ʻO ka toxoplasmosis hānau

Congenital toxoplasmosis kahi hui o nā ʻōuli i hiki ke loaʻa i kahi pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia (fetus) me ka parasite Toxoplasma gondii.

Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia i ka maʻi Toxoplasmosis i kahi pēpē e ulu ana inā maʻi ka makuahine i ka wā e hāpai ana. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi i ka pēpē e ulu ana a puni ka placenta. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, akahai ka maʻi i ka makuahine. ʻAʻole maopopo paha ka wahine he parasite kāna. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka maʻi o ke pēpē ulu ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā pilikia inā kū ka maʻi i ka hāpai mua.

A i ka hapalua o nā pēpē i lilo i maʻi me ka toxoplasmosis i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana e hānau mua ʻia (prematurely). Hiki i ka maʻi ke hoʻopōʻino i nā maka o ka pēpē, ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana, ʻili, a me nā pepeiao.

ʻO ka pinepine, aia nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi i ka wā hānau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole e loaʻa nā ʻōuli i nā pēpē me nā maʻi ʻoluʻolu no nā mahina a mau makahiki paha ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Inā mālama ʻole ʻia, ulu ka hapanui o nā keiki me kēia maʻi i nā pilikia i kā lākou ʻōpio. Maʻamau nā pilikia o ka maka.

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• Hoʻonui i ke ake a me nā ʻāpala
• ʻO ka luaʻi
• Poino ka maka mai ka mumuna o ka retina a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana o ka maka
• Nā pilikia hānai
• Lohe hoʻolohe
• Jaundice (ʻili melemele)
• Kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa (ka palena ulu ulu intrauterine)
• ʻLapa ʻili (nā wahi ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi a palapū paha) i ka wā hānau
• Nā pilikia ʻike

Hoʻopilikia ka lolo a me ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana i ke akahai a i ʻole koʻikoʻi, a hiki pū me:

• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi
• Kīnā ʻole o ka noʻonoʻo

E nānā ka mea mālama ola i ka pēpē. Loaʻa paha i ka pēpē:

• Kāpena pehu a me ke ake
• ʻIli melemele (jaundice)
• Huʻi o nā maka
• Fluid ma ka lolo (hydrocephalus)
• Pehu nā lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy)
• Ka nui o ke poʻo (macrocephaly) a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ke poʻo (microcephaly)

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hiki ke hana ʻia i ka wā hāpai hāpai:

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka wai Amniotic a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko fetal
• Antibody titer
• Ultrasound o ka ʻōpū

Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hana ʻia paha kēia mau hoʻokolohua ma luna o ka pēpē.

• ʻImi Antibody ma ke kahe o ke koko a me ka wai cerebrospinal
• CT scan o ka lolo
• MRI scan o ka lolo
• Nā hōʻike Neurological
• Hōʻike maka maʻamau
• Hōʻike Toxoplasmosis

Hiki i ka Spiramycin ke mālama i ka maʻi i ka makuahine hāpai.

Hiki i ka Pyrimethamine a me ka sulfadiazine ke mālama i ka maʻi fetal (ʻike ʻia i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana).

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā pēpē me ka toxoplasmosis congenital e pili pinepine ana i ka pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, a me leucovorin no hoʻokahi makahiki. Hāʻawi ʻia nā pēpē i kekahi manawa i nā steroid inā hoʻoweliweli ʻia kā lākou ʻike a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe o ka protein i loko o ka wai spinal.

Pili ka hopena i ka nui o ke ʻano.

Komo pū nā pilikia:

• ʻO Hydrocephalus
• Ka makapō a me ke kīnā kīnā ʻole
• ʻO ke kīnā koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia neurological

Kāhea i kāu mea mālama ola inā hāpai ʻoe a noʻonoʻo ʻoe ua makaʻu ʻoe i ka maʻi. (ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki ke hele i ka maʻi toxoplasmosis mai nā pōpoki inā ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pahu ʻōpala o ka pōpoki.) Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā hāpai ʻoe a ʻaʻole i mālama mua ʻia.

ʻO nā wahine hāpai a hoʻolālā paha e hāpai e hiki ke hoʻāʻo e ʻike inā pilikia lākou i ka maʻi.

ʻO nā wahine hāpai i nā pōpoki e like me nā holoholona hale e ʻoi aku paha ka makaʻu. Pono lākou e hōʻalo i ka launa ʻana me nā feces o ka pōpoki, a i ʻole nā ​​mea i hiki ke hoʻohaumia ʻia e nā mea kolo i hōʻike ʻia i nā fites o nā pōpoki (e like me nā ʻāʻī a me nā lele)

Eia kekahi, e kuke i kaʻiʻo a hiki i ka wā e hana maikaʻi ai, a holoi i kou mau lima ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka e hōʻalo i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka parasite.

• ʻO ka toxoplasmosis hānau

ʻO Duff P, Birsner M. Maternal a me ka maʻi perinatal i ka hāpai ʻana: bacterial. I: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, et al, eds. Nā Obstetrics: Nā Pregnancies Maʻamau a me nā pilikia. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 54.

McLeod R, Boyer KM. Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii). I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 316.

Montoya JG, Boothroyd JC, Kovacs JA. Toxoplasma gondii. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principal a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpikipiki, Hoʻopuka Hou. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 280.