Mea Kākau: Janice Evans
Lā O Ka Hana: 23 Iulai 2021
HōʻAno Hou I Ka Lā: 1 Iulai 2024
Anonim
Tuberculosis - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology
Wikiō: Tuberculosis - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology

Anter

He aha ka loiloi o ka tuberculosis (TB)?

Nānā kēia hōʻike inā ʻike ʻia ua loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi puʻu, i ʻike ʻia he TB. TB he maʻi koʻohune koʻikoʻi e hoʻopili nui i nā māmā. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me ka lolo, ka iwi kuamoʻo, a me nā puʻupaʻa. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ka TB mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka ma o ka ʻū ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻū ʻana.

ʻAʻole maʻi ka poʻe āpau me ka TB. Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kahi ʻano hana ʻole o ka maʻi i kāhea ʻia latent TB. Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka TB latent, ʻaʻole ʻoe e maʻi a hiki ʻole ke hoʻolaha i ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

ʻAʻole ʻike ka poʻe he nui me ka TB latent i nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi. Akā no nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mea hoʻi i loaʻa a hoʻomōhala i nā ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali, hiki i ka TB latent ke lilo i maʻi maʻi ʻoi aku ka weliweli i kāhea ʻia TB hana. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka TB ʻeleu, maʻi paha ʻoe. Hoʻolahalaha paha ʻoe i ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau, hiki i ka TB hana ke kumu i ka maʻi nui a i ʻole ka make.

ʻElua ʻano o nā hoʻokolohua TB i hoʻohana ʻia no ka kānana ʻana: kahi hōʻike ʻili TB a me kahi hōʻike koko TB. Hiki i kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke hōʻike inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi TB. ʻAʻole lākou e hōʻike inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi latent a i ʻole maʻi maʻi TB. Pono nā ho'āʻo hou aʻe e hōʻoia a hōʻalo paha i kahi kuhi.


Nā inoa ʻē aʻe: Hōʻoia TB, hoʻāʻo ʻili TB, hoʻāʻo PPD, hōʻike IGRA

No ke aha ia e hoʻohana ai?

Hoʻohana ʻia ka loiloi TB e nānā ai i kahi maʻi TB i loko o kahi ʻili a i ʻole hāpana koko. Hiki i ke kānana ke hōʻike inā ua maʻi ʻia ʻoe me ka TB. ʻAʻole hōʻike ia inā latent a hana paha ka TB.

No ke aha wau e pono ai i kahi loiloi TB?

Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻāʻo i ka ʻili TB a i ʻole hoʻokolohua koko TB inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi TB ʻeleu a i ʻole inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau mea e hoʻoweliweli iā ʻoe no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka TB.

Nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi TB maʻi e pili pū me:

  • ʻUha ka lōʻihi o ʻekolu pule a ʻoi paha
  • ʻApu ʻana i ke koko
  • ʻEha ʻeha
  • Fiva
  • Ka luhi
  • Hoʻoulu ka pō
  • ʻO ka pohō kaumaha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia

Hoʻohui ʻia, koi kekahi mau kikowaena mālama keiki a me nā pono ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻokolohua TB no ka hana.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke makaʻu kiʻekiʻe no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka TB inā ʻoe:

  • He limahana mālama olakino nāna e mālama i nā maʻi i loaʻa a i ʻole makaʻu nui paha no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka TB
  • Noho a hana paha ma kahi me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi TB. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia i nā hale noho ʻole, nā hale kahu, a me nā hale paʻahao.
  • Ua hōʻike ʻia i kekahi i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai TB
  • Loaʻa iā HIV a i ʻole kahi maʻi ʻē aʻe e hoʻonāwaliwali i kou ʻōnaehana pale
  • E hoʻohana i nā lāʻau kū ʻole
  • Ua huakaʻi a noho paha i kahi i maʻa mau ka TB.Hoʻopili kēia i nā ʻāina ma ʻAsia, ʻApelika, ʻEulopa Hema, Latin America, a me ka Caribbean, a ma Russia.

He aha ka hana i ka wā o kahi kānana TB?

He hōʻike ma ka ʻili TB paha a i ʻole he hoʻāʻo koko TB. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ʻili TB, akā ʻo nā hoʻokolohua koko no ka TB e lilo i mea maʻamau. E paipai kāu kahu mālama ola i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokolohua TB maikaʻi loa nāu.


No kahi hoʻāʻo ʻili TB (i kapa ʻia he hōʻike PPD), pono ʻoe i ʻelua mau kipa ʻana i ke keʻena o kāu kauka olakino. I ka kipa mua, e hāʻawi kāu mea hāʻawi:

  • E holoi i kou lima i loko me kahi hopena antiseptic
  • E hoʻohana i kahi nila liʻiliʻi e hoʻopili i kahi liʻiliʻi o PPD ma lalo o ka papa mua o ka ʻili. ʻO ka PPD kahi protein i loaʻa mai i ka maʻi koʻohune tuberculosis. ʻAʻole ia he koʻohune ola, a ʻaʻole ia e maʻi.
  • E hoʻokumu ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi ma kou forearm. E hele paha i loko o kekahi mau hola.

