ka umekaumaha kikoʻī, hoʻohana ka mea mālama ola i kahi dipstick i hana ʻia me kahi pale kala. Hoʻololi ke kala dipstick a haʻi i ka mea hāʻawi i ka umekaumaha kikoʻī o kou mimi. Hāʻawi ka hōʻike dipstick i kahi hopena paʻakikī. No ka hopena o ka umekaumaha kikoʻī kikoʻī a ana paha o nā electrolytes mimi a i ʻole osmolality, e hoʻouna kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu hāpana mimi i kahi lab.

Inā pono, e noi kāu mea lawelawe iā ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i kou mimi ma ka home ma mua o 24 mau hola. E haʻi aku kāu mea hāʻawi iā ʻoe pehea e hana ai i kēia. E hahai pololei i nā ʻōkuhi.

ʻAi i kahi papaʻai maʻamau, kaulike no nā lā he nui ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo. E hāʻawi kāu mea hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻouka wai a i ʻole ka hoʻonele wai.

E noi ana kāu mea lawelawe iā ʻoe e hoʻopau iā ʻoe i kekahi manawa i nā lāʻau i hiki ke hoʻololi i nā hopena hōʻike. E pono e haʻi aku i kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i nā lāʻau āpau āu e lawe ai, e like me ka dextran a me ka sucrose. Mai hōʻoki i ka lawe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau i mua o ke kamaʻilio ʻana i kāu mea hāʻawi.

E haʻi pū aku i kāu mea hāʻawi inā ua loaʻa koke iā ʻoe ke kala intravenous (medium medium) no kahi hōʻike kiʻi e like me kahi scan CT a MRI paha. Hiki i ke kala ke hoʻololi i nā hopena hōʻike.

Hoʻopili wale ka hōʻike i ka urination maʻamau wale nō. ʻAʻohe pilikia.

Hana pinepine ʻia kēia hōʻike inā manaʻo kāu kauka he insipidus diabetes waenakonu. Hiki i ka hōʻoia ke kōkua i ka haʻi ʻana i kēlā maʻi mai ka nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

E hana ʻia paha kēia hōʻike inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi o ADH kūpono ʻole (SIADH).

Ma ke ʻano laulā, nā waiwai maʻamau no ka umekaumaha kikoʻī penei:

• 1.005 a 1.030 (ka umekaumaha kikoʻī maʻamau)
• 1.001 ma hope o ka inu ʻana i ka nui o ka wai
• Ma mua o 1.030 ma hope o ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā wai
• Kūleʻa ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ADH

Hiki ke loli iki nā pae waiwai maʻamau i waena o nā hale hana ʻokoʻa. Hoʻohana kekahi mau labs i nā ana like ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻāʻo i nā laʻana like ʻole. E kamaʻilio i kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ke ʻano o kāu mau hopena hōʻike.

Hoʻonui ʻia paha ka nui o ka mimi ma muli o nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me:

• Hewa puʻuwai
• Loaʻa ka wai o ke kino (make wai) mai ka palahī a i ʻole ka sweating nui
• Pahu o ke aʻa puʻuwai (renal arterial stenosis)
• Kōpaʻa, a i ʻole glucose, i ka mimi
• Syndrome o ke kūpono o ka hunaone antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
• ʻO ka luaʻi

Hōʻike ka emi o ka mimiki i:

• Insipidus diabetes
• Ke inu nui nei i ka wai
• Nā hōʻino kīwī (nalo o ka hiki ke reabsorb wai)
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻino nui (pyelonephritis)

ʻAʻohe pilikia me kēia hōʻike.

Hōʻoia hoʻouka wai; Hōʻike hoʻonele wai

• Hōʻoia i ka mimi mimiki
• ʻĀpana mimi wahine
• ʻĀpana mimi kāne

Fogazzi GB, Garigali G. Urinalysis. I: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, eds. Nā Nephrology Haumāna piha. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 4.

ʻO Riley RS, ʻo McPherson RA. Ninaninau maʻamau o ka mimi. I: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, hua. ʻO kā Henry's Clinical Diagnosis a me Management e nā Laboratory Methods. 23rd Ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 28.