Epiglottitis

ʻO Epiglottitis ka mumū o ka epiglottis. ʻO kēia ka mea i uhi i ka trachea (windpipe). Hiki i ka Epiglottitis ke lilo i maʻi hoʻoweliweli.

ʻO ka epiglottis kahi ʻoʻoleʻa, akā hiki ke maʻalahi (kapa ʻia ka cartilage) ma ka hope o ke alelo. Pani ia i kāu puka makani (trachea) ke moni ʻoe i ʻole komo ka meaʻai i kou ala ʻūlū. Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka huehue a ʻūʻū paha ma hope o ka ale ʻana.

I nā keiki, hana pinepine ʻia ka epiglottitis e ka bacteria Haemophilus influenzae (H influenzae) ʻano B. I nā mākua, pili pinepine ia i nā bacteria ʻē aʻe e like me ʻO Strepcoccus pneumoniae, a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻino e like me herpes simplex virus a me varicella-zoster.

ʻAno maʻamau ʻo Epiglottitis i kēia manawa no ka mea hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ka lāʻau H type influenzae B (Hib) i nā keiki āpau. ʻO ka maʻi i ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā keiki o ka makahiki 2 a hiki i ka 6. I nā hanana kakaikahi, hiki i ka epiglottitis ke hana i nā mākua.

Hoʻomaka ka Epiglottitis me ke kuni kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻāʻīʻeha. Hiki i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe ke:

• Kani hanu maʻamau (stridor)
• Fiva
• ʻO kaʻili kala polū (cyanosis)
• Drooling
• Ka hanu paʻakikī ʻana (pono paha i ke kanaka e noho kū i luna a wīwī iki i mua e hanu)
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana
• Hoʻololi leo (hoarseness)

Hiki i nā alaloa ke lilo i mea paʻa loa, kahi e hopena ai i ka hopu ʻia ʻana o ka naʻau a me ka make.

Hiki i ka Epiglottitis ke lilo i pilikia olakino. E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. Mai hoʻohana i kekahi mea e kaomi i ke alelo i lalo e hoʻāʻo e nānā i ka ʻāʻī ma ka home. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hoʻonui ai i ke kūlana.

Hiki i ka mea mālama ola ke nānā i ka pahu leo ​​(larynx) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke aniani liʻiliʻi i kū i ka hope o ka ʻāʻī. A i ʻole e hoʻohana ʻia i kahi paipu nānā i kapa ʻia he laryngoscope. Hana maikaʻi ʻia kēia hoʻokolohua i loko o ka lumi hana a i ʻole kahi hoʻonohonoho like kahi e maʻalahi ai ka mālama ʻana i nā pilikia hanu.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• ʻO ka moʻomeheu koko a i ʻole ka moʻomeheu ʻāʻī
• Helu piha koko (CBC)
• Kālā x-ray

Pono kahi noho ma ka haukapila, ma ka maʻamau i kahi keʻena mālama nui (ICU).

Hoʻopili ka hana i nā hana e kōkua ai i ke kanaka e hanu, me:

• ʻO ka hanu hanu (intubation)
• Mākehu (hoʻāhu ʻia) oxygen

Hiki i nā mālama ʻē aʻe ke:

• Nā Antibiotics e mālama i ka maʻi
• ʻO nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory, i kapa ʻia ʻo corticosteroids, e hoʻēmi i ka puhā o ka ʻāʻī
• Nā Fluids i hāʻawi ʻia ma o kahi aa (e IV)

Hiki i ka Epiglottitis ke lilo i pilikia weliweli. Me ka lapaʻau kūpono, maikaʻi ka hopena ma mua.

ʻO ka hanu paʻakikī ka lohi, akā kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi. Hiki i ka Spasm ke hoʻopau i nā ala ākea a pau. A i ʻole, ālai ʻia paha nā alaloa. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau hanana i hopena i ka make.

Pale ka lāʻau pale Hib i ka hapanui o nā keiki mai ka epiglottitis.

ʻO ka bacteria maʻamau (H influenza ʻano b) ʻo ia ke kumu e laha maʻalahi ai ka epiglottitis. Inā maʻi kekahi o kou ʻohana mai kēia bacteria, pono e hoʻāʻo a mālama ʻia kekahi o nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe.

ʻO Supraglottitis

• Anatomia kuʻi
• Meaola Haemophilus influenzae

Nayak JL, Weinberg GA. Epiglottitis. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 63.

ʻO Rodrigues KK, Roosevelt GE. ʻO ke ākea o ke ala ākea ākea ākea (croup, epiglottitis, laryngitis, a me ka tracheitis bacteria). I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 412.