Nā ho'āʻo 6 e loiloi i ka thyroid

Anter

• 1. Ka hana o nā homone thyroid
• 2. Ka hana o nā meaʻaeʻa
• 3. Ultrasound o ka thyroid
• 4. ʻO ka scintigraphy thyroid
• 5. ʻO ka biopsy thyroid
• 6. Ke nānā pono ʻana iā ʻoe iho
• Ke pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kāu hoʻokolohua thyroid

I mea e ʻike ai i nā maʻi e pili ana i ka thyroid, kauoha paha ke kauka i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e loiloi i ka nui o nā glands, ke kū ʻana o nā tumors a me ka hana thyroid. No laila, hiki i ke kauka ke koi aku i ke ana o nā hormoni e pili pono i ka hana o ka thyroid, e like me TSH, T4 a me T3 manuahi, a me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi e nānā ai i ke kūʻana o nā nodule, e like me ka ultrasound thyroid, no ka laʻana. .

Eia nō naʻe, e noi ʻia paha nā hōʻike kikoʻī hou aku, e like me ka scintigraphy, biopsy a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo antibody, i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka endocrinologist ke ʻimi nei i kekahi mau maʻi, e like me ka thyroiditis a i ʻole nā ​​tumo thyroid, no ka laʻana. E ʻike i nā hōʻailona e kuhikuhi ai i nā pilikia thyroid.

Hōʻike koko

ʻO nā hōʻike i noi ʻia e loiloi i ka thyroid:

1. Ka hana o nā homone thyroid

ʻO ke ana ʻana o nā hormones thyroid ma o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko e ʻae ai i ke kauka e loiloi i ka hana o ka gland, hiki ke nānā inā loaʻa nā loli a ke kanaka i ka hypo a hyperthyroidism paha.

ʻOiai ʻokoʻa nā helu kūmole e like me ka makahiki o ke kanaka, ke kū ʻana o ka hāpai ʻana a me ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, ʻo nā waiwai maʻamau i loko o:

Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i ka loli o ka hana thyroid, e loiloi ke kauka i ka pono e kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e kōkua e ʻike i ke kumu o kēia mau loli, e like me ka ultrasound a me ka ana antibody, no ka laʻana.

Hoʻomaopopo i nā hopena e hiki ke loaʻa ma ka hōʻike TSH

2. Ka hana o nā meaʻaeʻa

Hiki ke hana ʻia ke hoʻokolohua koko e ana i nā mea pale e kūʻē i ka thyroid, i hiki ke hana ʻia e ke kino i loko o kekahi mau maʻi autoimmune, e like me ka Hashimoto's thyroiditis a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi Graves, e laʻa me. ʻO nā mea nui:

• Anti-peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO): i kēia manawa i ka hapanui o nā hihia o ka thyroiditis o Hashimoto, kahi maʻi e hōʻino ai i ka cell a me ka lilo iki o ka hana thyroid;
• Anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-Tg): aia ia i nā manawa he nui o ka thyroiditis o Hashimoto, akā naʻe, ʻike ʻia ia i loko o ka poʻe me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka thyroid, no laila, ʻaʻole hōʻike mau ka ʻike ʻana e ulu ka maʻi.
• Anati-TSH receptor antibody (anti-TRAB): loaʻa paha i nā hihia o hyperthyroidism, i kumu nui ʻia e ka maʻi Graves. E ʻike he aha ia a pehea e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻo Graves.

Pono e noi ʻia e nā kauka nā thyroid autoantibodies i nā hihia kahi e hoʻololi ʻia ai nā homone thyroid, a inā paha e manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka maʻi thyroid, ma ke ʻano he ala e kōkua ai e wehewehe i ke kumu.

3. Ultrasound o ka thyroid

Hana ʻia ʻo Ultrasound o ka thyroid e loiloi i ka nui o ka gland a me ke kū ʻana o nā loli e like me nā cista, nā tumors, nā goiter a me nā nodule. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke haʻi inā he maʻi ʻaʻai ka maʻi, he mea maikaʻi loa ia e ʻike i kāna mau ʻano a alakaʻi i ka puncture o nā nodule a i ʻole nā ​​cist e kōkua i ke kuhi.

ʻO ka ultrasound thyroid

4. ʻO ka scintigraphy thyroid

ʻO ka thyroid scintigraphy kahi loiloi e hoʻohana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka iodine radioactive a me kahi kāmela kūikawā e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi o ka thyroid, a e ʻike i ka pae o ka hana o kahi nodule.

Hōʻike nui ʻia e nānā i nā nodule i manaʻo ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i nā manawa āpau paha e manaʻo ʻia ʻo hyperthyroidism e kahi nodule hunaʻi o ka hormone, i kapa ʻia he nodule wela a hyper hypering paha. E ʻike pehea e hana ʻia ai ka scintigraphy thyroid a pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hōʻike.

5. ʻO ka biopsy thyroid

Hana ʻia kahi biopsy a puncture paha e ʻike inā he maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha ka thyroid nodule a i ʻole cyst. I ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua, hoʻokomo ke kauka i kahi nila kuʻikuʻi i ka nodule a hemo i kahi liʻiliʻi o ke kiko a i ʻole ke kinowai e hana i kēia nodule, no laila e loiloi ʻia kēia mea i ka hale hana.

Hiki i ka biopsy thyroid ke hōʻeha a hōʻeha paha i ka pilikia no ka mea ʻaʻole i hana ʻia kēia hōʻike ma lalo o ka anesthesia a hiki i ke kauka ke neʻe i ka nila i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo e hiki ai ke lawe i nā laʻana mai nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka nodule a i ʻole ka makemake i kahi nui o ka wai. Wikiwiki a lohi ka loiloi ma kahi o 10 mau minuke a laila noho ke kanaka me kahi bandage ma kahi no kekahi mau hola.

6. Ke nānā pono ʻana iā ʻoe iho

Hiki ke nānā iā ʻoe iho i kahi ʻike o nā cist a i ʻole nodule i loko o ke gland, he mea nui ia e ʻike ai i nā loli i ka wā mua a pale i nā pilikia o ka maʻi a pono e hana ʻia, ʻo ka mea nui, e nā wahine ma mua o 35 a i ʻole me ka moʻolelo ʻohana o nā pilikia thyroid.

E hoʻokō i kēia, pono e hāhai i kēia mau kaʻina:

• E hoʻopaʻa i kahi aniani a ʻike i kahi o ka thyroid e noho ai, aia ma lalo pono o ka ʻāpala a Adam, i ʻike ʻia ʻo "gogó";
• E haliu iki i kou ʻāʻī e hōʻike maikaʻi i ka ʻāina;
• Inu i kahi wai wai;
• E nānā i ka neʻe o ka thyroid a ʻike inā aia kahi protrusion, asymmetry.

Inā kuhi ʻia kahi maʻi thyroid, he mea nui e ʻimi i ka mālama o ka endocrinologist a i ʻole ka mea hana maʻamau i hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻokolokolo me nā hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia a hōʻoia paha paha i kahi hoʻololi o ka thyroid.

Ke pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kāu hoʻokolohua thyroid

Hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua thyroid no ka poʻe ma kahi o 35 a ʻoi paha o ka makahiki inā aia kekahi mau ʻōuli a i ʻole ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā loli thyroid, nā wahine hāpai a makemake paha e hāpai a no nā poʻe i ʻike i nā loli i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ponoʻī ʻana a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hoʻohui ʻia, hōʻike pū ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka radiation no ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole ke poʻo maʻi ʻaʻai a i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana me nā lāʻau e like me lithium, amiodarone a i ʻole cytokines, e laʻa me ka thyroid function.