ʻAe ʻikepili - nā mākua

He kuleana kou e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kāu mālama e makemake ai e loaʻa. Ma ke kānāwai, pono i kāu poʻe lawelawe mālama ola e wehewehe i kāu kūlana olakino a me nā koho lapaʻau iā ʻoe.

ʻO ka ʻae hoʻomaopopo ʻia:

• Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻoe. Ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻike e pili ana i kāu kūlana olakino a me nā koho lapaʻau.
• Hoʻomaopopo ʻoe i kāu ʻano olakino a me nā koho lapaʻau.
• Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i ka mālama olakino āu e makemake ai e loaʻa a hāʻawi i kou ʻae e loaʻa ia mea.

No ka loaʻa ʻana o kāu ʻae hoʻomaopopo, hiki i kāu mea lawelawe ke kamaʻilio pū me ʻoe e pili ana i ka lāʻau. A laila e heluhelu ʻoe i kahi wehewehe o ia mea a kau inoa i kahi palapala. Kākau ʻia kēia i ka ʻae hoʻomaopopo.

A i ʻole, e wehewehe paha kāu mea hāʻawi i kahi lapaʻau iā ʻoe a laila e nīnau inā ʻae ʻoe i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau. ʻAʻole pono nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau i ka ʻae palapala.

Nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau e koi ai iā ʻoe e hāʻawi i ka ʻae palapala i kākau ʻia e:

• ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻoki, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pau i ka haukapila.
• ʻO nā hoʻokolohua olakino holomua a paʻakikī hoʻi e like me ka endoscopy (e waiho ana i kahi pahu i lalo i kou puʻu e nānā i loko o kou ʻōpū) a i ʻole kahi biopsy nila o ke ake.
• ʻO ka radiation a chemotherapy e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• ʻO ka mālama olakino kiʻekiʻe loa, e like me ka opioid therapy.
• ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau āpau.
• ʻO kekahi mau ho'āʻo koko, e like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka maʻi HIV. Ua hoʻopau ka hapa nui o nā mokuʻāina i kēia koi i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā helu o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka maʻi HIV.

Ke noi nei no kāu ʻae ʻike, kāu kauka a mea lawelawe ʻē aʻe paha e wehewehe:

• ʻO kou pilikia olakino a me ke kumu o ka lāʻau
• He aha ka hana i ka wā o ka lapaʻau
• Nā pilikia o ka mālama ʻana a pehea e hiki ai
• Pehea paha e holo ai ka lāʻau
• Inā pono ka lāʻau i kēia manawa a inā hiki ke kali
• Nā koho ʻē aʻe no ka mālama ʻana i kāu pilikia olakino
• Nā pilikia a i ʻole nā ​​hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki ke hopena ma hope

Pono ʻoe e lawa i ka ʻike e hoʻoholo ai e pili ana i kāu lāʻau. Pono e hoʻomaopopo kāu mea hāʻawi e maopopo iā ʻoe i ka ʻike. ʻO kahi ala e hana ai kahi mea hāʻawi i kēia ma ke noi ʻana iā ʻoe e hana hou i ka ʻike i kāu mau ʻōlelo ponoʻī.

Inā makemake ʻoe i nā kikoʻī e pili ana i kāu koho lapaʻau, e nīnau i kāu mea hoʻolako i kahi e nānā ai. Nui nā pūnaewele hilinaʻi a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe i hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe, me nā kōkua hoʻoholo i hōʻoia ʻia.

He lālā koʻikoʻi ʻoe i kāu kime mālama ola. E nīnau ʻoe i nā nīnau e pili ana i nā mea āu e maopopo ʻole ai. Inā makemake ʻoe i kāu mea hāʻawi e wehewehe i kahi mea i kahi ala ʻokoʻa, e noi iā lākou e hana pēlā. He mea kōkua paha ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kōkua hoʻoholo i hōʻoia ʻia.

He kuleana kou e hōʻole i ka mālama inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i kou ʻano olakino, kāu koho lapaʻau ʻana, a me nā pilikia a me nā pōmaikaʻi o kēlā me kēia koho. E haʻi paha kāu kauka a mea lawelawe olakino ʻē aʻe iā ʻoe ʻaʻole lākou e manaʻo ʻo kēia ke koho maikaʻi loa nāu. Akā, mai hoʻāʻo kāu mau mea lawelawe e koi iā ʻoe e hana i kahi lapaʻau āu e makemake ʻole ai.

He mea nui e pili i ke kaʻina ʻae hoʻomaopopo. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻo ʻoe ka mea e loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā hāʻawi ʻoe i kou ʻae.

ʻAʻole pono ka ʻae ʻikepili i kahi pilikia inā pilikia ka lohi lawelawe ʻana.

ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi poʻe ke hoʻoholo hou, e like me kekahi me ka maʻi ʻo Alzheimer kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole kekahi i kahi koma. I nā kūlana ʻelua, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kanaka ke hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻike e hoʻoholo ai i ka mālama olakino a lākou e makemake ai. I kēia ʻano o nā kūlana, e hoʻāʻo ka mea hāʻawi e ʻae i ka ʻae no ka lapaʻau ʻana mai kahi pani, a i ʻole mea hoʻoholo.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole e noi kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu ʻae i kākau ʻia, pono e haʻi ʻia iā ʻoe i nā hoʻokolohua a me nā hana e hana ʻia a no ke aha. O kahi laʻana:

• Ma mua o kā lākou hoʻāʻo ʻana, pono i nā kāne ke ʻike i nā pōmaikaʻi, maikaʻi ʻole, a me nā kumu o ka hoʻowalewale kikoʻī prostate kikoʻī (PSA) e hōʻike nei no ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate.
• Pono nā wahine e ʻike i nā pōmaikaʻi, nā pono ʻole, a me nā kumu o ka hoʻāʻo Pap (kānana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical) a i ʻole kahi mammogram (kānana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma)
• ʻO kēlā me kēia mea e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei no kahi maʻi i hana ʻia ma hope o ka pili kolohe ʻana e haʻi ʻia e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo a no ke aha lākou e hoʻāʻo ai.

Emanuel EJ. ʻO Bioethics i ka hana o ka lāʻau. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 2.

ʻO ka pūnaewele ʻoihana ʻoihana olakino o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻAe ʻikepili. www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regutions-and-policy/guidance/informed-consent/index.html. Loaʻa iā Kēkēmapa 5, 2019.

• Nā Kuleana hoʻomanawanui