Meaʻai - maʻi maʻi ʻōniʻoniʻo

Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻololi i kāu papaʻai ke loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi mau (CKD). Hiki i kēia mau hoʻololi ke hoʻopili i ka wai, ka ʻai ʻana i ka papaʻai protein haʻahaʻa, ka palena ʻana i ka paʻakai, ka potassium, phosphorous, a me nā electrolytes ʻē aʻe, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o nā calories inā ʻoe e lilo ana kaupaona.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi hou i kāu papaʻai inā ʻoi aku ka maʻi o kou puʻupaʻa, a i ʻole inā pono ʻoe i ka dialysis.

ʻO ke kumu o kēia papaʻai e mālama i nā pae o nā electrolytes, nā minelala, a me ka wai i kou kino ke kaulike ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka CKD a i ʻole ke dialysis.

Pono nā poʻe ma ka dialysis i kēia papaʻai kūikawā e kaupalena i ke kūkulu ʻana o nā huahana ʻōpala i ke kino. He mea nui ka palena ʻana i nā wai ma waena o nā ʻano lāʻau dialysis no ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ma ka dialysis mimiki liʻiliʻi loa. Me ka ʻole o ka mimiki, e kūkulu ka wai i ke kino a e nui loa ka wai i ka puʻuwai a me nā māmā.

E noi i kāu mea mālama ola e kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi dietitian i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia e kōkua iā ʻoe i kāu papaʻai no ka maʻi puʻupaʻa. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kekahi mau dietitians i kaʻai kīʻaha. Hiki i kāu kaukaʻai ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i kahi papaʻai e kūpono i kāu mau olakino ʻē aʻe.

He mau mokuna ka ka Kidney Foundation ma ka hapanui o nā mokuʻāina. He wahi maikaʻi ia no ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻupaʻa a me ko lākou mau ʻohana e ʻike i nā papahana a me ka ʻike. Pono ʻoe e lawe i lawa nā calorie i kēlā me kēia lā e mālama iā ʻoe i ke olakino a pale i ka haki o nā kino o ke kino. E nīnau i kāu mea hāʻawi a me kāu mea hānai. Kaupaona ʻoe iā ʻoe iho i kēlā me kēia kakahiaka e hōʻoia i kou hālāwai ʻana i kēia pahuhopu.

CARBOHYDRates

Inā ʻaʻohe ou pilikia i ka ʻai ʻana i nā haʻalako, ʻo kēia mau meaʻai kahi kumu o ka ikaika. Inā ua paipai kāu mea hoʻolako i kahi papaʻai protein haʻahaʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke pani i nā kalori mai ka protein me:

• Nā huaʻai, nā berena, nā palaoa, a me nā mea kanu. Hāʻawi kēia mau meaʻai i ka ikehu, a me ka fiber, nā minelala, a me nā huaora.
• ʻO nā candies paʻakikī, kō, meli, a me nā jelly. Inā pono, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i nā mea ʻono kiʻekiʻe-calorie e like me nā pai, nā pōpō, a me nā kuki, ke lōʻihi ʻoe i ka palena i nā mea ʻono i hana ʻia me ka waiū, kokoleka, nati, a maiʻa paha.

MAKUAHI

Hiki i nā momona ke kumu maikaʻi o nā calorie. E hōʻoia e hoʻohana i nā momona momona monounsaturated a polyunsaturated (aila ʻoliva, aila canola, aila safflower) e pale i kou olakino puʻuwai. E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako a mea ʻaʻai paha e pili ana i nā momona a me ka cholesterol e hoʻonui ai i kou makaʻi no nā pilikia puʻuwai.

PROTEIN

Kōkua paha nā papaʻai protein-haʻahaʻa ma mua o kou hoʻomaka ʻana i ka dialysis. Kūkā paha kāu mea hāʻawi a mea ʻaʻaiʻai paha i kahi papaʻai protein haʻahaʻa e pili ana i kou kaupaona, ke kahua o ka maʻi, ka nui o nā mākala āu, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe. Akā pono ʻoe i ka protein i lawa, no laila e hana pū me kāu mea hoʻolako e ʻike i ka papaʻai kūpono nāu.

