Hoʻohana waiʻona a me ka inu palekana

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona e pili ana i ka inu ʻana i ka pia, waina, a i ʻole ka wai inu paʻakikī.

ʻO ka waiʻona kekahi o nā mea hoʻohana lāʻau i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka honua.

E INU ANA MA KE KUMU

ʻAʻole wale ka pilikia o ka makua i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona. ʻO ka hapa nui o ko ʻAmelika mau makahiki kula kiʻekiʻe i inu inu ʻona i loko o ka mahina i hala. ʻOiai kēia o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka makahiki inu inu kānāwai he 21 mau makahiki i ka United States.

Ma kahi o 1 o 5 mau ʻōpio i manaʻo ʻia he "poʻe inu pilikia." ʻO kēia ke ʻano o lākou:

• E ona
• Loaʻa nā pōʻino e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻona ʻana
• E komo i ka pilikia me ke kānāwai, nā lālā o ka ʻohana, nā hoa aloha, ke kula, a i ʻole nā ​​lā ma muli o ka ʻalekohola

NA HUA O KE ALAKOHA

He ʻokoʻa ka waiʻona i loko o nā mea inu ʻona.

• ʻO ka pia ma kahi o 5% ka waiʻona, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o kekahi mau pia.
• ʻO ka maʻamau ka 12% a 15% ka waiʻona.
• ʻO ka waiʻona paʻakikī ma kahi o 45% ka wai ʻona.

Komo koke ka waiʻona i kou kahe koko.

Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka meaʻai i kou ʻōpū i ka wikiwiki o kēia. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i nā meaʻai momona a me nā momona momona ke hoʻonāukiuki i kou kino me ka lohi.

E hele wikiwiki kekahi mau ʻano mea inu ʻona i loko o kou kahe koko. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia nā mea inu ikaika loa.

Hoʻoiho ka waiʻona i kou helu hanu, ka helu o ka puʻuwai, a me ka maikaʻi o ka hana o kou lolo. Hōʻike paha kēia mau hopena ma waena o 10 mau minuke a piko ma kahi o 40 a 60 mau minuke. Noho ka waiʻona i kou kahe a hiki i ka wā e wāwahi ʻia ai e ke ake. ʻO ka nui o ka wai ʻona i loko o kou koko i kapa ʻia kou pae ʻalekohola koko. Inā inu ʻoe i ka waiʻona i ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka hiki i ke akepaʻa ke haki, piʻi kēia pae.

Hoʻohana ʻia kāu pae ʻalekohola koko e wehewehe kānāwai inā ʻona ʻoe ʻaʻole paha. ʻO ka palena kānāwai no ka wai ʻona i hāʻule ma waena o 0.08 a me 0.10 ma ka hapanui o nā mokuʻāina. Aia ma lalo ka papa inoa o nā pae ʻalekō koko a me nā ʻōuli paha.

• 0.05 - hoʻemi i nā mea pāpā
• 0.10 - haʻi ʻōlelo lohi
• 0.20 - euphoria a me ka hoʻopilikia kaʻa
• 0.30 - huikau
• 0.40 - kūpeʻe
• 0.50 - koma
• 0.60 - kū ka hanu a me ka make

Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā ʻōuli o ka ʻona ma nā pae ʻalekō koko ma lalo o ka wehewehe kānāwai o ka ʻona. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka poʻe e inu pinepine i ka waiʻona ʻaʻole paha lākou e loaʻa nā hōʻailona a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻalekō koko kiʻekiʻe.

HE MAU OLELO OLELO O ALCOHOL

Hoʻonui ka waiʻona i ka makaʻi o:

• ʻAlekohola
• Ka hāʻule ʻana, ka make ʻana a me nā pōʻino ʻē aʻe
• ʻO ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻōpū, kolona, ​​ka umauma, a me nā maʻi ʻino ʻē aʻe
• Kaʻi puʻuwai a me ka hahau
• Nā pōpilikia kaʻa kaʻa
• Nā hana moekolohe risky, hāpai ʻole ʻole ʻia a i ʻole makemake ʻia, a me nā maʻi i lawe ʻia i ka moekolohe (STI)
• Pepehi kanaka a me ka pepehi kanaka

Hiki i ka inu ʻana i ka wā hāpai ke hōʻeha i ka pēpē e ulu ana. Hiki paha i nā hānau kīnā a i ʻole fetal alkohol syndrome.

