Lilo i ka ʻaʻa mākala

ʻO ka nalowale ʻana o ka mākala ke hana ʻole kahi mākala a neʻe maʻamau. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo olakino no ka nalo ʻana o ka hana muscle ka maʻi lōlō.

Loaʻa paha ka nalowale o ka hana muscle e:

• ʻO kahi maʻi o ka mākala iho (myopathy)
• ʻO kahi maʻi o kahi e hui ai ka mākala a me ke aʻalolo (neuromuscular junction)
• ʻO kahi maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana: ʻinoʻino o ke aʻalolo (neuropathy), ʻeha o ke kuamoʻo (myelopathy), a i ʻole ka poino o ka lolo (hahau a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka lolo)

Hiki ke koʻikoʻi ka nalo ʻana o ka hana maʻa ma hope o kēia mau ʻano hanana. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻi ka ikaika o ka mākala, ʻoiai me ka lāʻau.

Paralysis hiki ke manawa a mau paha. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi (localized a focal paha) a ākea paha (laulaha). Hoʻopili paha ia i kekahi ʻaoʻao (unilateral) a i ʻole nā ​​ʻaoʻao ʻelua (ʻelua ʻaoʻao).

Inā pili ka paralysis i ka hapalua o ke kino a me nā wāwae ʻelua i kapa ʻia ʻo paraplegia. Inā pili ia i nā lima a me nā wāwae ʻelua, kapa ʻia ia ʻo quadriplegia. Inā pili ka lōlō i nā mākala e hana i ka hanu, he mea hoʻoweliweli koke ia i ke ola.

ʻO nā maʻi o nā mākala e lilo ai ka hopena o ka hana muscle me:

• Myopathy pili i ka waiʻona
• Myopathies hānau (ʻo ka manawa pinepine ma muli o kahi maʻi genetical)
• Dermatomyositis a me polymyositis
• Myopathy i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau (statins, steroid)
• Hoʻoiho muscular

ʻO nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo e lilo ai ka nalo ʻana o ka muscle i:

• ʻO Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, a i ʻole maʻi Lou Gehrig)
• Pāleo Bell
• Botulism
• ʻO Guillain-Barré Syndrome
• Myasthenia gravis a i ʻole Lambert-Eaton Syndrome
• Neuropathy
• Lāʻau ʻino palaka
• Lumpia manawa
• ʻEha nerve koʻikoʻi
• Polio
• ʻEha ʻiwi a ʻeha paha o ka lolo
• Hahau

ʻO ka lilo koke o ka hana muscle kahi pilikia olakino. E kiʻi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

Ma hope o kou loaʻa ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e ʻōlelo paha kāu mea mālama ola i kekahi o kēia mau hana.

• E hāhai i kāu lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia.
• Inā hōʻino nā aʻalolo i kou alo a poʻo paha, pilikia paha ʻoe i ka nau ʻana a me ka ale ʻana a i ʻole ke pani ʻana i kou mau maka. I kēia mau hihia, koi ʻia kahi papaʻai palupalu. Pono ʻoe i kekahi ʻano pale o ka maka, e like me ka palolo ma luna o ka maka ʻoiai ʻoe e hiamoe ana.
• Hiki i ka neʻe lōʻihi ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. Hoʻololi pinepine i nā kūlana a mālama i kou ʻili. Hiki ke kōkua i nā hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka pae i ka mālama ʻana i ke kani o nā mākala.
• Hiki i nā pale ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā kuʻikuʻi mākala, kahi ʻano e hoʻopōkole mau ʻia ai kahi mākala.

Pono ka lolo palaka i ka noʻonoʻo koke. Inā ʻoe e ʻike i ka nāwaliwali ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia me kahi mākala, e kiʻi koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

E hana ke kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nīnau i nā nīnau e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala a me nā ʻōuli, e like me:

Kahi:

• He aha nā ʻāpana o kou kino e hoʻopili ʻia?
• Hoʻopili ia i kekahi a i ʻole ʻelua ʻaoʻao o kou kino?
• Ua hoʻomohala ʻia i kahi hiʻohiʻona luna a i lalo (e iho ana i ka maʻi lōlō), a i ʻole kumu i lalo-i-luna (piʻi i ka maʻi lōlō)?
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka paʻakikī e hele i waho o kahi noho a piʻi piʻi paha i ke alapiʻi?
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi paʻakikī e hāpai i kou lima ma luna o kou poʻo?
• Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi pilikia e hoʻolōʻihi a hāpai paha i kou pulimaʻu (kulu lima)?
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka paʻakikī e hopu (hopu)?

Nā Hōʻailona:

• He ʻeha kou?
• Loaʻa paha ʻoe i ka numbness, tingling, a i ʻole ka nalo ʻana o ka naʻau?
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka paʻakikī e kaohi i kāu ʻōpū a i ʻole kou ʻōpū?
• He pōkole kou hanu?
• He aha nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe āu?

Kumu manawa:

• Hana pinepine ʻia nā paukū (hana hou)?
• Pehea ka lōʻihi o ko lākou lōʻihi?
• Ke hele nei a ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka hana muscle (holomua)?
• Ke holo lohi nei a i ʻole ka wikiwiki paha?
• Ua hele a mānoanoa i loko o ka hala o ka lā?

Nā mea hoʻonāukiuki a me nā mea hōʻoluʻolu:

• He aha, inā he mea, e hoʻonui ai i ka lōlō?
• E māhuahua paha ia ma hope o kou lawe ʻana i nā mea pāhare potassium a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau ʻē aʻe?
• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma hope o kou hoʻomaha?

Nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia ai paha:

• Nā aʻo ʻana o ke koko (e like me CBC, ʻokoʻa ke keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo, nā pae kemika o ke koko, a i ʻole nā ​​pae enzyme muscle)
• CT scan o ke poʻo a i ʻole ke kuamoʻo
• MRI o ke poʻo a iwi kuala
• Lumbar puncture (iwi kuamoʻo tap)
• Musical or nerve biopsy
• Myelography
• Nā haʻawina conduction nerve a me ka electromyography

Hiki ke koi ʻia i ka hānai hānai a hānai ʻana paha i nā paipu i nā hihia koʻikoʻi. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ka lāʻau hoʻoikaika kino, ka hana ʻoihana, a i ʻole ka haʻiʻōlelo.

Paralysis; Paresis; Lilo o ka neʻe ʻana; Hana ʻino Motor

• Nā mākala mua ma mua
• Nā mākala mua hohonu
• Tendons a me nā mākala
• Nā mākala wāwae lalo

ʻO Evoli A, ʻo Vincent A. Nā maʻi o ka lawe neuromuscular. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 394.

Selcen D. Nā maʻi maʻi. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 393.

ʻO Warner WC, Sawyer JR. Nā maʻi Neuromuscular. I: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Canale ST, hua. ʻO Campbell's Operative Orthopedics. 13th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 35.