Lāʻau make ʻole

ʻO Paraquat (dipyridylium) kahi mea make lāʻau make (lāʻau make). I ka wā ma mua, ua paipai ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa iā Mekiko e hoʻohana ia mea e luku i nā mea kanu mariuana. Ma hope mai, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi i kēia mea make weliweli i nā limahana nāna i noi i nā mea kanu.

Kūkākūkā kēia ʻatikala i nā pilikia olakino e hiki ke loaʻa mai ka ale ʻana a me ka hanu ʻana i ka paraquat.

ʻO kēia ʻatikala no ka ʻike wale nō. Mai hoʻohana ia mea e mālama a mālama i kahi lāʻau make maoli. Inā loaʻa ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea āu e launa pū ai, e kāhea i kāu helu pilikia kūloko (e like me 911), a i ʻole hiki ke kiʻi pololei ʻia i kahi kikowaena lāʻau make kūloko ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka laina laina kōkua Poison Help free (1-800-222-1222) mai nā wahi a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, hoʻolaha ʻia ka paraquat ma ke ʻano he "kapu kalepa hoʻohana ʻia." Pono nā kānaka e loaʻa kahi laikini e hoʻohana ai i ka huahana.

ʻO ka hanu ʻana i ka paraquat ka mea e hōʻino ai i ka māmā a hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he paraquat lung. kumu ʻino ka paraquat i ke kino ke pili i ka pale o ka waha, ʻōpū, a me nā ʻōpū. Hiki iā ʻoe ke maʻi inā pili ka paraquat i kahi ʻoki o kou ʻili. Hiki i nā Paraquat ke hoʻopōʻino i nā puʻupaʻa, ke ake, a me ka esophagus (ka paipu e iho ana ka meaʻai mai kou waha a hiki i kou ʻōpū).

Inā ale ʻia ka paraquat, hiki wawe ka make. Hiki i ka make ke puka mai kahi lua i ka esophagus, a mai ka wela nui o ka wahi e hoʻopuni ana i nā kīʻaha koko nui a me nā alaloa ma waenakonu o ka umauma.

ʻO ke kū ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi i ka paraquat ke kumu i ka scarring o nā akemāmā i kapa ʻia he fibrosis pulmonary. He mea paʻakikī kēia e hanu.

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka lāʻau make paraquat me:

• ʻO ka wela a me ka ʻeha ma ka ʻāʻī
• Koma
• Hanu paʻakikī
• Nosebleed
• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi
• Pāhaʻi
• Pokole o ka hanu
• ʻEha ʻeha
• ʻO ka luaʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi ka luaʻi o ke koko

E nīnau ʻia ʻoe inā ua hōʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka paraquat. Lawe i ka ipu me ʻoe i ka haukapila, inā hiki.

E ana a mālama ka mea mālama ola i kāu mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, e like me ka mahana, ka pālū, ka hanu hanu, a me ke kahe o ke koko. ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke koko a me ka mimi
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• ECG (electrocardiogram, a i ʻole ka huli puʻuwai)
• ʻO Bronchoscopy (Tube ma o ka waha a me ka ʻāʻī) e ʻike i nā hōʻino puʻupuʻu
• Endoscopy (Tube ma o ka waha a me ka puʻu) e nānā no nā mea i hōʻino ʻia i ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū

ʻAʻohe mālama kūikawā no ka lāʻau make para para. ʻO ka pahuhopu e hoʻomaha i nā hōʻailona a mālama i nā pilikia. Inā hōʻike ʻia ʻoe, hoʻopili nā hana kōkua mua i:

• Ke wehe nei i nā lole hoʻohaumia ʻia.
• Inā pili ka kemika i kou ʻili, holoi i kahi me ke kopa a me ka wai no 15 mau minuke. Mai holoi ikaika, no ka mea hiki ke haki i kou ʻili a hoʻokuʻu i ka paraquat i loko o kou kino.
• Inā ua komo ka paraquat i kou mau maka, holoi iā lākou me ka wai no 15 mau minuke.
• Inā ʻoe i ale i ka paraquat, e mālama ʻia me ka lanahu i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me ka hiki ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka nui o ke komo i loko o ka gastrointestinal tract. Pono paha ka poʻe maʻi i kahi kaʻina i kapa ʻia ʻo hemoperfusion, kahi e kānana ai i ke koko ma o ka lānahu e hoʻāʻo ai e hemo i nā paraquat mai nā akemāmā.

Ma ka haukapila e loaʻa paha iā ʻoe:

• Hana ʻia nā lanahu e ka waha a i ʻole ka paipu ma o ka ihu i loko o ka ʻōpū inā hāʻawi ke kanaka no ke kōkua i loko o hoʻokahi hola o ke komo ʻana i ka lāʻau make.
• Kākoʻo hanu, me ka oxygen, paipu ma o ka waha i loko o ka puʻu, a me ka mīkini hanu
• Nā Fluids ma o kahi aa (e IV)
• Lapaʻau e mālama i nā ʻōuli

Pili ka hopena i ka nui o ka hōʻike. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke hoʻomohala i nā ʻōuli e pili ana i ka hanu ʻana a loaʻa kahi ola piha. Hiki i nā mea ʻē aʻe ke hoʻololi mau i ko lākou mau māmā. Inā ua ale ke kanaka i ka lāʻau make, make paha me ka ʻole o ka mālama koke ʻia.

Hiki ke hana i kēia mau pilikia mai ka lāʻau make paraquat:

• Hoka maikaʻi ʻole
• ʻO nā puka a kuni paha i ka esophagus
• ʻO ka huhū a me ka maʻi i loko o ka lua o ka umauma, e hoʻopili ana i nā mea ola a me nā kīʻaha koko
• Hewa ʻole nā ​​hakuʻala
• ʻArrkū o ka hāhā

Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua hōʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka paraquat, e ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki ke kiʻi pololei ʻia kāu kikowaena lāʻau hoʻomake lāʻau kūloko ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka laina laina kōkua Poison Help manuahi (1-800-222-1222) mai nā wahi a pau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. E hoʻokuʻu kēia lālani lāhui iā ʻoe e kamaʻilio me nā loea i ka lāʻau make. E hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i nā ʻōkuhi ʻē aʻe.

He lawelawe manuahi kēia a pilikino. Hoʻohana nā kikowaena mālama lāʻau ʻona āpau i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kēia helu aupuni. E kāhea ʻoe inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i ka lāʻau make a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau make. ʻAʻole pono ia e pilikia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhea no nā kumu, 24 mau hola i ka lā, 7 mau lā o ka pule.

E heluhelu i nā lepili ma nā huahana kemika āpau. Mai hoʻohana i kekahi mea i loaʻa ka paraquat. E noho mamao mai nā wahi kahi e hoʻohana ai ia. E mālama i nā mea ʻawahia i kā lākou ipu kumu a mai hiki ʻole i nā keiki.

Lāʻau paraquat

• Lungs

ʻO Blanc PD. Nā pane kūpilikiʻi i nā hōʻike lāʻau make. I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 75.

Welker K, Thompson TM. Pesticides. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 157.