Norovirus - haukapila
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ʻO Norovirus kahi maʻi (germ) e kumu ai i ka maʻi o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū. Hiki ke pālahalaha maʻalahi ʻo Norovirus i nā hoʻonohonoho mālama olakino. E heluhelu e aʻo ai pehea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi o ka norovirus inā ʻoe i ka haukapila.
No nā hui like ʻole nā virus he nui, a maʻalahi wale lākou e hoʻolaha. ʻO ka laha ʻana i nā hoʻonohonoho mālama olakino hikiwawe a paʻakikī e kaohi.
Hoʻomaka nā hōʻailona ma waena o 24 a 48 mau hola o ka maʻi, a hiki ke hala no 1 a 3 mau lā. Hiki ke koʻikoʻi ke diarrhea a me ka luaʻi, ke alakaʻi nei i ke kino ʻaʻole lawa nā wai (make wai).
Hiki i kekahi ke lilo i maʻi me ka norovirus. ʻO nā mea maʻi o ka haukapila i elemakule, ʻōpio loa, a i ʻole maʻi loa e hōʻeha loa ʻia e nā maʻi norovirus.
Hiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi Norovirus i kēlā me kēia manawa i ka makahiki. Hiki ke pālahalaha ke hele ka poʻe:
- Hoʻopā i nā mea a i ʻole nā papa i haumia, a laila kau i ko lākou mau lima i ko lākou waha. (Contaminated ʻo ia hoʻi aia ka germ norovirus ma luna o ka mea a i ʻole ka ʻili.)
- ʻAi a inu paha i kahi mea i haumia.
Hiki ke maʻi ʻia me ka norovirus ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i kou ola.
ʻAʻole pono ka hapanui o nā hihia i ka hoʻāʻo. I kekahi mau hihia, hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana no ka norovirus e hoʻomaopopo ai i kahi ʻōlaʻi, e like me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi haukapila. Hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo e ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kahi pahu a i ʻole kahi luaʻi luaʻi a hoʻouna aku iā ia i kahi lab.
ʻAʻole mālama ʻia nā maʻi Norovirus me nā lāʻau antibiotic no ka mea make nā antibiotic i ka bacteria, ʻaʻole nā mea ʻino. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā wai keu hou aʻe ma o kahi aa (IV, a i ʻole intravenous) ke ala ʻoi loa e pale aku ai i ke kino mai ka maloʻo.
Hoʻoholo pinepine nā ʻōuli ma 2 a 3 mau lā. ʻOiai paha e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka poʻe, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolaha i ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe a hiki i nā hola 72 (i kekahi mau hanana 1 a 2 mau pule) ma hope o ka pau ʻana o kā lākou hōʻailona.
Pono nā limahana o ka haukapila a me nā malihini kipa e noho mau i ka home inā ʻike lākou i ka maʻi a i ʻole he kuni, diarrhea, a nausea paha. Pono lākou e kūkākūkā me kā lākou ʻoihana olakino ʻoihana ma kā lākou ʻoihana. Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i ka haukapila. E hoʻomanaʻo, he aha paha ka pilikia olakino liʻiliʻi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke lilo i pilikia olakino nui no kekahi ma ka haukapila i maʻi ʻē.
ʻOiai ʻaʻohe wī norovirus, pono nā limahana a me nā malihini kipa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine i ko lākou mau lima:
- ʻO ka holoi lima ʻana me ke kopa a me ka wai e pale i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā maʻi āpau.
- Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima ʻalekoke ma waena o ka holoi lima.
Hoʻonoho ʻia ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka norovirus i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. ʻO kēia kahi ala e hana i nā mea pale i waena o nā kānaka a me nā g germ.
- Pale ia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā g nā mea koʻokoʻo ma waena o nā limahana, hoʻomanawanui, a me nā mea kipa.
- ʻO ka kaʻawale he 48 a 72 mau hola ma hope o ka hele ʻana o nā ʻōuli.
Pono nā limahana a me nā limahana olakino e:
- E hoʻohana i nā lole kūpono, e like me nā mikina hoʻokaʻawale a me ke kapa komo ke komo i kahi lumi o ka mea maʻi kū kaʻawale.
- E kau i kahi pale maka ke loaʻa ka manawa o ka pīpī ʻana i nā wai o ke kino.
- Hoʻomaʻemaʻe mau a hoʻomaʻemaʻe mau i nā papa i nā maʻi i hoʻopā i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
- Palena i ka neʻe ʻana i nā mea maʻi i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka haukapila.
- E mālama i nā mea o ka mea hoʻomanawanui i loko o nā ʻeke kūikawā a hoʻolei i nā mea hoʻolilo.
ʻO kēlā me kēia mea e kipa aku ana i kahi mea maʻi i loaʻa kahi hōʻailona hoʻokaʻawale ma waho o ko lākou puka e kū ma ke keʻena kahu ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka lumi o ka mea maʻi.
Gastroenteritis - norovirus; Colitis - norovirus; Ua loaʻa ka maʻi i ka haukapila - norovirus
Dolin R, Treanor JJ. Noroviruses a me nā sapoviruses (caliciviruses). I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 176.
ʻO Franco MA, Greenberg HB. ʻO Rotaviruses, noroviruses, a me nā virus ʻōpū ʻē aʻe. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 356.
- Gastroenteritis
- Nā maʻi maʻi Norovirus