ʻAmalika

ʻO Alkalosis kahi kūlana i loaʻa ai i ke kino o ke kino kahi base (alkali). ʻO kēia ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ka nui o ka acid (acidosis).

Mālama nā puʻupaʻa a me nā akemāmā i ke kaulike kūpono (pae PH kūpono) o nā kemika i kapa ʻia nā waikawa a me nā kumu i ke kino. ʻO ke emi ʻana o ke kalapona kalapona (kahi ʻakika) a i ʻole hoʻonui ʻia ka bicarbonate (kahi kumu) pae i ke kino he alkaline kekahi, kahi ʻano i kapa ʻia he alkalosis. Aia kekahi mau ʻano alkalosis. Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau mea ma lalo.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka alkalosis hanu e kahi pae kalapona haʻahaʻa ma loko o ke koko. Hiki ke kumu kēia i:

• Fiva
• Ke noho nei i kahi kiʻekiʻe
• Ka nele o ka oxygen
• Maʻi maʻi ate
• Lung maʻi, i ke kumu oe e hanu wikiwiki (hyperventilate)
• Lāʻau ʻāpala

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka alkalosis metabolic e ka nui o ka bicarbonate i ke koko. Hiki iā ia ke hana ma muli o kekahi mau maʻi puʻupaʻa.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka alkalosis Hypochloremic e ka nele nui a i ʻole ka lilo o ka chloride, e like me ka luaʻi hoʻolōʻihi.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka alkalosis Hypokalemic e ka pane a nā puʻupaʻa i kahi hemahema loa a i ʻole nalo ʻana o ka potassium. Hiki i kēia ke hana mai ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau pila wai (diuretics).

Hana ʻia ka alkalosis uku ʻia ke hoʻi ke kino i ke kaulike acid-base i kokoke i nā manawa maʻamau o nā alkalosis, akā noho mau nā ʻano bicarbonate a me carbon dioxide.

Hiki i nā ʻōuli o ka alkalosis ke hoʻopili i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Huikau (hiki ke holomua i ka stupor a i ʻole koma)
• Weliweli lima
• ʻĀlohilohi
• ʻ .wili mākala
• Nualea, luaʻi
• Numbness a ʻūlū paha i ka maka, nā lima, a me nā wāwae
• Lōʻihi nāʻiʻo spasms (tetany)

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nīnau e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua Laboratory i kauoha ʻia e komo pū:

• ʻImi kinoea Arterial.
• Nā hoʻāʻo Electrolytes, e like me ka pan metabolic maʻamau e hōʻoia i ka alkalosis a hōʻike inā he respiratory a metabolic alkalosis paha ia.

Pono paha nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hoʻoholo i ke kumu o ka alkalosis. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• Pākuʻi x-ray
• Urinalysis
• Mimi pH

E mālama ai i ka alkalosis, pono e ʻike kāu mea hoʻolako i ke kumu kumu.

No ka alkalosis i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hyperventilation, ka hanu ʻana i loko o kahi ʻeke pepa e ʻae iā ʻoe e mālama i ke kalapona kalapona i kou kino, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka alkalosis. Inā haʻahaʻa kāu pae oxygen, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka oxygen.

Pono paha nā lāʻau e hoʻoponopono i ka nalo ʻana o ka kemika (e like me ka chloride a me ka potassium). E nānā kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi (ka mahana, ka lāʻau, ka nui o ka hanu ʻana, a me ke kahe o ke koko).

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hihia alkalosis e pane maikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana.

ʻAʻole mālama ʻia a mālama maikaʻi ʻole ʻia, hiki i nā pilikia ke hoʻopili i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO Arrhythmmias (kuʻi wikiwiki ka puʻuwai, lohi loa, a i ʻole maʻamau)
• Koma
• Uila kaulike ʻole (e like me ka pae potassium haʻahaʻa)

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā huikau ʻoe, ʻaʻole hiki ke noʻonoʻo, a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke "hopu i kou hanu."

E hele i ka lumi pilikia a kāhea paha i ka helu kūloko kūloko (e like me 911) inā aia:

• Ka nalowale o ka ʻike
• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻōuli o ka alkalosis
• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi
• Nā pilikia hanu nui

Pili ka mālama ʻana i ke kumu o ka alkalosis.ʻAʻole loaʻa ka alkalosis koʻikoʻi i ka poʻe me nā puʻupaʻa olakino a me nā akemāmā.

• Nā hakuʻala

ʻO Effros RM, Swenson ER. Koena hoʻowahāwahā kumu. I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 7.

ʻO MS, Briefel G. Ka loiloi ʻana i ka hana o ke kōpaʻa, ka wai, nā electrolytes, a me ke kaulike acid-base. I: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, hua. ʻO kā Henry's Clinical Diagnosis a me Management e nā Laboratory Methods. 23rd Ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 14.

Seifter JL. Nā maʻi kūmole. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 110.