ʻO ka leukemia myeloid koʻikoʻi - makua

ʻO ka leukemia myeloid ākea (AML) ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i loko o ka iwi iwi. ʻO kēia nā mea palupalu i waenakonu o nā iwi e kōkua ai e hana i nā hunaola āpau. Ulu ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai nā hunaola e lilo maʻamau i mau hunaola keokeo.

Acute ʻo ia hoʻi, ulu koke ka maʻi a maʻa mau kahi papa hakakā.

ʻO ka AML kekahi o nā ʻano leukemia ma waena o nā mākua.

ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka AML i nā kāne ma mua o ka wahine.

Kōkua ka iwi iwi i ke kino e hakakā i nā maʻi a hana i nā ʻāpana koko ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā poʻe me ka AML he nui nā pūnaewele immature maikaʻi ʻole i loko o ko lākou iwi iwi. Piʻi koke nā hunaola, a hoʻololi i nā hunaola olakino olakino. A ʻo kahi hopena, ʻoi aku ka maʻi o nā poʻe me AML. Loaʻa iā lākou ka hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ke kahe ʻana i ka emi ʻana o nā helu o nā hunaola olakino maikaʻi.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole hiki i kahi mea mālama ola ke haʻi iā ʻoe i ke kumu o ka AML. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā mea aʻe ke alakaʻi i kekahi ʻano leukemia, me AML:

• Nā maʻi o ke koko, me polycythemia vera, thrombositosis pono, a me myelodysplasia
• Kekahi kemika (ʻo kahi laʻana, benzene)
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau chemotherapy, e like me ka etoposide a me nā lāʻau i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he alkylating agents
• Hōʻike i kekahi mau kemika a me nā mea hoʻopōʻino
• Pāhawewe
• ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali ma muli o kahi hoʻoliʻiliʻi o nā meaola

Hiki paha i nā pilikia me kāu gen ke hoʻokumu i ka AML.

ʻAʻohe o AML mau hōʻailona kikoʻī. ʻO nā ʻōuli i ʻike nui ʻia ma muli o nā kūlana pili. Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli o AML i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Kahe mai ka ihu
• ʻO ke kahe ʻana a me ka pehu ʻana (laha ʻole) i nā gum
• ʻUpala
• ʻEha iwi a palupalu paha
• Fiva a me ka luhi
• Nā wā menstrual kaumaha
• ʻIli pale
• Ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu (ʻoi aku ka hewa me ka hoʻoikaika kino)
• Kaumaha emi

E hana ka mea hāʻawi i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. Aia paha he mau hōʻailona o ke ākea, ka ake, a i ʻole nā ​​lymph node. Hana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo:

• Hiki i kahi helu piha o ke koko (CBC) ke hōʻike i ka anemia a me ka helu haʻahaʻa o nā platelet. Hiki ke kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa, a maʻamau paha kahi helu keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo (WBC).
• E hōʻike ka makemake o ka iwi o ka iwi a me ka biopsy inā aia nā huna leukemia.

Inā ʻike kāu mea hāʻawi iā ʻoe kēia ʻano leukemia, e hana hou ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻoholo ai i kahi ʻano AML. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Subtypes i nā loli kikoʻī i nā gen (mutation) a pehea e ʻike ʻia ai nā leukemia ma lalo o ka microscope.

Hoʻopili ka hana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau (chemotherapy) e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano AML e mālama ʻia me nā lāʻau chemotherapy ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi.

Pepehi ʻo Chemotherapy i nā pūnaewele maʻamau. Hiki i kēia ke kumu i nā hopena ʻē aʻe e like me:

• Hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ke kahe
• Hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no ka maʻi (makemake paha kāu kauka e kāpae iā ʻoe mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e pale aku i ka maʻi maʻi)
• Ka emi o ke kaupaona (pono ʻoe e ʻai i nā calorie keu)
• ʻEha nā waha

Hiki i nā hana kākoʻo ʻē aʻe no AML ke:

• Nā Antibiotics e mālama i ka maʻi
• Hoʻopiʻi ke koko ʻulaʻula e kaua i ka anemia
• Hoʻohui platelet e kāohi i ke kahe

Hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia kahi ʻōiwi iwi (stem cell) transplant. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia hoʻoholo e nā kumu he nui, e like me:

• ʻO kou mau makahiki a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa
• Hoʻololi kekahi ʻano kūʻauhau i nā hunaola leukemia
• ʻO ka loaʻa o nā mea hāʻawi

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomāmā i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ma ke komo ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ke kaʻana ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻike a me nā pilikia maʻamau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ʻole.

Ke hōʻike ʻole kahi biopsy o ka iwi iwi i ka hōʻike o AML, ʻōlelo ʻia ʻoe i ke kala ʻana. Maikaʻi kou hilinaʻi ʻana i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa a me ka subtype o nā genet AML.

ʻAʻole like ka kala ʻana me kahi lāʻau lapaʻau. Pono hou ʻia ka hoʻōla hou ʻana, a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka chemotherapy a i ʻole ka hoʻoneʻe iwi o ka iwi.

Me ka lapaʻau ʻana, ʻōpio ka poʻe ʻōpio me ka AML ma mua o ka poʻe i hoʻomohala i ka maʻi i ka ʻelemakule makahiki. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke ola o 5 mau makahiki i nā mākua ma mua o ka poʻe ʻōpio. ʻ saylelo ka poʻe loea he hapa kēia ma muli o ka hiki i ka poʻe ʻōpio ke hoʻomanawanui i nā lāʻau chemotherapy ikaika. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka leukemia i ka poʻe ʻelemakule e kū i ka pale aku i nā mālama o kēia wā.

Inā ʻaʻole hoʻi ka maʻi ʻaʻai (hoʻi hou) ma waena o 5 mau makahiki o ka ʻike, hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia ʻoe.

Kāhea i kahi manawa me kāu mea hāʻawi inā ʻoe:

• Hoʻolālā i nā ʻōuli o AML
• Loaʻa iā AML a loaʻa kahi kuni e hele ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi

Inā ʻoe e hana a puni ka radiation a i ʻole nā ​​kemika e pili ana i ka leukemia, e ʻaʻa mau i nā mea pale.

Huʻi myelogenous leukemia; AML; Huikau granulosittic leukemia; Leukemia nonlymphocytic huikau (ANLL); Leukemia - myeloid huikau (AML); Leukemia - huehue granulocytic; Leukemia - nonlymphocytic (ANLL)

• Hoʻoneʻe iwi iwi - hoʻokuʻu

• Auer koʻokoʻo
• ʻO ka leukemia monocytic huikau - ʻili
• Nā pūnaewele koko

ʻO Appelbaum FR. Leukemias huehue i nā mākua. I: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. ʻO Oncology Clinical ʻo Abboff. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 95.

Faderl S, Kantarjian HM. Nā hōʻike maʻi a me ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia myeloid huikau. I: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Nā Kumumanaʻo a me ka Hoʻomeheu. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 59.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia myeloid hōʻeha makua (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/adult-aml-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou i ʻAukake 11, 2020. Loaʻa iā ʻOkakopa 9, 2020.