Ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i nā testicle. ʻO ka testicle nā ​​kāne hānau kāne i loko o ka scrotum.

Hoʻomaopopo iki ʻia ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular. Nā mea e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu o ke kāne i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular ʻo:

• Hoʻolālā testicle maʻamau
• Hōʻike i kekahi mau kemika
• ʻO ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular
• Maʻi HIV
• Mōʻaukala o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular
• Mōʻaukala o kahi testicle undescended (ʻaʻole e neʻe hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha testicle i ka scrotum ma mua o ka hānau ʻana)
• ʻO Klinefelter Syndrome
• Hoʻoipo
• Hoʻohana paka
• Down syndrome

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻamau i nā kāne ʻōpio a me waena. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā kāne makua, a i nā manawa maʻamau, i nā keikikāne ʻōpio.

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne keʻokeʻo ma mua o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika e hoʻomohala i kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻAʻohe loulou ma waena o vasectomy a me nā maʻi ʻaʻai testicular.

ʻElua ʻano nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular:

• Seminomas
• ʻO Nonseminomas

Ulu kēia mau maʻi ʻaʻai mai nā hunaola germ, nā hunaola e hana ai i ka sperm.

Seminoma: He ulu lohi kēia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular i loaʻa i nā kāne i ko lākou 40s a me 50s. Aia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā testes, akā hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia i nā lymph node. Mālama ʻia ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka lymph node me ka radiotherapy a i ʻole chemotherapy. Pilikia loa ʻo Seminomas i ka radiation radiation.

Nonseminoma: ʻO kēia ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular e ulu wikiwiki aʻe ma mua o seminomas.

Hana pinepine ʻia nā tumokū Nonseminoma i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi ʻano o ke kele, a ʻike ʻia e like me kēia mau ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa.

• Choriocarcinoma (kākaʻikahi)
• Carcinoma Embryonal
• Teratoma
• Tumo ʻeke Yolk

ʻO kahi tumom stromal kahi ʻano laha o ka tumo testicular. ʻAʻole maʻamau lākou i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua o nā tumomoma stromal ka puʻuwai puʻuwai ʻo Leydig a me nā puʻupuʻu cell Sertoli. Kū pinepine nā tumoma Stromal i ka wā kamaliʻi.

ʻAʻohe paha ʻōuli. ʻO ke kanesa e like paha me ka nui o ka ʻeha ʻole i nā testes. Inā loaʻa nā ʻōuli, pili pū paha lākou:

• ʻO ka hōʻoluʻolu a ʻeha paha i ka testicle, a i ʻole ke ʻano kaumaha i ka scrotum
• ʻEha ma ka hope o ka ʻōpū o lalo
• Hoʻonui i ka manaʻo nui a i ʻole kahi loli i ke ʻano o ka manaʻo
• ʻO ka nui o nā kiko o ka umauma (gynecomastia), akā hiki ke hana maʻamau i nā keikikāne ʻōpio ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular
• Lū a ʻōhū paha i kēlā me kēia mea hōʻike

ʻO nā ʻōuli ma nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me ka akemāmā, ʻōpū, pelvis, kua, a i ʻole ka lolo, e laha pū paha inā ua palahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o nā testicle.

Hōʻike pinepine kahi hoʻokolohua kino i kahi puʻupuʻu paʻa (nui) i kekahi o nā testicle. Ke mālama ke kahu mālama ola i ke kukui uila i ka scrotum, ʻaʻole hele ke kukui i ka puʻupuʻu. Kapa ʻia kēia hōʻike he transillumination.

ʻO nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe kekahi:

• ʻO ka scanʻana o ka ʻōpū a me ka pelvic CT
• Nā hoʻokolohua koko no nā māka tumo: alpha fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta HCG), a me lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• ʻO Ultrasound o ka scrotum
• ʻImi iwi a me ke poʻo CT scan (e nānā no ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā iwi a me ke poʻo)
• Lolo MRI

Kaukaʻi pili i ka:

• ʻAno o ka tumo testicular
• ʻO ke anu o ka tumo

I ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻo ka hana mua ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ke kele maʻi ʻaʻai e ke ana ʻana ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hiki i nā hunaola ke seminoma, nonseminoma, a i ʻole ʻelua.

