ʻO Hydrocephalus

ʻO Hydrocephalus kahi kūkulu o ka loli i loko o ka iwi poʻo e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻōpala o ka lolo.

ʻO ka manaʻo Hydrocephalus "ka wai ma ka lolo."

Loaʻa ʻo Hydrocephalus i kahi pilikia me ke kahe o ka wai e hoʻopuni i ka lolo. Kapa ʻia kēia wai ka wai cerebrospinal, a i ʻole CSF. Hoʻopuni ka wai i ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka lolo.

Ke neʻe maʻamau ʻo CSF ​​ma o ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo a pulu i ke kahe o ke koko. Hiki i nā pae CSF i ka lolo ke piʻi aʻe inā:

• Ua ālai ʻia ke kahe o CSF.
• ʻAʻole hiki ke omo kūpono i ka wai i ke koko.
• Hana ka lolo i ka nui o ka wai.

Hoʻokomo ka nui o CSF ​​i ka lolo. Hoʻopiʻi kēia i ka lolo i ka iwi poʻo a hoʻopōʻino i kaʻiʻo o ka lolo.

E hoʻomaka paha ʻo Hydrocephalus i ka wā e ulu ana ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū. He mea maʻamau ia i nā pēpē i loaʻa kahi myelomeningocele, kahi kīnā o ka hānau ʻana kahi i pani ʻole pono ai ke kolamu iwi kuamoʻo.

Hiki paha iā Hydrocephalus ke:

• Nā kīnā genetic
• ʻO kekahi mau maʻi i ka wā hāpai

I nā keiki ʻōpio, hiki i ka hydrocephalus ke:

• Nā maʻi e hoʻopili i ka ʻōnaehana waena (e like me ka meningitis a i ʻole encephalitis), keu hoʻi i nā pēpē.
• Kahe i ka lolo i ka wā a ma hope koke paha o ka hānau ʻana (ʻoi aku i nā pēpē mua).
• ʻO ka hōʻeha ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope paha o ka hānau ʻana, me ka hemorrhage subarachnoid.
• ʻO nā tumors o ke kikowaena pūnaewele, e like me ka lolo a i ʻole ka iwi kuamoo.
• Ka hōʻeha a i ʻole trauma.

Kū pinepine ʻo Hydrocephalus i nā keiki. ʻO kekahi ʻano, i kapa ʻia he hydrocephalus pēpē maʻamau, e hana ʻia i nā mākua a me nā ʻelemākule.

Pili nā ʻōuli o ka hydrocephalus i ka:

• Makahiki
• Ka nui o ka poino o ka lolo
• He aha ka mea e hoʻokumu nei i ka wai o CSF

I nā pēpē, hoʻoheheʻe ʻo hydrocephalus i ka fontanelle (kahi palupalu) e piʻi a nui ke poʻo ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. E komo pū paha nā ʻōuli mua:

• Nā maka i ʻike maka ʻia i lalo
• Huhū
• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi
• Nā sute i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia
• Hiamoe
• ʻO ka luaʻi

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ke kū i nā keiki nui ke komo pū me:

• Pōkole, hoʻoliʻiliʻi, uē kiʻekiʻe
• ʻO nā hoʻololi i ka pilikino, ka hoʻomanaʻo, a i ʻole ka hiki ke noʻonoʻo a noʻonoʻo paha
• Hoʻololi i ka helehelena a me ka spacing o ka maka
• Nā maka i kū a i ʻole nā ​​neʻe maka ʻole i kāohi ʻia
• Hānai paʻakikī
• Ka hiamoe nui loa
• ʻEha poʻo
• Huhū, kāohi huhu maikaʻi ʻole
• Ka nalowale o ka mālama ʻana i ka bladder (urinary incontinence)
• Lilo o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka pilikia e hele wāwae ana
• Musical spasticity (spasm)
• Hoʻonui lohi (keiki 0 a 5 mau makahiki)
• Holo mālie a hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha ka neʻe
• ʻO ka luaʻi

E nānā ka mea mālama ola i ka pēpē. Hōʻike paha kēia:

• Pākuʻi a pehu paha nā veins ma ke poʻo o ka pēpē.
• Kani nā mea maʻamau ke kani māmā ka mea hāʻawi i ka iwi poʻo, e ʻōlelo nei i kahi pilikia me nā iwi iwi poʻo.
• ʻOi aku ka nui o nā poʻo āpau a ʻāpana paha o ke poʻo ma mua o ka maʻamau, pinepine ka ʻāpana mua.
• ʻO nā maka e nānā "hemo."
• ʻIke ʻia kahi ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o ka maka ma luna o ka wahi kala, e like me he "lā kau lā."
• He maʻamau nā reflexes.

Hōʻike ʻia nā ana o ke anapuni poʻo i ka manawa i ka nui ʻana o ke poʻo.