INU PONOI

Inā inu ʻoe i ka waiʻona, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana pēlā i ke kaulike. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ke kumu o ka inu ʻana ʻaʻole inu ʻoe i ka ʻona (a ʻona paha) a ke inu nei ʻoe ʻaʻole ma mua o 1 inu i kēlā me kēia lā inā he wahine ʻoe a ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 inā he kāne ʻoe. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kahi inu e like me 12 auneke (350 milliliter) o ka pia, 5 auneke (150 milliliter) o ka waina, a i ʻole 1.5 auneke (45 milliliters) o ka waiʻona.

Eia kekahi mau ala e inu ai me ke kuleana, inā ʻaʻohe ou pilikia inu, he mau makahiki kū kānāwai ka inu rama, a ʻaʻole hāpai.

• Mai inu lama loa a hoʻokele kaʻa.
• Inā ʻoe e inu, e koho i kahi kalaiwa i koho ʻia, a i ʻole e hoʻolālā i kahi ala ʻē aʻe i ka home, e like me kahi kaʻa kaʻa a kaʻaahi paha.
• MAI inu i ka ʻōpū nele. Mea ʻai māmā ma mua a i ka wā inu rama.

Inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau, e laʻa me nā lāʻau ʻoi loa, e hōʻoia me kāu mea mālama ola ma mua o ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona. Hiki i ka waiʻona ke hoʻoikaika i nā hopena o nā lāʻau he nui. Hiki iā ia ke launa pū me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe, e hana ana iā lākou i mea ʻole a weliweli paha a hōʻeha paha iā ʻoe.

Inā holo ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka wai ʻona i kou ʻohana, malia paha e māhuahua ʻoe i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia maʻi iā ʻoe iho. No laila, makemake paha ʻoe e hōʻalo i ka inu lama loa.

Kāhea i kāu mea e mālama pono ai i ke ola inā:

• Pili ʻoe i kāu hoʻohana ʻona ponoʻī a i ʻole lālā o ka ʻohana
• Makemake ʻoe i ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻona ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​hui kākoʻo
• ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi a hōʻoki paha i kāu inu ʻona, ʻoiai ke hoʻāʻo e hōʻoki i ka inu ʻana

ʻO nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe:

• Nā pūʻulu Alcoholics Kahi Anonymous a i ʻole Al-anon / Alateen
• Nā haukapila kūloko
• Nā keʻena olakino noʻonoʻo lehulehu a pilikino paha
• Nā kākāʻōlelo kula a hana paha
• Nā kikowaena olakino haumāna a limahana paha

ʻO ka inu pia ʻana; Ka inu waina ʻana; Inu lama paʻa; Inu palekana; Inu inu ʻōpio

Pūnaewele ʻAmelika Psychiatric Association. ʻO nā maʻi e pili ana i ka lāʻau. I: ʻAhahui Psychiatric ʻAmelika. Nānā Diagnostic a me Statistic o nā maʻi noʻonoʻo. 5th lā. Arlington, VA: Ka Hoʻolaha Psychiatric ʻAmelika. 2013: 481-590.

Nā kikowaena no ka pūnaewele Disease Control a me Prevent. National Center for Prevent Disease Prevent a me ka Hoʻolaha Ola. Nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi CDC: ka nānā ʻana i ka waiʻona a me ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. www.cdc.gov/vitaligns/alcohol-screening-counseling/. Hoʻohou i Ianuali 31, 2020. Loaʻa iā Iune 18, 2020.

ʻO National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism pūnaewele. Nā hopena o ka waiʻona i ke olakino. www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohols-effects-health. Loaʻa iā Iune 25, 2020.

ʻO National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism pūnaewele. Hoʻohana maʻi ʻalekohola. www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consuming/alcohol-use-disorder. Loaʻa iā Iune 25, 2020.

Sherin K, Seikel S, Hale S. ʻAlekika hoʻohana i nā maʻi. I: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Puke aʻo o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻohana. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 48.

ʻO ka Pūʻali Hana Hana Preventive US, Curry SJ, Krist AH, et al. ʻO ka loiloi ʻana a me nā hana aʻoaʻo aʻoaʻo e hana ai e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona maikaʻi ʻole i ka poʻe ʻōpio a me nā mākua: ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2018; 320 (18): 1899-1909. PMID: 30422199 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30422199/.