Nā pae kolesterol kiʻekiʻe

ʻO Cholesterol kahi momona (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he lipid) e pono ai i kou kino e hana pono. Hiki i ka nui o ke kolesterol maikaʻi ke hoʻonui i kou manawa e loaʻa ai ka maʻi puʻuwai, hahau, a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka huaʻōlelo olakino no ke koko kiʻekiʻe he lipid maʻi, hyperlipidemia, a i ʻole hypercholesterolemia.

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano kolesterol. ʻO nā mea e kamaʻilio nui ʻia nei:

• Huina kolesterol - ua hui pū ʻia nā cholesterols āpau
• ʻO ka lipoprotein kiʻekiʻe (HDL) kolesterol - i kapa pinepine ʻia he "maikaʻi" kolesterol
• ʻO ke koleke lipoprotein haʻahaʻa (LDL) haʻahaʻa - i kapa pinepine ʻia he "ʻino" kolesterol

No nā kānaka he nui, hapa hapa nā pae kolesterol ma muli o kahi ʻano maikaʻi ʻole. Hoʻopili pinepine kēia i ka ʻai ʻana i ka papaʻai i kiʻekiʻe i ka momona. ʻO nā kumu nohona ʻē aʻe:

• Kaumaha nui ʻana
• Ka nele o ka hoʻoikaika kino

Hiki i kekahi ʻano olakino ke alakaʻi i ka kolesterol kūpono, me:

• Diabetes
• ʻO ka maʻi kīwī
• ʻO Polycystic ovary syndrome
• ʻO ka hāpai a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i nā pae o ka wahine wahine
• Pahu thyroid paʻa ʻole

ʻO nā lāʻau e like me kekahi mau lāʻau kaohi hānau, diuretics (paila wai), beta-blockers, a me kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i ke kaumaha e hāpai aʻe paha i nā kiʻekiʻe kolesterol. ʻO kekahi mau maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia i waena o nā ʻohana e alakaʻi i ka pae kolesterol a me nā pae triglyceride. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• ʻO ka hyperlipidemia hui pū ʻia
• ʻO ka dysbetalipoproteinemia ʻohana
• ʻO hypercholesterolemia ʻohana
• ʻO ka hypertriglyceridemia ʻohana

ʻAʻole kū ka puhi i nā kiʻekiʻe kolesterol kiʻekiʻe, akā hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i kāu HDL (maikaʻi) cholesterol.

Hana ʻia kahi hōʻike kolesterol e hōʻoia i kahi maʻi lipid. Paipai nā loea ʻokoʻa i nā makahiki hoʻomaka i ka poʻe mākua.

• Hōʻike ʻia nā makahiki hoʻomaka i waena o 20 a 35 no nā kāne a 20 a 45 no nā wahine.
• ʻAʻole pono nā mākua me nā pae kolesterol maʻamau e hana hou i ka hoʻokolohua no 5 mau makahiki.
• E hana hou i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana inā loaʻa nā loli i ke ʻano nohona (me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaupaona a me ka papaʻai).
• ʻO nā mākua me ka mōʻaukala o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kōkōhō, ka maʻi kō, nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai, nā maʻi puʻuwai, a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e koi i nā hoʻāʻo pinepine ʻana.

He mea nui e hana pū me kāu mea mālama ola e hoʻonohonoho i kāu mau pahuhopu kolesterol. Hoʻokele nā ​​alakaʻi hou i nā kauka mai ka māka ʻana i nā pae kikoʻī o ka cholesterol. Akā, paipai lākou i nā lāʻau like ʻole a me nā kau ma muli o ka mōʻaukala o ke kanaka a me ka ʻikepili pilikino. Hoʻololi kēia mau kulekele i kēlā me kēia manawa ke loaʻa nā ʻike hou aʻe mai nā noiʻi noiʻi.

ʻO nā pahuhopu nui:

• LDL: 70 a 130 mg / dL (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā helu haʻahaʻa)
• HDL: Ma mua o 50 mg / dL (ʻoi aku ka nui o nā helu kiʻekiʻe)
• Huina kolamu: Ma lalo o 200 mg / dL (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā helu haʻahaʻa)
• Triglycerides: 10 a 150 mg / dL (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā helu haʻahaʻa)

Inā kūleʻa kāu mau hopena cholesterol, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e like me:

• Hōʻoia ke kō kō (glucose) e nānā no ka maʻi kō
• Nā hoʻāʻo hana hakuʻala
• Hōʻike ka hana thyroid i mea e nānā ai i kahi gland thyroid

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kāu pae kolesterol a e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi puʻuwai a me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai pū.

