Kūpono no nā makahiki hānau (AGA)

ʻO Gestation ka manawa o ka manawa ma waena o ka hapai ʻana a me ka hānau ʻana. I kēia manawa, ulu a ulu ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine.

Inā loaʻa nā makahiki hānau ʻōpū o ka pēpē ma hope o ka hānau ʻana kūlike i ka makahiki o ke kalena, ua ʻōlelo ʻia he kūpono ka pēpē no nā makahiki hānau (AGA).

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pilikia a me nā make o nā pēpē AGA ma mua o nā pēpē liʻiliʻi a nui paha no kā lākou mau makahiki hānau.

ʻO ka makahiki Gestational ka manawa maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā hāpai e wehewehe i ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana. Ana ʻia ia i loko o nā pule, mai ka lā mua o ka pōʻai mua hope o ka wahine a i kēia lā. Hiki ke hāpai i kahi hāpai maʻamau mai 38 a 42 mau pule.

Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia nā makahiki ʻoihana ma mua a ma hope paha o ka hānau ʻana.

• Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, e hoʻohana kāu mea mālama ola i ka ultrasound e ana i ka nui o ke poʻo o ka pēpē, ka ʻōpū, a me ka iwi o ka ʻūhā. Hāʻawi kēia i kahi ʻike i ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū.
• Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hiki ke ana ʻia i ka makahiki hānau ma ka nānā ʻana i ka pēpē. ʻO ke kaupaona, ka lōʻihi, ke poʻo o ke poʻo, nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, nā reflexes, ke kani o ka mākala, ke kūlana, a me ke kūlana o ka ʻili a me ka lauoho i loiloi ʻia.

Loaʻa nā kiʻi e hōʻike ana i nā palena maʻamau o luna a me lalo no nā makahiki hānau ʻokoʻa, mai kahi o 25 mau pule o ka hānau ma o 42 mau pule.

ʻO ke kali no nā pēpē wā piha i hānau ʻia ʻo AGA ma waena o 2,500 mau gram (ma kahi o 5.5 lbs a i ʻole 2.5 kg) a me 4,000 gram (ma kahi o 8.75 lbs a i ʻole 4 kg).

• ʻO nā pēpē ka liʻiliʻi i ka liʻiliʻi e manaʻo ʻia he liʻiliʻi no ka makahiki hānau (SGA)
• ʻO nā pēpē kaupaona hou aʻe i manaʻo ʻia he nui no nā makahiki hānau (LGA)

Fetal makahiki; ʻO Gestation; Hoʻolālā - AGA; Ka ulu - AGA; Mālama neonatal - AGA; Mālama hānau hou - AGA

• Nā makahiki ʻoihana

ʻO Ball JW, Nā maʻi JE, Flynn JA, Solomon BS, Stewart RW. Ka ulu a me ka meaʻai. I: Ball JW, Dains JE, Flynn JA, Solomon BS, Stewart RW, hua. Ke alakaʻi a Siedel i ka hoʻokolohua kino. 9th ed. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2019: chap 8.

Nock ML, ʻO Olicker AL. Nā papa o nā waiwai maʻamau. I: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, hua. ʻO Fanaroff lāua ʻo Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: Pākuʻi B, 2028-2066.

Richards DS. ʻO ke ultrasound Obstetric: ke kiʻi ʻana, ka launa ʻana, ka ulu ʻana, a me ka anomaly. I: Landon MB, Galan HL, Jauniaux ERM, et al, eds. Nā Kāpena Gabbe: Nā Pregnancies Maʻamau a me nā Pilikia. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 9.