Ke hoʻomaka koke ʻoe i ka dialysis, pono ʻoe e ʻai i nā protein. ʻO kahi papaʻai protein kiʻekiʻe me ka iʻa, nā moa, ka puaʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​hua manu i kēlā me kēia pāʻina e paipai ʻia.

Pono nā poʻe ma ka dialysis e ʻai i 8 a 10 mau auneke (225 a i 280 mau huna) o nā meaʻai protein kiʻekiʻe i kēlā me kēia lā. E ʻōlelo paha kāu mea hāʻawi a mea ʻaʻaiʻai paha i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hua keʻokeʻo, ka hua keʻokeʻo o ka hua, a i ʻole ka pauka protein.

CALCIUM ME PHOSPHOROUS

E nānā pinepine ʻia nā minelala a me ka phosphorous. ʻOiai i nā hoʻomaka mua o CKD, hiki i nā pae phosphorous i ke koko ke kiʻekiʻe loa. Hiki i kēia ke kumu:

• Kalipuna haʻahaʻa. ʻO kēia ke kumu e huki ai ke kino i kāu mau iwi, hiki ke hoʻonāwaliwali i kou mau iwi a haki paha.
• Kāwili.

Pono ʻoe e kaupalena i ka nui o nā meaʻai waiū āu e ʻai ai, no ka mea, he nui ka nui o ka phosporous iā lākou. Hoʻopili kēia i ka waiū, yogurt, a me ka tī. ʻOi aku kekahi o nā meaʻai waiū i ka phosphorous, me:

• Pākeke margarine
• Pata
• Pālika, ricotta, brie tī
• Krim kaumaha
• ʻO Sherbet
• Nā topena i hahau ʻia ʻo Nondairy

Pono paha ʻoe e lawe i nā mea hoʻopiha calcium e pale ai i ka maʻi iwi, a me ka wikamina D e kaohi ai i ke kaulike o ka puna a me ka phosphorous i kou kino. E noi i kāu mea lawelawe a mea hānai paha e pili ana i ka maikaʻi e loaʻa ai kēia mau meaola.

Koi aku paha kāu mea hāʻawi i nā lāʻau i kapa ʻia "phosphorous binders" inā hoʻololi wale ka papaʻai ʻaʻole e hana e kaohi i ke kaulike o kēia mineral i kou kino.

PALAPALA

I nā wā mua o ka holo pono ʻole ʻana o ka hakuʻala, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e kaupalena i ka wai āu e inu ai. Akā, i ka wā e māhuahua ai kou kūlana, a i ʻole ke kau nei ʻoe i ka dialysis, pono ʻoe e nānā i ka nui o ka wai āu e lawe ai.

Ma waena o nā wā dialysis, hiki i ka wai ke kūkulu i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka nui o ka wai e alakaʻi ai i ka hanu, kahi pilikia e pono ai ke olakino koke.

E haʻi aku kāu mea mālama a me kāu kahu hānai iā ʻoe i ka nui o kāu mea e inu ai i kēlā me kēia lā. Mālama i kahi helu o nā meaʻai i loaʻa ka nui o ka wai, e like me nā kopa, nā gelatin me nā huaʻai, nā hau ʻalani i hua ʻia, nā kalima, nā hua waina, nā melona, ​​nā letus, nā ʻōmato, a me nā seleri.

E hoʻohana i nā kīʻaha liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​aniani a huli i kāu kīʻaha ma hope o ka pau ʻana.

Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo mai ka lilo ʻana i ka make wai e hoʻopili i:

• Hōʻalo i nā meaʻai paʻakai
• Hoʻopaʻahau i kahi wai i loko o ka pahu hau a ʻai iā ia e like me ka hau hauʻono (pono ʻoe e helu i kēia mau pahu hau i kāu nui o nā wai i kēlā me kēia lā)
• Noho maikaʻi i nā lā wela

KA PAAKI A SODIUM

ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka sodium i kāu papaʻai e kōkua iā ʻoe e kaohi i ke koko kiʻekiʻe. Mālama ia iā ʻoe mai ka make wai, a pale i kou kino mai ka paʻa ʻana i ka wai keu. E nānā i kēia mau huaʻōlelo ma nā lepili ʻai:

