Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

ʻO ka hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) kahi ʻano a mānoanoa ka naʻau o ka puʻuwai. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o kekahi ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai ma mua o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i ka mānoanoa ke hana i mea paʻakikī no ka haʻalele ʻana o ke koko i ka puʻuwai, e koi ana i ka puʻuwai e hana ʻoi aku ka pīpī i ke koko. Hiki iā ia ke hana paʻakikī i ka puʻuwai e hoʻomaha a hoʻopiha i ke koko.

ʻO ka hypertrophic cardiomyopathy e hele pinepine ʻia i waena o nā ʻohana (hoʻoilina). Manaʻo ʻia he hopena ia mai nā hemahema o nā gen e kaohi i ka ulu ʻana o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai.

Loaʻa paha i ka poʻe ʻōpio ke ʻano ʻoi aku o ka nui o ka hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻia ke ʻano i nā poʻe o nā makahiki āpau.

ʻO kekahi poʻe me ke ʻano ʻaʻohe o lākou mau ʻōuli. ʻIke paha lākou he pilikia ko lākou i ka wā o ka loiloi olakino maʻamau.

I nā ʻōpio ʻōpio he nui, ʻo ka ʻōuli mua o ka hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ka hāʻule koke ʻana a hiki i ka make ʻana. Hiki ke kumu ʻia kēia e nā puʻuwai puʻuwai koʻikoʻi (arrhythmia). Ma muli o kahi paʻa e pale ai i ka kahe ʻana o ke koko mai ka puʻuwai a i ke koena o ke kino.

ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau ka:

• ʻEha ʻeha
• Puʻupuʻu
• Fainting, keu hoʻi i ka hoʻoikaika kino
• Ka luhi
• Lightheadedness, keu hoʻi me a ma hope o ka hana a hoʻoikaika kino paha
• ʻO ka manaʻo o ka puʻuwai e hoʻokē wikiwiki a i ʻole kaulike (palpitations)
• Ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu me ka hana a i ʻole ma hope o ka moe ʻana (a i ʻole ke hiamoe nei no kekahi manawa)

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a hoʻolohe i ka puʻuwai a me nā māmā me kahi stethoscope. Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• Kani ka naʻau maʻamau a ʻōhumu paha ka puʻuwai. E loli paha kēia mau kani me nā kūlana o ke kino.
• Piʻi koko kiʻekiʻe.

E nānā pū ʻia ka lāʻau i loko o kou mau lima a me kou ʻāʻī. Hoʻomaopopo paha ka mea hāʻawi i kahi puʻuwai puʻuwai maʻamau i ka umauma.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia i ka mānoanoa o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, nā pilikia me ke kahe o ke koko, a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻo puʻuwai leaky (regalitation mitral valve)

• ʻ .lelo Echocardiography
• ECG
• 24-hola Holter monitor (puʻuwai puʻuwai puʻuwai)
• ʻO ka catheterization Cardiac
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• MRI o ka puʻuwai
• CT scan o ka puʻuwai
• Echocardiogram Transesophageal (TEE)

Hana ʻia paha nā hoʻāʻo koko e kāpae i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā lālā ʻohana pili o ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me ka hypertrophic cardiomyopathy e nānā ʻia no kēia ʻano.

E hāhai mau i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ka hoʻoikaika kino inā loaʻa iā ʻoe he hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. ʻ belelo ʻia ʻoe e hōʻalo i ka hoʻoikaika kino. Eia kekahi, e ʻike i kāu mea nāna e hoʻolako no ka nānā mau ʻana.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli, pono paha ʻoe i nā lāʻau e like me beta-blockers a me nā blockers calcium channel e kōkua ai i ka ʻaʻa puʻuwai a hoʻomaha pono. Hoʻomaha kēia mau lāʻau i ka ʻeha o ka umauma a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka hanu ke hoʻohana.

Pono paha ka poʻe me nā arrhythmia i ka lapaʻau, e like me:

• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ai i ka ritme abnormal.
• ʻO nā mea lahilahi o ke koko e hōʻemi i ka makaʻu o ke kahe o ke koko (inā pili ka arrhythmia i ka atrial fibrillation).
• Kahi pacemaker paʻa mau e kaohi i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai.
• ʻO kahi defibrillator i kanu ʻia e ʻike ai i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai hoʻoweliweli ola a hoʻouna i kahi pulse uila e kāohi iā lākou. I kekahi manawa kau ʻia kahi defibrillator, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka arrhythmia i ka mea maʻi akā nui ka makaʻu no ka arrhythmia make (ʻo kahi laʻana, inā mānoanoa a nāwaliwali paha ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, a i ʻole he ʻohana ka mea maʻi i make koke).

Ke kahe nui ʻia ke kahe o ka naʻau mai loko, hiki i nā ʻōuli ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi. Hana ʻia kahi hana i kapa ʻia ʻo myectomy ʻoki. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ka poʻe ke hāʻawi i kahi kīkaha o ka waiʻona i loko o nā aʻa e hānai i ka ʻāpana mānoanoa o ka puʻuwai. ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia kaʻina hana e hōʻike pinepine i ka hoʻomaikaʻi.

Pono paha ʻoe i ke kaha ʻana e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pahu mitral o ka puʻuwai inā e hemo ana.

ʻO kekahi poʻe me ka hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ʻaʻole paha i loaʻa nā ʻōuli a loaʻa ke ola maʻamau. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke hele lohi a i ʻole wikiwiki paha. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ke ʻano ke hoʻomohala i ka cardiomyopathy ākea.

ʻO ka poʻe me ka cardiomyopathy hypertrophic ka mea i ʻoi aku ka makaʻu no ka make koke ma mua o ka poʻe me ke ʻano ʻole. Hiki i ka make koke i ka wā ʻōpio.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano o ka hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, i loaʻa nā wānana ʻokoʻa. E ʻoi aku paha ka maikaʻi o ka nānā i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka maʻi i ka poʻe ʻelemakule a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka mānoanoa o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai.

ʻO ka hypertrophic cardiomyopathy kahi kumu i ʻike nui ʻia no ka make koke ʻana i nā mea haʻuki. ʻAneʻane hapa o ka make ma muli o kēia kūlana i ka wā a ma hope paha o kekahi ʻano o ka hoʻoikaika kino.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
• Hoʻokumu ʻoe i ka ʻeha o ka umauma, palpitations, maʻule, a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona hou a wehewehe ʻole ʻia paha.

Cardiomyopathy - hypertrophic (HCM); IHSS; Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis; Asymmetric septal hypertrophy; ASH; HOCM; ʻO ka hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

• Puʻuwai - ʻāpana ma waena o ka waena
• Puʻuwai - ʻike mua
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Maron BJ, Maron MS, Olivotto I. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. I: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai ʻo Braunwald: He puke aʻo no ka lāʻau Cardiovascular. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 78.

McKenna WJ, Elliott PM. Nā maʻi o ka myocardium a me ka endocardium. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 54.