Puhi a me ke ʻoki kino

ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhipaka a me nā huahana nikotine ʻē aʻe, e like me nā e-cigareti, ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i ke ʻoki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kou ola hou ʻana a me ka hopena ma hope o ke kaha ʻana

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i haʻalele kūleʻa i ka puhipaka, ua hoʻāʻo a kūleʻa i nā manawa he nui. Mai hāʻawi pio. Hiki i ke aʻo ʻana mai kāu hoʻāʻo mua ke kōkua iā ʻoe e kūleʻa.

Hiki ke hoʻonui i kou makaʻu no nā pilikia olakino he nui ke tar, nikotine, a me nā kemika ʻē aʻe mai ka puhipaka ʻana. Hoʻopili kēia i nā pilikia o ka naʻau a me ke koko, e like me:

• ʻO ke kahe o ke koko a me nā aneurysms i ka lolo, kahi e hiki ai ke hōʻeha
• ʻO ka maʻi o ke aʻa coronary, me ka ʻeha o ka umauma (angina) a me nā hōʻeha puʻuwai
• Piʻi koko kiʻekiʻe
• Hāʻawi ke koko maikaʻi ʻole i nā wāwae
• Nā pilikia me ke kūkulu ʻana

Hoʻonui pū ka puhi ʻana i kou makaʻi no nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai, me ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka:

• Lungs
• Waha
• Larynx
• ʻEsopago
• ʻAdmiʻi
• Nā hakuʻala
• ʻO Pancreas
• Cervix

ʻO ke puhipaka pū kekahi i nā pilikia o ke akemāmā, e like me ka empysema a me ka bronchitis mau. Pākuʻi pū kekahi i ka hānō i ka paʻakikī e kaohi.

E kuapo kekahi mau mea puhipaka i ka paka puhipaka ma kahi o ka haʻalele loa ʻana i ka paka. Akā ke hāpai nei i ka paka puhipaka i mau pilikia olakino, e like me:

• Ke hoʻomohala nei i ka waha a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai nasal
• Nā pilikia gum, nā lole niho, a me nā lua
• ʻO ke kaumaha kiʻekiʻe o ke koko a me ka ʻeha o ka umauma

Loaʻa i nā poʻe puhipaka ka ʻoki poepoe i kahi manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka poʻe puhipaka ʻole o ke koko i loko o ko lākou mau wāwae. Hele paha kēia clots a hōʻino i nā māmā.

Hoʻoemi ka puhi ʻana i ka nui o ka oxygen e hiki i nā hunaola i kou ʻeha ʻoki. A ʻo kahi hopena, e hoʻōla mālie paha kou ʻeha a ʻoi aku ka maʻi ʻana.

Lawe nā mea puhipaka i ka hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no ka puʻuwai a me nā pilikia lolo. ʻOiai ke holo mālie o kou ʻoki kino ʻana, ʻo ka puhi ʻana ke kumu o ka hana o kou kino, puʻuwai, a me nā ake māmā ma mua o ka inā ʻaʻole ʻoe puhipaka.

E haʻi ka hapanui o nā kauka iā ʻoe e haʻalele i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pika a me ka paka ma ka liʻiliʻi he 4 mau pule ma mua o kou ʻoki ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ka manawa ma waena o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhipaka a me kāu ʻoki ʻana ma kahi o 10 mau pule e hiki ai ke hōʻemi i kāu pilikia no nā pilikia hou aku. E like me nā mea hōʻalo, paʻakikī ka haʻalele ʻana i ka paka. Nui nā ala e haʻalele ai i ka puhipaka a me nā kumuwaiwai he nui e kōkua iā ʻoe, e like me:

• Kākoʻo a ʻoluʻolu paha nā ʻohana, nā hoaaloha, a me nā mea hana.
• E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau, e like me ka nicotine replacement a me nā lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia.
• Inā ʻoe e hui pū me nā polokalamu hoʻomaha puhipaka, loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi manawa ʻoi loa o ka kūleʻa. Hāʻawi ʻia kēlā ʻano papahana e nā haukapila, nā keʻena olakino, nā kikowaena kaiāulu, a me nā wahi hana.

ʻAʻole paipai ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kāpili nikotine a puni ka manawa o ke ʻoki. E hoʻopilikia ka nikotine i ka hoʻōla ʻana i kou ʻeha ʻoki kino a loaʻa ka hopena like i kou olakino olakino e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka a me ka paka.

ʻOki kino - haʻalele i ka puhipaka; ʻOki kino - haʻalele ana i ka paka; Hoʻōla hōʻeha - puhipaka

Kulaylat MN, Dayton MT. Nā pilikia ʻoki kino. I: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ʻO Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: Ke kumu kumu olaola o ka hana ʻoki ʻana o kēia ao. 20 ouk. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 12.

Yousefzadeh A, Chung F, Wong DT, Warner DO, Wong J. Hoʻomaha puhipaka: ke kuleana o ka anesthesiologist. ʻO Anesth Analg. 2016; 122 (5): 1311-1320. PMID: 27101492 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27101492/.

• Ka haʻalele ʻana i ka paka
• ʻOki kino