Hōʻike ʻike kala

Hōʻoia kahi hōʻoia hiʻona kala i kou hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā kala like ʻole.

E noho ʻoe i kahi kūlana ʻoluʻolu i nā kukui maʻamau. E wehewehe ka mea mālama ola i ka hōʻoia iā ʻoe.

E hōʻike ʻia ʻoe i mau kāleka me nā lau kiko kiko. Kapa ʻia kēia mau kāleka ʻo nā pā ʻo Ishihara. I nā lauana, e ʻike ʻia kekahi o nā kiko e hana i nā helu a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona. E noi ʻia ʻoe e ʻike i nā hōʻailona, ​​inā hiki.

Ke uhi nei ʻoe i hoʻokahi maka, e paʻa ka mea hoʻāʻo i nā kāleka he 14 ʻīniha (35 mau kenimika) mai kou alo a e nīnau iā ʻoe e ʻike koke i ka hōʻailona i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lau kala.

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka pilikia i manaʻo ʻia, e noi ʻia paha ʻoe e hoʻoholo i ka nui o ke kala, i ka maka o ka maka i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kekahi. Hōʻaʻo pinepine ʻia kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pāpale o kahi ʻōmole eyedrop ʻulaʻula.

Inā hana ʻia kāu keiki i kēia hoʻokolohua, kōkua paha ia i ka wehewehe ʻana i ka hopena o ka hoʻāʻo, a hoʻomaʻamaʻa a hōʻike paha i kahi pēpē. ʻAʻole e hopohopo kāu keiki e pili ana i ka hōʻike inā wehewehe ʻoe i ka mea e hiki mai ana a me ke kumu.

ʻO ka maʻamau aia kahi kāleka laʻana o nā kiko kala like ʻole i hiki i nā mea āpau ke hoʻomaopopo, ʻo ka poʻe me nā pilikia ʻike maka.

Inā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki i nā aniani maʻamau, e hoʻokomo iā lākou i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo.

E noi ʻia paha nā keiki liʻiliʻi e haʻi i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi pāpale ʻōmole ʻulaʻula a me nā pāpale o kekahi kala ʻokoʻa.

Ua like ka hoʻāʻo me ka hōʻike hihiʻo.

Hana ʻia kēia hōʻike e hoʻoholo inā he pilikia paha kāu me kāu ʻike kala.

Hāʻule pinepine nā pilikia ʻike kala i ʻelua mau ʻāpana:

• I kēia manawa mai ka hānau hānau (congenital) pilikia i nā hunaola mālamalama (cones) o ka retina (ka papa mālamalama ma hope o ka maka) - hoʻohana ʻia nā kāleka kala i kēia hihia.
• Nā maʻi o ke aʻalolo optic (ke aʻalolo e lawe i ka ʻike ʻike mai ka maka a ka lolo) - hoʻohana ʻia nā pāpale ʻōmole i kēia hihia.

ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā kala āpau.

Hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke hoʻoholo i kēia mau pilikia ma hope o ka hānau ʻana (mai ka hānau ʻana).

• Achromatopsia - makapō waihoʻoluʻu piha, ʻike wale ʻana i nā aka o ka hina
• ʻO Deuteranopia - ka paʻakikī e haʻi i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ʻulaʻula / poni a me ʻōmaʻomaʻo / poni
• Protanopia - ka paʻakikī e haʻi i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka polū / ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka ʻulaʻula / ʻōmaʻomaʻo
• Tritanopia - ka paʻakikī e haʻi i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o melemele / ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka uliuli / ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Hiki i nā pilikia i ke aʻalolo optic ke hōʻike aʻe ma ke ʻano he nalo ʻana o ka ikaika o ke kala, ʻoiai he maʻamau paha ka hōʻike kāleka kala.

ʻAʻohe pilikia me kēia hōʻike.

Hōʻike maka - kala; Hōʻoia hihiʻo - kala; ʻO ka hoʻāʻo hihio ʻokoʻa Ishihara

• Nā hoʻāʻo makapō waihoʻoluʻu

ʻO Bowling B. Hereditary fundus dystrophies. I: ʻO Bowling B, ed. ʻO Ophthalmology Clinical Clinical. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 15.

Feder RS, Olsen TW, Prum BE Jr, et al. ʻO nā loiloi loiloi mākua mākua laulā makemake i nā ʻōkuhi kumu hana. Ophthalmology. 2016; 123 (1): 209-236. PMID: 26581558 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26581558.

Wallace DK, Morse CL, Melia M, et al; American Academy of Ophthalmology Preferred Practice kumu Pediatric Ophthalmology / Strabismus Panel. ʻO nā loiloi maka Pediatric Pre Preferred Practice kumu hoʻohālikelike: I. ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻike ma ka mālama mua a me ka hoʻonohonoho kaiāulu; II. ninaninau ophthalmic ākea. Ophthalmology. 2018; 125 (1): 184-227. PMID: 29108745 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29108745.