Nā hoʻāʻo a kipa ma mua o ke kaha

E makemake ana kāu mea lōkō e mākaukau no ka ʻoki ʻana. E hana ai i kēia, loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi nānā a me nā hoʻokolohua ma mua o ke kaha ʻana.

Hiki i nā poʻe ʻokoʻa o kāu kime ʻokiʻoki ke nīnau iā ʻoe i nā nīnau like ma mua o kāu ʻoki. ʻO kēia no ka mea pono i kāu hui e hōʻiliʻili i ka nui o ka ʻike i hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā hopena ʻoki maikaʻi loa. E hoʻāʻo e hoʻomanawanui inā ʻoe e nīnau ʻia i nā nīnau like ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa.

ʻO ka Pre-op ka manawa ma mua o kāu ʻoki. ʻO ia hoʻi "ma mua o ka hana." I kēia manawa, e hui ʻoe me kekahi o kāu kauka. ʻO kēia paha kāu kaukukō a i ʻole kauka mālama mua:

• Pono e hana i kēia māka ʻana i loko o ka mahina ma mua o ke kaha ʻana. Hāʻawi kēia i kāu kauka i ka manawa e mālama i nā pilikia olakino āu i loaʻa ai ma mua o kāu ʻoki ʻana.
• Ma kēia kipa ʻana, e nīnau ʻia ʻoe e pili ana i kou olakino i nā makahiki. Kāhea ʻia kēia "lawe i kāu mōʻaukala olakino." E hana pū kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua kino.
• Inā ʻoe e ʻike i kāu kauka mālama mua no kāu hōʻoia pre-op, e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻike i kāu haukapila a i ʻole ke kauka.

Nīnau pū kekahi mau haukapila iā ʻoe e kamaʻilio kelepona a e launa me kahi kahu maʻi anesthesia pre-op ma mua o ke kahakaha ʻana e kūkā kamaʻilio i kou olakino.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kāu anesthesiologist i ka pule ma mua o ke kahakaha ʻana. E hāʻawi kēia kauka iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau e hiamoe ai ʻoe a ʻaʻole ʻeha i ka wā o ke ʻoki.

E makemake ana kāu kauka lāʻau e hōʻoia i nā ʻano olakino ʻē aʻe āu e loaʻa ʻole ai i nā pilikia i kou wā ʻoki. No laila pono ʻoe e kipa:

• ʻO ke kauka puʻuwai (cardiologist), inā he mōʻaukala kou ma nā puʻuwai a i ʻole inā puhi nui ʻoe, loaʻa i ke koko kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka maʻisā, a i ʻole ʻano hele a ʻaʻole hiki ke hele i kahi alapiʻi.
• He kauka diabetes (endocrinologist), inā he maʻi diabetes ʻoe a i ʻole inā he kiʻekiʻe kāu hōʻike kō kō ʻana i kāu kōpaʻa pre-op.
• ʻO kahi kauka hiamoe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi apnea moe pōpoki, ʻo ia ke kumu e ʻoki ai a i ʻole kū i ka hanu ke hiamoe ʻoe.
• ʻO ke kauka nāna e mālama i nā maʻi koko (hematologist), inā ua loaʻa ʻoe i ke kahe koko i ka wā ma mua a i ʻole he mau ʻohana pili kou i loaʻa i ke koko.
• ʻO kāu mea mālama mālama mua no ka loiloi i kāu pilikia olakino, hōʻike, a me nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai ma mua o ke kahakaha ʻana.

E haʻi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe pono ʻoe i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua ma mua o ke kaha ʻana. ʻO kekahi mau ho'āʻo no nā mea maʻi āpau. Hana ʻia nā poʻe ʻē aʻe inā pilikia ʻoe i kekahi ʻano olakino.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau e noi ai kāu kauka iā ʻoe inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• ʻO nā hoʻokolohua koko e like me ka helu piha o ke koko (CBC) a me nā hakuʻala, nā ake, a me nā hōʻike kō kō kō
• Pākuʻi x-ray e nānā i kāu mau māmā
• ECG (electrocardiogram) e nānā i kou puʻuwai

E noi paha kekahi o nā kauka a me nā kauka iā ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe. Aia kēia i ka:

• ʻO kou mau makahiki a me kou olakino laulā
• Nā pilikia a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia i loaʻa iā ʻoe
• Ke ʻano o ke ʻoki ʻana āu e hana nei

Pili pū paha kēia mau hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe:

• ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e nānā i ka uhi o kou ʻōpū a i ʻole ʻōpū, e like me ke kolona a i ʻole endoscopy luna
• Hōʻaʻo koʻikoʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻokolohua puʻuwai
• Nā hoʻāʻo hana lung
• Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi, e like me ka scan MRI, CT scan, a i ʻole hoʻāʻo ultrasound

E ʻike pono i nā kauka nāna i hana i kāu mau hoʻokolohua pre-op e hoʻouna i nā hopena i kāu kauka. Kōkua kēia i ka mālama ʻana i kāu kahakaha ʻana.

Ma mua o ke kaha ʻana - nā hoʻāʻo; Ma mua o ke kaha ʻana - kipa ke kauka

Levett DZ, Edwards M, Grocott M, Mythen M. Hoʻomākaukau i ka mea maʻi no ke ʻoki e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hopena. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻoi loa Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2016; 30 (2): 145-157. PMID: 27396803 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28687213/.

Neumayer L, Ghalyaie N. Nā loina o ke ʻoki mua a me ka hana. I: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ʻO Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 20 ouk. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 10.

Sandberg WS, Dmochowski R, Beauchamp RD. Ka palekana i ke ʻano ʻoki kino. I: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ʻO Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 20 ouk. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 9.

• ʻOki kino