E waiho pono i ka pūnaewele me ka wehe ʻole ʻia.

Ma hope o 48-72 mau hola, e hoʻi ʻoe i ke keʻena o kāu mea hāʻawi. Ma kēia kipa ʻana, e nānā kāu mea lawelawe i ka pūnaewele injection no kahi hopena e hōʻike ai i kahi maʻi TB. Hoʻopili kēia me ka pehu, ʻulaʻula, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui.

No kahi hōʻike TB i ke koko (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he hōʻike IGRA), he loea mālama ola e lawe i kahi laʻana koko mai kahi aa i loko o kou lima, e hoʻohana ana i kahi nila liʻiliʻi. Ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka nila, e hōʻiliʻili ʻia kahi koko liʻiliʻi i loko o kahi pahu hoʻāʻo a ipu paha. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻoni iki i ka wā e hele ai a kuʻi paha ka nila. Lōʻihi kēia ma mua o ʻelima mau minuke.


Pono wau e hana i kekahi mea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻāʻo?

ʻAʻole ʻoe i kahi hoʻomākaukau kūikawā no ka hoʻāʻo ʻili TB a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo koko TB.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia i ka hoʻāʻo?

ʻAʻohe liʻiliʻi loa i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻili TB a i ʻole ke hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko. No ka hoʻāʻo ʻili TB, ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi ʻūlū ke loaʻa ʻoe i ka ʻume.

No kahi hoʻāʻo koko, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka ʻeha a ʻeha paha ma kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka nila, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻōuli e hele koke aku nō.

He aha ke ʻano o nā hopena?

Inā hōʻike ka ʻili o kou ʻili TB a hōʻike paha ke koko i ka maʻi TB hiki, e kauoha paha kāu mea mālama mālama ola i nā hoʻokolohua hou aku e kōkua i ka hana ʻana i kahi kuhi. Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻāʻo hou inā maikaʻi ʻole kāu mau hopena, akā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka TB a me / a i ʻole kekahi mau mea pilikia no ka TB. ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e kuhikuhi ana i ka TB me nā kukuna x a me nā hoʻokolohua ma kahi hāpana sputum. ʻO Sputum kahi mānoanoa mānoanoa i coughed mai nā ake māmā. ʻOkoʻa ia ma mua o ka kuha a i ka lawai paha.

Inā mālama ʻole ʻia, hiki i ka TB ke make. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hihia o ka TB hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia inā ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu mea mālama ola. Pono e mālama ʻia ka TB hana a latent hoʻi, no ka mea, hiki i ka TB latent ke lilo i TB koʻikoʻi a lilo i mea weliweli.

Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i kāu hopena, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka olakino.

E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, nā pae kuhikuhi, a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā hopena.

Aia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e pono iaʻu e ʻike e pili ana i kahi kānana TB?

ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka TB ma mua o ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi bacteria. Ma hope o kekahi mau pule ma nā antibiotic, ʻaʻole ʻoe e lele hou aku, akā e loaʻa mau ana ka TB. I mea e hoʻōla ai i ka TB, pono ʻoe e ʻai i nā lāʻau antibiotic no ʻeono a ʻeiwa mau mahina. Aia ka lōʻihi o ka manawa i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa, makahiki, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe. He mea nui e lawe i nā lāʻau ʻalopika no ka mea ke haʻi aku kāu mea lawelawe iā ʻoe, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO ke kū ʻana i ke kakahiaka hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i ka maʻi.

Nā kūmole

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  10. Nā Hoʻokolohua Lab ma ka Pūnaewele [Pūnaewele]. Wakinekona D.C: ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no ka Chemical Clinical; c2001–2018. Tuberculosis [hōʻano hou ʻia 2018 Sep 14; i helu ʻia 2018 ʻOkakopa 12]; [ma kahi o 2 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://labtestsonline.org/conditions/tuberculosis
  11. Mayo Clinic [Pūnaewele]. Mayo Foundation no ka Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Lapaʻau a me ka noiʻi; c1998–2018. Tuberculosis: Palehua a me ka lapaʻau; 2018 Ian 4 [helu ʻia 2018 ʻOkakopa 12]; [ma kahi o 4 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351256
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  14. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Pūnaewele]. Bethesda (MD): Ke Keʻena ʻOihana Ola a me nā lawelawe kanaka; Nā Hōʻaike Koko [cited 2018 Oct 12]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
  15. UF Health: Ke Kulanui o Florida Health [Pūnaewele]. Gainesville (FL): Ke Kulanui o Florida; c2018. Hōʻike ʻili PPD: Nānā Hou [hōʻano hou ʻia 2018 ʻOkakopa 12; i helu ʻia 2018 Oct 12]; [ma kahi o 2 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://ufhealth.org/ppd-skin-test
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ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana i ka ʻike ma kēia pūnaewele i pani no ka mālama olakino ʻoihana a ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo paha. Kāhea aku i ka mea mālama ola inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i kou olakino.

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