ʻO nā noho ʻeleʻele a i ʻole hoʻomaha

ʻO nā noho ʻeleʻele a i ʻole hoʻoluhi me ka pilau ʻaʻala kahi hōʻailona o kahi pilikia i ka ʻaoʻao digestive o luna. Hōʻike pinepine ia aia ke kahe ʻana i ka ʻōpū, ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke kolona.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo melena e wehewehe i kēia loaʻa.

ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā laikini ʻeleʻele, blueberry, sausage koko a i ʻole lawe ʻana i nā pila hao, hoʻāhu i nā lanahu, a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau i loaʻa i ka bismuth (e like me Pepto-Bismol), hiki ke hana i nā noho ʻeleʻele. ʻO nā beets a me nā meaʻai me ka pena ʻulaʻula hiki i kekahi manawa ke hōʻike i nā noho ʻulaʻula. I kēia mau hihia āpau, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻāʻo i ka pahu me kahi kemika e kāpae i ke kū ʻana o ke koko.

ʻO ke kahe ʻana i ka esophagus a i ʻole ka ʻōpū (e like me ka maʻi peptic ulcer) hiki iā ʻoe ke luaʻi i ke koko.

Hiki i ke kala o ke koko i nā ʻōkuhi ke hōʻike i ke kumu o ke kahe ʻana.

• Ma muli o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o ka GI (gastrointestinal) e like me ka esophagus, ʻōpū, a me ka ʻāpana mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. I kēia hihia, ʻeleʻele ke koko no ka mea ua ʻānai ʻia i ke ala ma o ka GI tract.
• ʻO ke koko ʻulaʻula a hou paha i loko o nā noho (kahe o ke kahe), he hōʻailona ia o ke kahe ʻana mai ke kahawai GI haʻahaʻa (ka pololei a me ka anus).

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi peptic ka kumu pinepine o ke kahe ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe GI. Hiki i nā noho ʻeleʻele a lōʻihi hoʻi ma muli o:

• Nā kīʻaha koko maʻamau
• He waimaka i ka esophagus mai ka luaʻi ikaika (Mallory-Weiss waimaka)
• Ke ʻoki ʻia nei ke koko i kekahi ʻāpana o nā ʻōpū
• ʻO ka hoʻohaunaele o ka'ōpū o ka'ōpū (gastritis)
• Trauma a kino haole paha
• ʻO nā veins ākea, ulu nui (i kapa ʻia he varices) i ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū, i hana pinepine ʻia e ka cirrhosis ate.
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka esophagus, ʻōpū, a i ʻole duodenum a i ʻole ampulla

Kāhea koke aku i kāu kahu mālama ola inā:

• ʻIke ʻoe i ke koko a i ʻole nā ​​loli i ke kala o kāu noho
• Luai ʻoe i ke koko
• Pīhoihoi ʻoe a uila ʻole paha

I nā keiki, ʻaʻole nui ka nui o ke koko i loko o ka pahu. ʻO ke kumu maʻamau ka constipation. E haʻi mau ʻoe i kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu keiki inā ʻike ʻoe i kēia pilikia.

E lawe kāu mea hāʻawi i ka mōʻaukala olakino a hana i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. E nānā ka hōʻike ma kou ʻōpū.

E nīnau ʻia paha kēia mau nīnau iā ʻoe:

• Ke lawe nei ʻoe i nā mea lahilahi o ke koko, e like me aspirin, warfarin, Eliquis, Pradaxa, Xarelto, a i ʻole clopidogrel, a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau like? Ke lawe nei ʻoe i kahi NSAID, e like me ka ibuprofen a i ʻole naproxen?
• Ua loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi ʻeha a ale paha i kahi mea haole me ka ʻole?
• Ua ʻai ʻoe i ka laikini ʻeleʻele, kēpau, Pepto-Bismol, a i ʻole nā ​​blueberry?
• Ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ma mua o hoʻokahi ʻāpana o ke koko i loko o kāu pahu holoi? Ma kēia ala anei nā noho a pau?
• Ua lilo anei kekahi kaumaha i kēia manawa?
• Aia wale ke koko ma ka pepa lua?
• He aha ke kala o ka stool?
• I ka manawa hea i ulu ai ka pilikia?
• He aha nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe e kū nei (ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, luaʻi i ke koko, bloating, ke kinoea nui, diarrhea, a me ke kuni)?

Pono ʻoe i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha mau hoʻokolohua e nānā ai no ke kumu.

• ʻIlelo Angiography
• ʻO ke kahe koko ʻana (lāʻau lapaʻau nukelea)
• Nā haʻawina koko, me kahi helu piha o ke koko (CBC) a me nā mea ʻokoʻa, chemistries serum, nā hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kāpili ʻana
• Kolonekia
• ʻO Esophagogastroduodenoscopy a i ʻole EGD
• Moʻomeheu Stool
• Nā hoʻāʻo no ke alo o Helicobacter pylori maʻi maʻi
• Capsule endoscopy (kahi pila me kahi kāmela i kūkulu ʻia e lawe i ke wikiō o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi)
• Enteroscopy pālua pālua (kahi laulā e hiki ke kiʻi i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi i hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia me EGD a i ʻole colonoscopy)

ʻO nā hihia kahe nui o ke kahe ʻana i kumu e lilo ai ke kahe o ke koko a me ke kulu o ke koko e koi paha i ke ʻoki a i ʻole ka haukapila.

Nā noho - he koko; Melena; Nā noho - ʻeleʻele a i ʻole hoʻomaha; ʻO ke kahe o ka gastrointestinal o luna; Nā noho Melenic

• ʻO Diverticulitis a me diverticulosis - hoʻokuʻu
• Diverticulitis - he aha e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka
• Ulcerative colitis - hoʻokuʻu

Chaptini L, Peikin S. Gastrointestinal kahe ʻana o ke kahe. I: Parrillo JE, Dellinger RP, eds. Lapaʻau mālama koʻikoʻi: nā loina o ka ʻike a me ka hoʻokele i ka makua. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 72.

ʻO Kovacs TO, ʻo Jensen DM. Hemorrhage Gastrointestinal. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 126.

ʻO Meguerdichian DA, ʻo Goralnick E. ʻO ke kahe o Gastrointestinal. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 27.

ʻO Savides TJ, Jensen DM. Kahe ʻana o ka gastrointestinal. I: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger a me Fordtran's Gastrointestinal a me ka maʻi ate. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 20.