ʻO ka hana hou e hoʻoholo ai i ka lōʻihi o ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo "staging."

• ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai I ma waho o ka testicle.
• Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai pae i nā lymph node i loko o ka ʻōpū.
• Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻa pae III ma ʻō aku o nā lymph node (hiki i ke ake, nā māmā, a me ka lolo).

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ʻekolu ʻano lapaʻau.

• Lawe ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻoki ʻia ka testicle (orchiectomy).
• Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kukuna kiʻekiʻe x a i ʻole nā ​​kukuna ikaika loa ma hope o ke kaha ʻana e pale ai i ka hoʻi ʻana o ka tumo. Hoʻohana wale ʻia ka radiation radiation no ka mālama ʻana i nā seminomas.
• Hoʻohana ʻo Chemotherapy i nā lāʻau e hoʻomake ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi loa kēia hana i ke ola no nā poʻe me nā seminomas a me nā nonseminomas.

ʻO ka hui ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo kahi e puʻunaue ai nā lālā i nā ʻike maʻamau a me nā pilikia hiki ke kōkua pinepine i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular kekahi o nā maʻi ʻaʻai ʻoi loa.

ʻO ke ola ola no nā kāne me ka seminoma pae mua (ʻo ke ʻano ʻoi loa o ka maʻi ʻaʻa testicular) ʻoi aku ma mua o 95%. ʻO ke ola ola ʻole o ka maʻi no ka Stage II a me nā maʻi ʻoi III he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ia, e like me ka nui o ka tumo a ke hoʻomaka ʻia ka lapaʻau.

E laha paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. ʻO nā pūnaewele maʻamau ka:

• Akepaʻa
• Lungs
• Retroperitoneal wahi (ka wahi kokoke i nā puʻupaʻa ma hope o nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka ʻōpū wahi)
• Lolo
• Iwi

Hiki i nā pilikia o ke kahakaha ke hoʻopili:

• Kahe a me ka maʻi ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana
• Infertility (inā hemo ʻelua mau testicle)

Hoʻonui ka makaʻu o ka poʻe ʻo maʻi testicular i ka hoʻomohala ʻana:

• ʻO nā maʻi maʻi ʻelua (ʻo ka maʻi ʻelua ka hanana i nā wahi like ʻole o ke kino e ulu ana ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai mua)
• Nā maʻi puʻuwai
• Metabolic maʻi pale

Eia kekahi, ʻo nā pilikia lōʻihi loa i ka poʻe i pakele i ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa e hoʻopili pū paha:

• Neuropathy ākea
• Maʻi maʻi ʻōniʻoniʻo
• Poino i ka pepeiao o loko mai nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

Inā manaʻo ʻoe makemake ʻoe e loaʻa nā keiki i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e noi i kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i nā ʻano hana e mālama i kāu sperm no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma kahi lā ma hope.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular.

Ke hana nei i kahi hoʻokolohua pilikino ponoʻī (TSE) i kēlā me kēia mahina ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular i kahi wā mua, ma mua o ka pālahalaha ʻana. ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular i ka wanaʻao he mea nui ia no ke kūleʻa ʻana a me ke ola. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole e koi ʻia ka loiloi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular no ka heluna lehulehu ma United States.

Kanesa - testes; ʻŌpuʻu ʻōiwi germ; Ka maʻi ʻaʻai Seminoma testicular; Maʻi ʻaʻai Nonseminoma testicular; ʻO neoplasm testicular

• Chemotherapy - he aha e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka
• ʻO ka radiation radiation - nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka

• Anatomia hānau kāne
• ʻŌnaehana hānau kāne

Einhorn LH. Maʻi ʻaʻai testicular. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 190.

ʻO Friedlander TW, ʻo EJ liʻiliʻi. Maʻi ʻaʻai testicular. I: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. ʻO Oncology Clinical ʻo Abboff. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 83.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. Hoʻomaʻo testicular cancer (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/testicular/hp/testicular-treatment-pdq#section/_85. Hoʻohou ʻia Mei 21, 2020. Loaʻa iā ʻAukake 5, 2020.