• Low-sodium
• ʻAʻohe paʻakai i hoʻohui ʻia
• ʻAʻohe Sodium
• Hoʻoemi ʻia ʻo Sodium
• Kālepa ʻole ʻia

E hōʻoia i nā lepili āpau e ʻike i ka nui o nā meaʻai paʻakai a sodium paha i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lawelawe. Eia kekahi, e hōʻalo i nā meaʻai e papa inoa i ka paʻakai kokoke i ka hoʻomaka o nā mea hoʻohui. E nānā i nā huahana me ka emi o 100 milligrams (mg) o ka paʻakai no kēlā me kēia lawelawe.

Mai hoʻohana i ka paʻakai ke kuke ʻana a lawe aku i ka mea haʻalulu paʻakai mai ka papaʻaina. Palekana ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana iā lākou e ʻono i kāu meaʻai ma kahi o ka paʻakai.

Mai hoʻohana i nā mea pani o ka paʻakai no ka mea aia ka potassium i loko. Pono nā poʻe me CKD e kaohi i kā lākou potassium.

POTASSIUM

ʻO nā pae koko maʻamau o ka potassium e kōkua i kou puʻuwai e hoʻokau mau. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka nui o ka potassium ke kūkulu aʻe ke holo pono ʻole nā ​​puʻupaʻa. Hiki ke hopena i nā mele puʻuwai weliweli, a hiki i ka make.

Loaʻa i nā hua a me nā mea kanu i ka nui o ka pāhare potassium, a no ia kumu e pale ʻia ai e mālama i ka puʻuwai olakino.

Ke koho nei i ka mea kūpono mai kēlā me kēia hui meaʻai hiki ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i kāu pae potassium.

Ke ʻai nei i nā hua:

• Koho i nā peach, nā hua waina, nā pears, nā ʻāpala, nā hua, nā paina, nā plum, nā tangerine, a me nā ipu wai.
• Ka palena a hōʻalo paha i nā ʻalani a me ka wai ʻalani, nectarines, kiwi, hua maloʻo a i ʻole nā ​​hua maloʻo ʻē aʻe, maiʻa, cantaloupe, honeydew, prunes, a me nectarines

Ke ʻai nei i nā mea kanu:

• Koho i ka broccoli, kāpiki, kāloti, cauliflower, celery, kukama, eggplant, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka wax, lettuce, ʻaka, peppers, watercress, zucchini, a me ka kalikī melemele
• Palena a pale paha i ka asparagus, avocado, kaʻuala, ʻōmato a i ʻole kohu kōmato, squash hoʻoilo, ʻumeke, ʻākala, a me ka milo kuke

IRON

Loaʻa ka anemia a ka poʻe me ka hōʻino kīwī holomua a pono mau ka hao.

Nui nā meaʻai i loko o ka hao keu (akepaʻa, pipi, puaʻa, moa, lima a me nā piʻa puʻupaʻa, nā palaoa i hana ʻia me ka hao. E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako a mea ʻaʻaʻai paha e pili ana i nā meaʻai me ka hao hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai no ka maʻi maʻi maʻi.

Maʻi hōʻino - ʻaiʻai; ʻO ka maʻi kīnā - diet

Fouque D, Mitch WE. ʻO nā meaʻai e hoʻokokoke aku ai i nā maʻi puʻupaʻa. I: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, eds. ʻO Brenner a me Rector's The Kidney. 10 o ka lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 61.

ʻO Mitch WE. Maʻi maʻi ʻōniʻoniʻo. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 121.

Pūnaewele Institute of Diabetes a me Digestive a me nā maʻi maʻi puʻuwai. ʻAi & meaʻai no hemodialysis. www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/kidney-failure/hemodialysis/eating-nutrition. Hoʻohou ʻia Kepakemapa 2016. Loaʻa iā Iulai 26, 2019.

ʻO ka Foundation Kidney National. Nā papa kuhikuhi meaʻai no nā mākua e hoʻomaka ana ma ka hemodialysis. www.kidney.org/atoz/content/dietary_hemodialysis. Hoʻohou ʻia ʻApelila 2019. Loaʻa iā Iulai 26, 2019.