Pilikia hanu

Pili paha ka hanu pilikia i:

• Hanu paʻakikī
• Hanu ʻoluʻolu ʻole
• Manaʻo ʻoe ʻaʻole lawa kou ea

ʻAʻohe wehewehe maʻamau no ka hanu paʻakikī. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe i ka hanu ʻole me ka hoʻoikaika kino wale (e laʻa me ka piʻi ʻana i nā ʻanuʻu), ʻoiai ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻano maʻi. Ua loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe i nā maʻi ʻoi aʻe, akā ʻaʻole paha hanu iki.

ʻO ka wīwī kekahi ʻano o ka paʻakikī hanu āu e hana ai i kahi kani kiʻekiʻe ke hanu ʻoe.

Loaʻa nā kumu like ʻole o ka hanu. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i nā maʻi puʻuwai ke hana i ka hanu inā ʻaʻole hiki i kou puʻuwai ke paipū i ke koko e hāʻawi i ka oxygen i kou kino. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen i kou lolo, nā mākala, a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻino ʻē aʻe, e loaʻa paha ka hanu.

ʻO ka paʻakikī hanu ma muli o nā pilikia me nā akemāmā, nā alaloa, a me nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe.

Nā pilikia me nā māmā:

• Koko koko i nā aʻa o nā akemāmā (pulmonary embolism)
• ʻO ka huʻihuʻi a me ka muus i nā ala ea liʻiliʻi loa i nā akemāmā (bronchiolitis)
• ʻO ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive maʻi (COPD), e like me ka bronchitis mau a i ʻole ka empysema
• Pulumonia
• ʻO ke koko kiʻekiʻe i nā aʻa o nā akemā (hypertension pulmonary)
• Maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe

Nā pilikia me nā alaloa e alakaʻi i nā māmā:

• Ka ālai ʻana i nā ala ʻea i kou ihu, waha, a ʻāʻī paha
• ʻO ke kuke ʻana i kekahi mea paʻa i ke kahawai
• ʻO ka pehu ʻana a puni nā kaula leo (croup)
• ʻO ka hoʻowahāwahā o nā meaola (epiglottis) e uhi ana i ka windpipe (epiglottitis)

Nā pilikia me ka puʻuwai:

• Uha ʻeha ma muli o ke kahe o ke koko e kahe ana ma o nā kīʻaha koko o ka puʻuwai (angina)
• Maʻi hohola
• Nā kīnā ʻole o ka naʻau mai ka hānau ʻana (maʻi puʻuwai congenital)
• Hewa puʻuwai
• Nā haunaele o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai (arrhythmia)

Nā kumu ʻē aʻe:

• Nā Allergies (e like me ka mould, dander, a i ʻole pollen)
• Nā kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe kahi e emi ai ka oxygen ma ka ea
• Kaohi ʻana o ka paia umauma
• Lepo ma ke kaiapuni
• Kaumaha naʻau, e like me ka pīhoihoi
• Hiatal hernia (ke ʻano o kahi o ka ʻōpū e hoʻonui ai ma o ka wehe ʻana o ka diaphragm i loko o ka pahu)
• Ka momona
• Hoʻoweliweli weliweli
• Anemia (haʻahaʻa hemoglobin)
• Nā pilikia o ke koko (ke hiki ʻole i kāu mau huna koko ke ʻohi i ka oxygen maʻamau; ʻo ka maʻi methemoglobinemia kahi laʻana)

I kekahi manawa, maʻamau ka paʻakikī hanu ʻoluʻolu a ʻaʻole ia he kumu e hopohopo ai. ʻO kahi ihu pihapiha kahi hiʻohiʻona. ʻO ka hoʻoikaika ikaika, ʻoiai ke ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻoikaika pinepine, he laʻa ʻē aʻe.

Inā he hou a paʻakikī paha ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu, no ka pilikia nui paha ia. ʻOiai ʻaʻole weliweli nā kumu he nui a mālama maʻalahi ʻia, e kāhea i kāu kahu mālama ola no nā pilikia hanu.

Inā mālama ʻia ʻoe no kahi pilikia lōʻihi me kou mau māmā a puʻuwai paha, e hāhai i nā kuhikuhi a kāu mea hāʻawi e kōkua ai i kēlā pilikia.

E hele i ka lumi pilikia a kāhea paha i ka helu pilikia kūloko (e like me 911) inā:

• Hiki mai ka paʻakikī hanu i kahi manawa a hoʻopilikia paha i kou hanu ʻana a me ke kamaʻilio pū ʻana
• Hoʻoki loa kekahi i ka hanu ʻana

E ʻike i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa kekahi o kēia mau mea me nā pilikia hanu:

• Hōʻoluʻolu o ka umauma, ʻeha, a i ʻole kaomi. ʻO kēia nā hōʻailona o angina.
• Fiva.
• Ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu ma hope o ka hana iki a i ka wā hoʻomaha paha.
• Ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu e hoʻāla iā ʻoe i ka pō a i ʻole koi ʻoe e hiamoe i hāpai ʻia e hanu.
• Ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu me ke kamaʻilio maʻalahi ʻana.
• Hoʻopū paʻa i ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole ke ʻā ʻana, ʻūmū croupy.
• Ua hanu ʻoe a ʻokiʻoki ʻia ʻoe i kahi mea (aspiration object haole a i ʻole kaʻai ʻana).
• ʻUhihi.

E nānā ka mea hāʻawi iā ʻoe. E nīnau ʻia ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala olakino a me nā hōʻailona. Hiki i nā nīnau ke hoʻopili i ka lōʻihi o kou paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana a i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai. E nīnau ʻia paha ʻoe inā pili kekahi mea iā ia a inā kani ʻoe i ke kaniʻuhū a i ʻole ke kani ʻana i ka hanu ʻana.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua i kauoha ʻia e komo pū:

• Koko oxygen māʻona (lāʻau ikiʻai wale oximetry)
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko (pili pū paha me nā kinoea arterial)
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• CT scan o ka umauma
• Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• ʻEchocardiogram
• Hōʻike hoʻoikaika kino
• Nā hoʻāʻo hana pulmonary

Inā koʻikoʻi ka paʻakikī hanu, pono ʻoe e hele i kahi haukapila. Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe nā lāʻau e mālama ai i ke kumu o ka hanu paʻakikī.

Inā haʻahaʻa loa kou pae oxygen, pono ʻoe i ka oxygen.

Pokole o ka hanu; Hanu ʻole; Hanu paʻakikī; ʻO Dyspnea

• Pehea e hanu ai inā pōkole ʻoe o ka hanu
• Maʻi maʻi Interstitial lung - makua - hoʻokuʻu
• Ka palekana o oxygen
• ʻO ka huakaʻi me nā pilikia hanu
• Ke hoʻohana nei i ka oxygen ma ka home

• Lungs
• Emphysema

Braithwaite SA, Perina D. Dyspnea. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 22.

ʻO Kraft M. Ke hoʻokokoke aku i ka mea maʻi me ka maʻi hanu. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 83.

Schwartzstein RM, Adams L. Dyspnea. I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 29.