• E haʻalele i ka puhi pua ʻana. ʻO kēia kahi hoʻololi nui loa i hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hōʻemi i kou makaʻi o ka puʻuwai a me ka hahau.
• ʻAi i nā meaʻai i haʻahaʻa maoli i ka momona. Hoʻopili kēia i nā hua piha, nā huaʻai, a me nā mea kanu.
• E hoʻohana i nā mea momona momona, nā mea ʻono, a me nā lole.
• Hōʻalo i nā meaʻai i kiʻekiʻe i ka momona momona.
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine.
• Lilo i ke kaupaona inā ʻoi nui ʻoe.

Makemake paha kāu mea hāʻawi iā ʻoe e lawe i ka lāʻau no kāu koleka ke holo ʻole ka loli o ke ʻano. E hilinaʻi kēia ma:

• Kou makahiki
• Inā loaʻa ʻole iā ʻoe ka maʻi puʻuwai, diabetes, a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia kahe o ke koko
• E puhi paha ʻoe a ʻoi paha ka momona
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke koko kiʻekiʻe a diabetes paha

Pono paha ʻoe i ka lāʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kāu kolesterol.

• Inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole diabetes
• Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka maʻi puʻuwai (ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe ou pilikia puʻuwai)
• Inā he 190 mg / dL a ʻoi paha kāu kiʻekiʻe LDL

ʻAneʻane hiki i nā mea ʻē aʻe āpau ke loaʻa nā pono olakino mai ka LDL cholesterol i lalo o 160 a 190 mg / dL.

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano lāʻau e kōkua e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō kolesterol. Hana nā lāʻau i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO Statins kekahi ʻano lāʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol a ua hōʻoia ʻia e hōʻemi i ka manawa o ka maʻi puʻuwai. Loaʻa nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe inā kiʻekiʻe kou makaʻu a ʻaʻole hoʻohaʻahaʻa nā statins i kāu mau pae kolesterol. Hoʻopili kēia i nā mea ezetimibe a me PCSK9.

Hiki i nā pae kolesterol kiʻekiʻe ke alakaʻi i ka paʻakikī o nā aʻa, i kapa ʻia ʻo atherosclerosis. Kū kēia i ka wā e kūkulu ai ka momona, ka kolesterol, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā paia o nā aʻa a hana i nā hale paʻakikī i kapa ʻia he places.

I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki i kēia mau pālahalaha ke ālai i nā aʻa a kumu i nā maʻi puʻuwai, ka hahau ʻana, a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia i loko o ke kino.

ʻO nā maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia i waena o nā ʻohana e alakaʻi pinepine i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol e ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī e kaohi.

Cholesterol - kiʻekiʻe; Nā maʻi lipid; Hyperlipoproteinemia; Hyperlipidemia; Dyslipidemia; Hypercholesterolemia

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• Nā mea hana Cholesterol
• Maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai Coronary
• Kolesterol
• Ke kaʻina hoʻomohala o atherosclerosis

ʻO Genest J, Libby P. Nā maʻi lipoprotein a me nā maʻi maʻi ʻōpū. I: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai ʻo Braunwald: kahi puke o ka lāʻau Cardiovascular. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 48.

Grundy SM, Pōhaku NJ, Bailey AL, et al. ʻO 2018 AHA / ACC / AACVPR / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / ADA / AGS / APhA / ASPC / NLA / PCNA e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ke kōkōkō koko: kahi hōʻike o ka American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guide. . ʻO J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019; 73 (24); e285-e350. PMID: 30423393 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30423393/.

Robinson JG. Nā maʻi o ka lipid metabolism. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 195.

ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hope loa a ka US Preventive Services Force. Hoʻohana Statin no ka pale mua ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū i nā mākua: ka lāʻau pale. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication. Hoʻohou Nowemapa 13, 2016. Loaʻa iā Pepeluali 24, 2020.

ʻO ka Hana Hana Hana Hana Preventive US; Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al. ʻO ka loiloi no nā maʻi lipid i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio: ʻo US Preventive Services Task Force ʻōlelo ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. JAMA. 2016; 316 (6): 625-633. PMID: 27532917 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27532917/.