Pehea ka lōʻihi ma hope o ka moekolohe aloha ʻole e hoʻokolokolo ʻia ai no ka maʻi HIV?

Anter

• Āhea ʻoe e hoʻāʻo ai no ka HIV ma hope o ka moekolohe ʻole?
• Nā hoʻāʻo wikiwiki lāʻau ʻino
• Nā hoʻāʻo hoʻohui
• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana ʻo Nucleic acid
• Nā pahu hōʻaʻa home
• Pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i nā lāʻau pale?
• Ke ʻano o ka moekolohe condomless a me ka makaