ʻOki kino-kaumaha a me nā keiki

ʻO ka nui o nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio he pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi. Ma kahi o 1 o 6 mau keiki ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i momona.

ʻO ke keiki i kaupaona a momona paha e ʻoi aku ka momona a i ʻole ka momona i ka wā makua.

ʻO nā keiki me ka momona ka loaʻa o nā pilikia olakino e ʻike wale ʻia i nā mākua wale nō. Ke hoʻomaka kēia mau pilikia i ka wā kamaliʻi, lilo lākou i mea hewa i ka wā makua. ʻO ke keiki i kaupaona a momona paha e loaʻa paha nā pilikia e like me:

• Manaʻo haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa
• Nā māka maikaʻi ʻole ma ke kula
• Kaumaha

Nui nā mākua i loaʻa i ka ʻoki kaupaona-kaumaha e hiki ke lilo i ka nui o ke kaupaona. Hiki i kēia pohō kaumaha ke loaʻa i nā pono olakino e like me:

• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ka maʻi kō
• Hoʻoiho i ka kolesterol a me ke koko
• ʻEmi ka nui o nā pilikia hiamoe

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā hana hōʻemi kaumaha me ka kūleʻa o nā ʻōpio. Ma hope o kekahi ʻoki kino-kaumaha, kāu keiki e:

• Loaʻa i kahi ʻōpū liʻiliʻi
• Manaʻo piha a māʻona paha me ka liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai
• ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻai e like me ka nui ma mua

ʻO ka hana maʻamau i hāʻawi ʻia i kēia manawa i ka poʻe ʻōpio ʻo ka gastrectomy lima kū i luna.

ʻO ka hoʻopili gastric hoʻoneʻe kekahi ʻano o ke ʻoki kaumaha-kaumaha. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻololi nui ʻia kēia kaʻina hana e ka lole gastrectomy.

Hiki ke hana i nā hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa kaumaha a pau ma o 5 a 6 mau ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻōpū. ʻIke ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he ʻoki laparoscopic.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki i loaʻa i ka ʻoki kaupaona-kaumaha ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pilikia olakino e pili ana i ke kaumaha o ke kino keu.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā ana o ka nui o ke kino (BMI) ma lalo e nā kauka he nui e hoʻoholo i ka mea hiki ke kōkua nui ʻia e ke ʻoki hōʻemi kaumaha. Akā ʻaʻole ʻae nā kauka āpau e pili ana i kēia. ʻO nā kulekele laulā:

ʻO kahi BMI o 35 a ʻoi paha a me ke kūlana olakino koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka momona, e like me:

• Diabetes (kiʻekiʻe ke kō kō)
• Pseudotumor cerebri (hoʻonui kaomi i loko o ka iwi poʻo)
• ʻAno nui a ʻeha nui paha i ka wā hiamoe (ʻo nā ʻōuli e like me ka hiamoe o ke ao a me ka hū nui ʻana, ka hā ʻana, a me ka hanu ʻana i ka hiamoe ʻana)
• ʻO ke kuni nui o ke akepaʻa ka hopena o ka momona

He BMI o 40 a ʻoi paha.

Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia i nā kumu ʻē aʻe ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana o ke kaupaona-kaumaha i kahi keiki a ʻōpio paha.

• ʻAʻole i hiki i ke keiki ke lilo i ka kaumaha i ka wā o ka papaʻai a me ka papahana hoʻoikaika kino no 6 mau mahina, ʻoiai e mālama ana ke kauka.
• Pono e hoʻopau i ka ʻōpio e ulu ana (ʻo ka pinepine ʻo 13-mau makahiki a ʻoi paha no nā kaikamahine a ʻo 15-mau makahiki a ʻoi paha no nā keiki kāne).
• Pono nā mākua a me nā ʻōpio e hoʻomaopopo a mākaukau e hāhai i nā loli nohona e pono ai ma hope o ke kaha ʻana.
• ʻAʻole hoʻohana ka ʻōpio i nā mea kū ʻole i ke kānāwai (ʻalekohola a lāʻau lāʻau paha) i nā mahina he 12 ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana.

ʻO nā keiki i loaʻa i kahi ʻoki kaupaona kaumaha e pono e mālama ʻia ma ke kikowaena ʻoki lāʻau bariatric. Ma laila, kahi hui o ka poʻe loea e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka mālama kūikawā e pono ai.

ʻO nā haʻawina i hana ʻia ma ke ʻoki bariatric i ka poʻe ʻōpio hōʻike i kēia mau hana e palekana no kēia hui makahiki e like me ka poʻe mākua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole like ka nui o ka noiʻi e hōʻike inā aia kekahi hopena lōʻihi i ka ulu ʻana no nā ʻōpio i loaʻa i ka ʻoki kaumaha.

Ke hoʻololi a hoʻomohala nei nā kino o nā ʻōpio. Pono lākou e akahele i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea momona i ka manawa o ka pohō kaumaha ma hope o ke kaha ʻana.

Hoʻololi ke ʻoki kino Gastric i ke ala e lawe ai i kekahi mau meaola. ʻO nā ʻōpio i loaʻa i kēia ʻano ʻoki kaupaona-kaumaha e pono e lawe i kekahi mau huaora a me nā minelala no ke koena o ko lākou ola. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole hana kahi gastrectomy lima i nā loli i ka hopena o ka momona. Eia nō naʻe, pono paha i nā ʻōpio ke lawe i nā wikamina a me nā minelala.

Hoʻololi ʻo Boyett D, Magnuson T, Schweitzer M. Metabolic ma hope o ke kahakaha bariatric. I: Cameron JL, Cameron AM, eds. ʻO ke kaʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau o kēia manawa. 12th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 802-806.

ʻO Gahagan S. Kaumaha a me ka momona. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 60.

Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Ka momona I: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, hua. Nā Pono Nui o Pediatrics. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2019: chap 29.

ʻO Mechanick JI, Youdim A, Jones DB, et al. Nā ʻōkuhi hoʻomaʻamaʻa lapaʻau no ke kōkua nutritional perioperative, metabolic, a me ke kākoʻo nonsurgical o ka mea hoʻomanawanui bariatric Hana Endocr. 2013; 19 (2): 337-372. PMID: 23529351 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23529351.

Pedroso FE, Angriman F, Endo A, Dasenbrock H, et al. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa kaumaha ma hope o ke kahakaha bariatric i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio: he loiloi ʻōnaehana a me nā meta-analysis. ʻO Surg Obes Relat Dis. 201; 14 (3): 413-422. PMID: 29248351 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29248351.