Pahu ʻāpala

Kūkākūkā kēia ʻatikala i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole mai ka ale ʻana i ka petrolina a i ʻole ka hanu ʻana i kāna mau fume.

ʻO kēia ʻatikala no ka ʻike wale nō. Mai hoʻohana ia mea e mālama a mālama i kahi lāʻau make maoli. Inā loaʻa ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea āu e launa pū nei, e kāhea iā 911 a i ʻole ka helu kūloko kūloko, a i ʻole hiki ke kiʻi pololei ʻia kāu kikowaena lāʻau make kūloko ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka laina laina kōkua Poison Help manuahi (1-800-222-1222) mai nā wahi āpau ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

ʻO nā mea ʻona i loko o ka petrolina he kemikino i kapa ʻia ʻo hydrocarbons, nā mea i loaʻa wale i ka hydrogen a me ke kalapona. ʻO nā laʻana he benzene a me ka methane.

Loaʻa kēia mau mea i loko o ka petrolina a me nā wai ʻē aʻe, e like me ka ʻaila māla.

Kahakaha: ʻAʻole paha piha kēia papa inoa.

Hiki i ka lāʻau hoʻomake petrine ke hana i nā hōʻailona ma nā wahi like ʻole o ke kino:

NA ALANUI A ME NA NUI

• Pilikia hanu
• ʻŌhū puʻu

NĀ MAKA, NOHO, NAHI, A ME NUI

• ʻEha
• Lilo hihio

KUHI A ME NA INTESTINES

• Abdominal eha
• Nā noho koko
• Burns of the esophagus (paipu ʻai)
• ʻO ka luaʻi, me ke koko paha

HEPU ME KE KOKO

• Hāneʻe
• Ke koko haʻahaʻa - hoʻomohala wikiwiki (haʻalulu)

ʻERLĀ NERVOUS

• Convulsions (hopu 'ia)
• E hele mai (nele i ka pane ʻole)
• Hoemi i ka makaʻala a me ka pane ʻana
• Kaumaha
• Puʻupuʻu
• Hiamoe
• ʻO ka inu ʻona (euphoria)
• ʻEha poʻo
• Pāhoihoi
• Nawaliwali

ʻIli

• Burns
• Hoʻonāukiuki

E kiʻi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. Mai hoʻolei i kahi kanaka ke ʻole e haʻi ʻia e hana i ka lāʻau make a i ʻole kahi mea mālama ola.

Inā ma ka ʻili a i ʻole i nā maka ka kemika, e pīpī i ka wai he nui no 15 mau minuke.

Inā ua ale ʻia ka kemikū, e hāʻawi koke i ka wai i ka mea a i ʻole ka waiū, ke ʻole ke aʻo ʻia e kahi mea hāʻawi. MAI hāʻawi i ka wai a waiū paha inā ʻike ʻole ke kanaka (ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka pae o ka makaʻala).

Inā hanu ke kanaka i ka lāʻau make, hoʻoneʻe koke iā lākou i ka ea hou.

E kiʻi i ka ʻike aʻe:

• Ka makahiki o ke kanaka, kaupaona, a me ke kūlana
• ʻO ka manawa ua ale ʻia ka petrolina
• Ua ale ʻia ka nui

Hiki ke kiʻi pololei ʻia kāu kikowaena lāʻau hoʻomake lāʻau kūloko ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka laina laina kōkua Poison Help manuahi (1-800-222-1222) mai nā wahi a pau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. E hoʻokuʻu kēia lālani lāhui iā ʻoe e kamaʻilio me nā loea i ka lāʻau make. E hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i nā ʻōkuhi ʻē aʻe.

He lawelawe manuahi kēia a pilikino. Hoʻohana nā kikowaena mālama lāʻau ʻona āpau i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kēia helu aupuni. E kāhea ʻoe inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i ka lāʻau make a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau make. ʻAʻole pono ia e pilikia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhea no nā kumu, 24 mau hola i ka lā, 7 mau lā o ka pule.

Lawe i ka ipu me ʻoe i ka haukapila, inā hiki.

E ana a mālama ka mea hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ke kanaka, e like me ka mahana, ka pālū, ka hanu hanu, a me ke kahe o ke koko. E mālama ʻia nā ʻōuli ma ke kūpono. E loaʻa paha i ke kanaka:

• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke koko a me ka mimi
• Kākoʻo hanu ʻana, me ka oxygen i hāʻawi ʻia ma o ka paipu ma o ka waha i loko o nā akemāmā, a me kahi mīkini hanu (ventilator)
• ʻO Bronchoscopy (kāmela i lalo i ka ʻāʻī e nānā i nā wela ma nā alaloa a me nā akemāmā)
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• ECG
• Endoscopy (kāmela i lalo i ka ʻāʻī e nānā no ka wela i ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū)
• Nā Fluids ma o kahi aa (e IV)
• ʻO ka lāʻau e hoʻohuli i ka hopena o ka lāʻau make a mālama i nā ʻōuli
• Wehe ʻoki ʻana o ka ʻili i puhi ʻia
• Tube ma o ka waha i loko o ka ʻōpū e aspirate (omo i waho) ka ʻōpū, akā ke ʻike wale ʻia ka mea i make ma loko o 30 a 45 mau minuke o ka lāʻau make a he nui loa ka lāʻau make i ale ʻia
• Holoi o ka ʻili (hawai)

Aia ka maikaʻi o ke kanaka ma muli o ka nui o nā lāʻau make i ale ʻia a me ka wikiwiki i loaʻa ai ka lāʻau. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ke kōkua olakino o kekahi kanaka, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka manawa kūpono no ke ola ʻana.

ʻO ka ale ʻana i kēia ʻano lāʻau make hiki ke hoʻopili i nā hapa o ke kino. ʻO nā wela i ke ala ākea a i ʻole nā ​​wahi gastrointestinal hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make ʻana i nā kiko. Hiki i ka maʻi maʻi, haʻalulu a me ka make ke ukali, ʻoiai he mau mahina ma hope o ka ale ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau make. Hiki ke hana i nā scars i kēia mau pūnaewele e alakaʻi i nā pilikia lōʻihi me ka hanu ʻana, ka ale ʻana a me ka digestion.

Inā komo ka ʻaila i loko o nā akemāmā (aspiration), hiki i kahi pōpilikia māmā a paʻa mau paha ke kū ʻia.

ʻO ka ʻono ʻino o ka ʻailaakahi ʻaʻole ia e ale ʻia nā mea nui. Eia nō naʻe, ua loaʻa i kekahi mau hihia o ka lāʻau make i loko o ka poʻe e hoʻāʻo nei e omo (siphon) ke kinoea mai kahi pahu kaʻa e hoʻohana ana i ka paipū kīhāpai a i ʻole nā ​​paipu ʻē aʻe. Weliweli loa kēia hana a ʻaʻole aʻoaʻo ʻia.

ʻO Nelson LS. Lāʻau make ʻino. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 102.

Wang GS, Buchanan JA. Nā Hydrocarbons. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 152.