Immunotherapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai

ʻO ka Immunotherapy kekahi ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hilinaʻi ana i ka ʻōnaehana hakakā o ke kino (ʻōnaehana pale). Hoʻohana ia i nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kino a i ʻole i kahi lab e kōkua ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale pale e hana ikaika a i ʻole i kahi ala i māka ʻia e kaua aku i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kōkua kēia i kou kino e kāpae i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hana ka Immunotherapy e:

• Ke kū a hoʻolohi paha i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai
• Ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino
• Ke hoʻonui nei i ka mana o ka ʻōnaehana pale e kāpae i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano pale maʻi no ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Pale ka ʻōnaehana pale ʻole i ke kino mai ka maʻi. Hana ia i kēia ma ke ʻimi ʻana i nā g germ e like me bacteria a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻino a hana i nā protein e hakakā i ka maʻi. Kapa ʻia kēia mau protein i nā mea ʻāpala.

Hiki i nā ʻepekema ke hana i nā mea ʻino kūikawā i loko o kahi keʻena e ʻimi ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai ma kahi o ka bacteria. Kapa ʻia nā monopona monoclonal, he ʻano like pū lākou o ka hoʻomōhala hoʻomōhala.

Ke hana nei kekahi mau antibodies monoclonal ma ka pili ʻana i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Mālama kēia i nā hunaola ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana pale e loaʻa, hoʻouka, a pepehi i nā hunaola.

Ke hana nei nā mea ʻē aʻe monoclonal ma o ka pale ʻana i nā hōʻailona ma ka ʻili o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e haʻi iā ia e māhele.

ʻO kekahi ʻano o ka monoclonal antibody hāpai i ka radiation a i ʻole kahi lāʻau chemotherapy i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau mea pepehi kanaka maʻi maʻi i nā mea pale monoclonal, a laila e hāʻawi i nā toxins i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā monoclonal antibodies i kēia manawa e mālama i ka hapanui o nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO nā "checkpoint" nā mole kikoʻī ma luna o kekahi mau hunaola i huli ʻia a huli ʻia paha ka ʻōnaehana pale e hana i kahi pane pale. Hiki i nā hunaola ʻaʻai ke hoʻohana i kēia mau wahi huli e pale aku i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea.

ʻO nā mea hoʻopaneʻe Immune checkpoint kahi ʻano hou aku o ka monoclonal antibody e hana nei ma kēia mau wahi kikoʻī e hoʻonui ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale i hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻouka i nā hunaola maʻi ʻo

Nā mea kāohi PD-1 hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai.

Nā mea kūpale PD-L1 e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka maʻi ʻaʻa pūhaka, a me ka maʻi kanesa cell Merkel, a ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei e kūʻē i nā ʻano maʻi ʻē aʻe.

Nā lāʻau i kuhi ʻia CTLA-4 mālama melanoma o ka ʻili, maʻi ʻaʻai kolo, a me nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana i kekahi ʻano o ka hoʻololi.

Hoʻonui kēia mau therapies i ka ʻōnaehana pale i ke ala maʻamau ma mua o nā monoclonal antibodies. ʻElua ʻano nui:

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) kōkua i nā hunaola pale e ulu a hoʻokaʻawale hou aku me ka wikiwiki. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi mana lab-i hana ʻia o IL-2 no nā ʻano holomua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka melanoma.

Interferon alpha (INF-alfa) hana i kekahi mau pūnaewele pale i hiki ke hoʻouka aku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻAʻole hoʻohana iki ʻia e mālama:

• Leukemia pūnana huluhulu
• Leukemia myelogenous mau
• ʻO Follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• Cutaneous (ʻili) T-cell lymphoma
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū
• Melanoma
• Kaposi sarcoma

Hoʻohana kēia ʻano o ka therapy i nā mea ʻino i hoʻololi ʻia i loko o kahi hale hana e hoʻopili ai a make i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke make kēia mau hunaola, hoʻokuʻu lākou i nā mea i kapa ʻia he antigens. ʻ telllelo kēia mau antigens i ka ʻōnaehana pale pale e pahuhopu a pepehi i nā hunaola ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kino.

Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano immunotherapy e mālama i ka melanoma.

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao no nā ʻano paleoza no ka maʻi ʻaʻa ʻokoʻa e ka ʻano o ka mālama. Hana ʻia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao kahi i komo ai ka injection a IV paha i loko o ke kino, e hoʻoulu ana i kahi.

• He ʻeha a ʻeha paha
• Pehu
• ulaʻula
• ʻAilana

ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe e pili pū me:

• Flu-e like me nā ʻōuli (fever, chills, weak, headache)
• ʻO Nusea a me ka luaʻi
• Pohā
• Ka ʻeha a ʻeha pū paha
• Luhi nui loa
• ʻEha poʻo
• Kaha haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha
• ʻO ka hoʻohaunaele o ke ake, nā māhū, nā lālā endocrine, nā ʻōpū o ka gastrointestinal, a me ka ʻili

Hiki i kēia mau therapies ke kumu i kahi hopena koʻikoʻi, i kekahi manawa make, a me nā maʻi āpau i ka poʻe i maʻalahi i kekahi mau mea i ka lāʻau. Eia nō naʻe, kākaʻikahi loa kēia.

Hoʻolaola olaola; ʻO Biotherapy

Pūnaewele ʻo Cancer.Net. Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka paleōnaʻi. www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/how-cancer-treated/immunotherapy-and-vaccines/ Understanding-immunotherapy. Hoʻohou Ianuali, 2019. Loaʻa iā Malaki 27, 2020.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. ʻO nā pūnaewele CAR T: hana ʻenekini nā maʻi pale e mālama i kā lākou maʻi ʻaʻai. www.kanes.gov/about-cancer/treatment/research/car-t-cells. Hoʻohou i Iulai 30, 2019. Loaʻa ʻia ma Malaki 27, 2020.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. Immunotherapy e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/immunotherapy. Hoʻohou ʻia Kepakemapa 24, 2019. Loaʻa ʻia ma Malaki 27, 2020.

Tseng D, Schultz L, Pardoll D, Mackall C. Ka maʻi pale maʻi ʻaʻai. I: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. ʻO Oncology Clinical ʻo Abboff. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 6.

• Immunotherapy maʻi ʻaʻai