Hypomelanosis o Ito

ʻO ka Hypomelanosis o Ito (HMI) kahi maʻi hānau nui loa e kumu ai i nā pākuʻi ʻokoʻa o ka ʻili kukui (hypopigmented) ʻili a pili pū paha me ka maka, nā ʻōnaehana a me nā pilikia iwi.

ʻAʻole ʻike ka poʻe lawelawe olakino i ke kumu kikoʻī o ka HMI, akā manaʻo lākou hiki paha ke hoʻopili i kahi ʻano kūlohelohe i kapa ʻia mosaicism. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mea maʻamau i nā kaikamahine e like me nā keikikāne.

ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka ʻili e ka manawa o kahi keiki ma kahi o 2 mau makahiki.

Ke ulu nei nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki, a hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia:

• Nā maka i kau ʻia (strabismus)
• Lohe hoʻolohe
• Hoʻonui i ka lauoho lauoho (hirsutism)
• Scoliosis
• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi
• Hoʻopili, whorled a mottled paha i nā ʻili o ka ʻili ma nā lima, nā wāwae, a me ka waena o ke kino
• ʻO ke kīnā ʻole o ka ʻike, me ke ʻano o ke autism a me ke kīnā aʻo
• Nā pilikia o ka waha a ʻo ka niho paha

ʻO ke kukui Ultraviolet (Kukui lāʻau) ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻili o ka ʻili e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻike.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hiki ke hana ʻia e komo pū kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• CT a MRI scan o ke poʻo no kahi keiki me ka hopu ʻana a me nā ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana
• X-ray no ke keiki me nā pilikia iwi
• EEG e ana i ka hana uila o ka lolo i kahi keiki me ka hopu ʻana
• Ke hoʻāʻo genetic

ʻAʻohe mālama ʻia no nā ʻili ʻili. Hiki ke hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻohanohano a lole paha e uhi i nā pā. Mālama ʻia nā hopu ʻana, scoliosis, a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe e pono ai.

Pili ʻo Outlook i ke ʻano a me ke koʻikoʻi o nā ʻōuli e hoʻomohala. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, huli ka ʻili i ka maʻamau.

Loaʻa nā pilikia i hopena ʻia mai ka HMI:

• Ka pilikia a me nā pilikia hele wāwae ma muli o scoliosis
• Kaumaha naʻau, pili i ka helehelena o ke kino
• Kīnā ʻole o ka noʻonoʻo
• ʻEha mai ka hopu ʻana

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ke kala o ka ʻili. Eia nō naʻe, he kumu hou aʻe paha ko kekahi o nā lauana ʻokoʻa ma mua o ka HMI.

Incontontinia pigmenti achromians; HMI; Ito hypomelanosis

ʻO Joyce JC. Nā liona hypopigmented. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 672.

Patterson JW. Nā maʻi o ka pigmentation. I: Patterson JW, hoʻoponopono. ʻO Weedon's Skin Pathology. ʻEhā ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2016: chap 10.