Nā maʻi Autoimmune

Kū kekahi maʻi autoimmune ke hoʻouka ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino a hoʻopau i nā kino o ke kino i ke kuhihewa. Aia ma mua o 80 mau ʻano o nā maʻi autoimmune.

Kōkua nā hunaola o ke kino i ka pale o ke kino i nā mea hōʻino. ʻO nā laʻana me nā koʻohune, nā mea hoʻomaʻi, nā mea ʻino, nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, a me ke koko a me nā mea mai waho o ke kino. Loaʻa nā mea antigens i kēia mau mea. Hoʻopuka ka ʻōnaehana pale ʻino i nā mea pale kūʻē i kēia mau antigens e hiki ai iā ia ke luku i kēia mau mea ʻino.

Ke loaʻa ʻoe i kahi maʻi autoimmune, ʻaʻole hoʻokaʻawale kāu ʻōnaehana pale i waena o nā mea olakino a me nā antigens weliweli paha. ʻO ka hopena, hoʻonohonoho ke kino i kahi hopena e luku i nā mea maʻamau.

ʻAʻole maopopo ke kumu kūpono o nā maʻi autoimmune. ʻO kekahi kumumanaʻo kekahi o nā microorganism (e like me ka bacteria a i ʻole nā ​​virus) a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau e hoʻonāuki i nā loli e huikau ai ka ʻōnaehana pale. Hiki pinepine paha kēia i nā poʻe i loaʻa nā gen e hoʻonui iā lākou i nā maʻi autoimmune.

Hiki ke hopena i kahi maʻi autoimmune i:

• Ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā kino o ke kino
• Ka ulu ulu ʻole ʻana o kahi meaola
• Hoʻololi i ka hana a ka meaola

Hiki i kahi maʻi autoimmune ke hoʻopili i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā ʻola a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano kiko. Hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻia nā wahi e nā maʻi autoimmune:

• Nā kīʻaha koko
• Nāʻaʻaʻa pili
• ʻO nā gland endocrine e like me ka thyroid a i ʻole pancreas
• Hui pū
• Nā mākala
• Nā hunaola ʻulaʻula
• ʻIli

Loaʻa paha i ke kanaka ka ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi maʻi autoimmune i ka manawa like. ʻO nā maʻi autoimmune maʻamau ka:

• Maʻi Addison
• ʻO ka maʻi Celiac - sprue (enterpathy gluten-sensitive)
• Dermatomyositis
• Maʻi ʻo Graves
• ʻO ka thyroiditis Hashimoto
• Sclerosis lehulehu
• Myasthenia gravis
• Anemia anela
• Pākuʻi reactive
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• ʻO Sjögren maʻi
• ʻO ka lupus erythematosus ʻōnaehana
• ʻAno I diabetes

E loli nā ʻōuli, ma muli o ke ʻano a me ka wahi o ka pane pale ʻino. ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau ka:

• Ka luhi
• Fiva
• ʻO ka manaʻo maʻi maʻamau (malaise)
• ʻEha hui
• Rash

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. Pili nā ʻōuli i ke ʻano o ka maʻi.

Nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia ai e kuhikuhi i kahi maʻi autoimmune me:

• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana antinuclear antibody
• Nā hoʻāʻo Autoantibody
• CBC
• Panela metabolic piha
• C-reactive protein (CRP)
• Ka helu sedimentation ʻErythrocyte (ESR)
• Urinalysis

ʻO nā pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana i:

• Kaohi i ke kaʻina hana autoimmune
• Mālama i ka hiki i ke kino ke hakakā i nā maʻi
• E hōʻemi i nā ʻōuli

E pili nā mālama ʻana i kāu maʻi a me nā ʻōuli. Nā ʻano o nā mālama ʻana:

• Pākuʻi e pani i kahi mea i nele i ke kino, e like me ka thyroid hormone, wikamina B12, a i ʻole ka insulin, ma muli o ka maʻi autoimmune.
• Hoʻopili ke koko inā pili ke koko
• E kōkua i ka hoʻōla kino me ke neʻe inā pili nā iwi, nā hono, a me nā mākala

Lawe ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i nā lāʻau e hoʻemi i ka pane kino ʻole o ka ʻōnaehana pale. Kāhea pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea he lāʻau hoʻomalu. ʻO nā laʻana me nā corticosteroids (e like me prednisone) a me nā lāʻau nonsteroid e like me azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate, sirolimus, a i ʻole tacrolimus. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau i māka ʻia e like me ka maʻi tumrosis factor (TNF) a me nā mea hoʻopili Interleukin no kekahi mau maʻi.

Pili ka hopena i ka maʻi. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi autoimmune he mau, akā hiki i nā mea he nui ke kaohi ʻia me ka lāʻau.

Hiki i nā ʻōuli o nā maʻi autoimmune ke hele mai a hele. Ke hele a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻōuli, kapa ʻia ia he lapalapa.

Pili ka pilikia i ka maʻi. ʻO nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e kāohi i ka ʻōnaehana pale pale hiki ke hana i nā hopena ʻino loa, e like me ka nui o ka hopena o nā maʻi.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i nā ʻōuli o kahi maʻi autoimmune.

ʻAʻohe pale e ʻike ʻia no ka nui o nā maʻi autoimmune.

• Maʻi maʻi kupapaʻu
• Maʻi ʻo Hashimoto (thyroiditis mau)
• Sclerosis lehulehu
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• ʻO ka lupus erythematosus ʻōnaehana
• ʻO ka wai Synovial
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Nā Antibodies

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Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi. I: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, eds. ʻO Robbins a me Cotran Pathologic Basis o ka maʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 6.

ʻO Peakman M, ʻo B Auckland MS. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi a me ka maʻi. I: Kumar P, Clark M, eds. ʻO Kauka Lapaʻau ʻo Kumar lāua ʻo Clarke. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 8.

ʻO Winter WE, Harris NS, Merkel KL, Collinsworth AL, Clapp WL. Nā maʻi maʻi autoimmune kikoʻī. I: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, hua. ʻO kā Henry's Clinical Diagnosis a me Management e nā Laboratory Methods. 23rd Ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 54.