Superbacteria: he aha lākou, he aha lākou a pehea pehea ka lapaʻau

Anter

• Nā superbugs nui
• Nā hōʻailona nui
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• Pehea e hoʻohana pono ai i nā antibiotic

ʻO Superbacteria he bacteria e loaʻa i ke kūpaʻa i nā lāʻau ʻokoʻa like ʻole ma muli o ka hoʻohana hewa ʻana o kēia mau lāʻau, a ʻike ʻia hoʻi he bacteria bacteria kūpaʻa multidrug. Hiki i ka hoʻohana hewa ʻole a hoʻohana pinepine paha i nā antibiotic ke ʻoluʻolu i ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi a me nā ʻano o ke kūpaʻa a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o kēia mau bacteria i nā lāʻau ʻalopika, e paʻakikī ana i ka lāʻau

ʻOi aku ka pinepine o ka superbacteria i ka nohona haukapila, ʻoi aku i nā keʻena hana a me ka Unit Intensive Care Unit (ICU), ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻōnaehana pale maʻi. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻia o nā lāʻau antibiotic a me ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi o ka mea hoʻomanawanui, pili pū ke ʻano o superbugs i nā kaʻina hana i hana ʻia ma loko o ka haukapila a me nā ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima, e laʻa me.

Nā superbugs nui

ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā bacteria hoʻomaʻakeʻa multidrug i nā haukapila, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā ICU a me nā hale hana keaka. Hana ʻia kēia multiresistance ma muli o ka hoʻohana hewa ʻana o nā lāʻau antibiotic, a i ʻole keakea ʻana i ka lāʻau i koi ʻia e ke kauka a i ʻole ke hoʻohana ʻana ke hōʻike ʻole ʻia, e ala ana i nā superbugs, nā mea nui:

• Staphylococcus aureus, kūpaʻa ia i ka methicillin a kapa ʻia ʻo MRSA. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana Staphylococcus aureus a pehea e hana ai ke kuhi;
• Klebsiella pneumoniae, ʻike ʻia ʻo ʻO Klebsiella ka mea hana o ka carbapenemase, a i ʻole ke KPC, he mau koʻohune ia i hiki ke hana i kahi ʻenemika hiki ke pale i ka hana o kekahi mau antibiotic. E ʻike pehea e ʻike ai a mālama ai i ka maʻi o KPC;
• Acinetobacter baumannii, hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka wai, ka lepo a me ka nohona haukapila, me kekahi mau ʻano kūpaʻa i nā aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones a me beta-lactams;
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa, i manaʻo ʻia he microorganism oona hiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi i ka nui i nā ICU i nā mea maʻi me nā ʻōnaehana paleʻoniʻoni kūpikipiki;
• Enterococcus faecium, ka mea maʻa mau i nā maʻi urinary a me nā ʻōpū o ke kino i nā poʻe i loaʻa i ka haukapila;
• Palaka sp., e pili nui ana i nā maʻi maʻi urinary i nā ICU a i loaʻa i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau ʻino.
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae, ʻo ia ka maʻi bacteria no ke gonorrhea a ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻano me ke kūpaʻa multidrug, e hōʻike ana i ke kūpaʻa nui ʻana iā Azithromycin, a, no laila, ua ʻike ʻia ka maʻi i hana ʻia e kēia mau maʻi ʻo supergonorrhea.

Hoʻohui ʻia i kēia mau mea, aia kekahi mau koʻohune ʻē aʻe e hoʻomaka nei e hoʻomohala i nā ʻano kūʻē kūʻē i nā antibiotic i hoʻohana mau ʻia e mālama i kā lākou maʻi, e like me Salmonella sp., ʻO Shigella sp.,Haemophilus influenzae a Campylobacter spp. No laila, lilo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa i mea paʻakikī, ʻoiai paʻakikī e hakakā i kēia mau microorganism, a ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi.

Nā hōʻailona nui

ʻO ka hanana o ka superbug ʻaʻole kumu maʻamau nā ʻōuli, me nā ʻōuli wale nō o ka maʻi i ʻike ʻia, i loli e like me ke ʻano o nā bacteria i kuleana no ka maʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ke superbugs ke hana ʻole ʻia ka lāʻau i hōʻike ʻia e ke kauka, me ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōuli, no ka laʻana.

No laila, he mea nui e ninaninau ʻia kahi microbiological hou a me kahi antibiogram hou e hōʻoia inā ua loaʻa ke kūpaʻa a me, no laila, e hoʻokumu i kahi lāʻau hou. E ʻike pehea e hana ai i ka antivirus.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Hoʻololi ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i nā superbugs e like me ke ʻano o ke kūʻē ʻana a me nā bacteria, a i kekahi mau hihia ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hana ʻia ka lāʻau ma ka haukapila me nā injection o ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o nā lāʻau ʻalopika i loko o ke aa e hakakā i nā bacteria a pale i ke ʻano o nā maʻi hou.

I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka mea hoʻomanawanui a pono e kaupalena ʻia nā kipa ʻana, he mea nui e hoʻohana i nā lole, nā pale maka a me nā mīkina lima e pale ai i ka haumia mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. I kekahi mau hihia, pono paha ka hui ʻana o 2 mau antibiotic no ka superbug e kāohi ʻia a kāpae ʻia. ʻOiai paʻakikī ka mālama ʻana, hiki i ka hakakā piha ʻana i nā bacteria maha-kūʻē.

Pehea e hoʻohana pono ai i nā antibiotic

I mea e hoʻohana pono ai i nā antibiotic, e hōʻalo ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā superbugs, he mea nui e lawe i nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo wale nō ke kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka, e pili ana i ka mahele lāʻau a me ka manawa o nā kulekele hoʻohana, ʻoiai inā ua nalo nā ʻōuli ma mua o ka hopena o ka lapaʻau.

ʻO kēia mālama kekahi o nā mea nui loa no ka mea ke hoʻomaka ka emi ʻana o nā ʻōuli, kū ka poʻe i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau antibiotic a no laila loaʻa i ke koʻohune ke kūpaʻa hou aku i nā lāʻau, e makaʻu ana i kēlā me kēia.

ʻO kekahi mea mālama nui e kūʻai aku i nā lāʻau ʻaloʻamū me ke kuhikuhi a ke hoʻōla ʻia ʻoe, e lawe i ke koena o ka lāʻau i waiho ʻia i ka hale kūʻai lāʻau, ʻaʻole e kiola i nā pūʻolo i loko o ka ʻōpala, ka lua, a me nā poho kīhini e hōʻalo ai i nā wahi o ke kaiapuni. ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea e pale aku ai i ka bacteria a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī e hakakā. Eia pehea e pale ai i ka pale antibiotic.