ʻO kahi scan CT poʻo kahi o nā hōʻike maikaʻi loa no ka ʻike ʻana i ka hydrocephalus. Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia e hoʻopili ʻia:

• Palapala Kahiko
• Nānā lolo me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā radioisotopes
• Cranial ultrasound (kahi ultrasound o ka lolo)
• Lumbar puncture a me ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o ka wai cerebrospinal (hana pinepine ʻole ʻia)
• Kukui x-ray

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e hōʻemi a pale aku paha i ka pohō o ka lolo ma o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kahe o CSF.

Hiki ke hana ʻoki e wehe i kahi paʻa, inā hiki.

Inā ʻaʻole, e hoʻokau ʻia kahi paipu maʻalahi i kapa ʻia i kahi shunt i ka lolo e hoʻi i ke kahe o CSF. Hoʻouna ka shunt iā CSF i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino, e like me ka wahi o ka ʻōpū, kahi e hiki ai ke komo.

Hiki i nā mālama ʻē aʻe ke:

• Nā Antibiotics inā he hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Koi aku paha nā maʻi ʻino i ka shunt e hemo.
• ʻO ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo endoscopic kolu ventriculostomy (ETV), kahi e hoʻomaha ai i ke kaomi me ka ʻole o ka shunt.
• Ke wehe a puhi nei paha (cauterizing) i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo e hana iā CSF.

Pono ke keiki i nā loiloi maʻamau e ʻike pono ʻaʻohe pilikia hou. E hana mau ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki, a e nānā i nā pilikia o ka ʻike, neurological, a i ʻole ke kino.

Hiki i nā kahu maʻi kipa, nā lawelawe kaiāulu, nā hui kākoʻo, a me nā keʻena kūloko ke hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo naʻau a me ke kōkua me ka mālama ʻana o kahi keiki me ka hydrocephalus ka mea i nui ka ʻino o ka lolo.

Me ka mālama ʻole ʻia, e make ana he 6 i 10 mau kānaka me ka hydrocephalus. ʻO nā mea e ola ana e loaʻa nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka ʻike ʻona, ke kino, a me nā neurological.

Aia ke kuanaʻike i ke kumu. ʻO Hydrocephalus ʻaʻole ia ma muli o ka maʻi. ʻO ka poʻe me ka hydrocephalus i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā tumors e hana ʻilihuna loa.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki me ka hydrocephalus i ola no 1 mau makahiki e loaʻa kahi ola maʻamau.

Pākuʻi ʻia paha ka shunt. ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka paʻa ʻana e like me ka ʻeha poʻo a me ka luaʻi. Hiki paha i nā kauka ke kōkua i ka shunt wehe me ka ʻole o ke kuapo.

Aia paha he mau pilikia ʻē aʻe me ka shunt, e like me ke kinking, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka paipu, a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi i ka wahi o ka shunt.

Hiki i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe ke:

• Nā pilikia o ke kaha ʻana
• Nā maʻi e like me ka meningitis a i ʻole encephalitis
• Ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻike naʻau
• Poino ke nerve (hoʻemi i ka neʻe, sensation, hana)
• Nā kino kīnā

E ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā loaʻa i kāu keiki nā ʻōuli o kēia maʻi. E hele i ka lumi pilikia a kāhea paha iā 911 inā kū nā hōʻailona pilikia, e like me:

• Nā pilikia hanu
• Hiamoe nui a hiamoe paha
• Pilikia hānai
• Fiva
• Uē kūho kiʻekiʻe
• ʻAʻohe puʻuwai (puʻuwai)
• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi
• ʻEha poʻo poʻo
• ʻĀʻī ʻoʻoleʻa
• ʻO ka luaʻi

E kāhea pū ʻoe i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• Ua ʻike ʻia ke keiki me ka hydrocephalus, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi.
• ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ke keiki ma ka home.

Palekana i ke poʻo o kahi pēpē a keiki paha mai ka ʻeha. ʻO ka mālama koke ʻana i nā maʻi a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka hydrocephalus e hōʻemi paha i ka makaʻi o ka maʻi.

Ka wai ma ka lolo

• Shunt Ventriculoperitoneal - hoʻokuʻu

• Iwi poʻo o ka hānau hou

Jamil O, Kestle JRW. ʻO Heydocephalus i nā keiki: etiology a me ka hoʻokele holoʻokoʻa. I: Winn HR, hoʻoponopono. ʻO Youmans a me Winn Neurological Surgery. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 197.

Kinsman SL, Johnston MV. ʻO nā anomalies kūlohelohe o ka ʻōnaehana makaʻu waena. I: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 609.

ʻO Rosenberg GA. ʻO ka edema lolo a me nā maʻi o ka holo ʻana o ka wai cerebrospinal. I: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. ʻO Bradley's Neurology i ka hana lapaʻau. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 88.