Anemia anela

ʻO ke Anemia kahi ʻano i lawa ʻole ke kino i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula olakino. Hāʻawi nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i ka oxygen i nā aʻa o ke kino. Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano anemia.

ʻO ka anemia Pernicious kahi hōʻemi o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i hiki ke hiki ʻole i nā ʻōpū ke omo pono i ka wikamina B12.

ʻO ka anemia Pernicious kahi ʻano o ka huaola B12 anemia. Pono ke kino i ka wikamina B12 e hana i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula. Loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia huaola mai ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai e like me ka ʻiʻo, nā moa, nā pūpū, nā hua manu, a me nā huahana waiū.

ʻO kahi protein kūikawā, i kapa ʻia ʻo intrinsic factor (IF), hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia ka wikamina B12 i hiki ai ke komo i loko o nā ʻōpū. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia protein e nā hunaola i loko o ka ʻōpū. Ke lawa ʻole ka ʻōpū i nā kumu intrinsic, ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻōpū ke omo pono i ka wikamina B12.

Mau kumu o ka pernicious anemia nā:

• Nāwaliwali o ka ʻōpū lī (atrophic gastritis)
• ʻO kahi kūlana autoimmune kahi e hoʻouka ai ke kino o ke kino i ka protein protein maoli a i ʻole nā ​​pūnaewele i ka uhi o kou ʻōpū nāna e hana.

I nā hihia maʻamau, waiho ʻia ka anemia pernicious i loko o nā ʻohana. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ka anemia kūnewa kūnewa. ʻO nā pēpē me kēia ʻano anemia ʻaʻole lawa nā kumu intrinsic. A i ʻole hiki ʻole iā lākou ke omo pono i ka wikamina B12 i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.

I ka poʻe mākua, ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka anemia ʻino pernicious a hiki i ka hala ʻana o ka makahiki 30.

E hoʻomohala paha ʻoe i kēia maʻi inā ʻoe:

• ʻO Scandinavian a ʻĀkau ʻEulopa paha
• Loaʻa i kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o kēia ʻano

Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi ke hāpai i kou makaʻu. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• Maʻi Addison
• Maʻi maʻi kupapaʻu
• Hypoparathyroidism
• Hypothyroidism
• Myasthenia gravis
• Loaʻa ka hana maʻamau o nā ovaries ma mua o 40 mau makahiki (ʻole ovarian mua)
• ʻAno diabetes he 1
• Hewa nā hōʻike
• Vitiligo
• ʻO Sjögren maʻi
• Maʻi Hashimoto
• Maʻi Celiac

Hiki ke hana ʻia kekahi anemia ʻaihue ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana o ka gastric.

ʻAʻohe o kekahi poʻe i hōʻailona. Māmā paha nā ʻōuli.

Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili:

• Pohā a paʻa paʻa paha
• Nusea
• ʻO ka luaʻi
• Ka luhi, nele i ka ikaika, a i ʻole lightheadedness ke kū i luna a i ʻole me ka hoʻoikaika
• Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole
• ʻO ka ʻili pale
• Ka hanu ʻana, ka hapa nui i ka wā hoʻoikaika kino
• Puʻuwai puʻuwai
• Pehu, alelo ʻulaʻula a i ʻole gums kahe

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi haʻahaʻa vitamona B12 haʻahaʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻeha i nā ʻōnaehana. Hiki i nā ʻōuli ke hoʻohui pū:

• Huikau
• Lilo hoʻomanaʻo pōkole
• Kaumaha
• Lilo o ke kaulike
• Numbness a me ke kani ʻana i nā lima a me nā wāwae
• Hoʻopilikia i nā pilikia
• Huhū
• Nā Haleluʻa
• Nā manaʻo hoʻopunipuni
• Hoʻoiho optic nerve

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Ninaninau iwi ʻōiwi (pono wale nō inā maopopo ʻole ka ʻike ʻana)
• Helu piha koko (CBC)
• Helu helu Retikulosit
• Pae LDH
• Serum bilirubin
• ʻO ka pae Methylmalonic acid (MMA)
• ʻO ka pae homocysteine ​​(amino acid i loaʻa i ke koko)
• ʻO ka pae Vitamin B12
• Nā pae o nā mea pale e kūʻē iā IF a i nā keena e hana iā IF

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e hoʻonui i kāu pae vitamin B12:

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kahi kī o ka huaora B12 i hoʻokahi manawa i ka mahina. Pono paha ka poʻe me nā pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o B12 i mau kiʻi hou i ka hoʻomaka.
• Hiki ke mālama pono ʻia kekahi poʻe e ka lawe ʻana i nā kaha nui o nā huamini B12 e ka waha.
• Hāʻawi ʻia kekahi ʻano wikamina B12 ma o ka ihu.

Hana maikaʻi ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ka lāʻau.

He mea nui ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o ka mālama ʻana. Hiki ke mau ka hōʻino ʻana o ke aʻa inā ʻaʻole hoʻomaka ka lapaʻau ma waena o 6 mau mahina o nā ʻōuli.

ʻO ka poʻe me ka anemia anemia hiki ke loaʻa i nā polyps gastric. Hoʻolālā paha lākou i ka maʻi ʻaʻai gastric a me nā tumors gastric carcinoid.

ʻO ka poʻe me ka anemia anemia hiki ke loaʻa nā haʻi o ke kua, ka wāwae o luna, a me ka forearm luna.

Hiki ke hoʻomau a mau paha nā pilikia o ka lolo a me nā ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana inā hoʻolohi ʻia ka lāʻau.

ʻO ka wahine me ka pae B12 haʻahaʻa e loaʻa paha iā Pap smear maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻo ka hemahema o ka wikamina B12 ka hopena o ke ʻano o kekahi mau hunaola (epithelial cells) i ka cervix ke nānā aku.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka hemahema o ka wikamina B12.

ʻAʻohe ala i ʻike ʻia e pale aku ai i kēia ʻano wikamina B12 anemia. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā pilikia.

Anemia achylic Macrocytic; Anemia pernicious anemia; Anemia aniani makehewa ʻōpio; Deficiamina B12 deficit (malabsorption); Anemia - kumu nui maoli; Anemia - IF; Anemia - gastritis atrophic; Anemia biermer; Addison anemia

• Anemia Megaloblastic - nānā i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula

ʻO Antony AC. Nā anemias Megaloblastic. I: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Nā Kumumanaʻo a me ka Hoʻomeheu. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 39.

Anusha V. Anemia anemia / megaloblastic anemia. I: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. ʻO Conn's Current Therapy 2020. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 446-448.

ʻO Elghetany MT, Schexneider KI, Banki K. Nā maʻi Erythrocytic. I: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, hua. ʻO kā Henry's Clinical Diagnosis a me Management e nā Laboratory Methods. 23rd Ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 32.

ʻO RT. Hele i nā anemias. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 149.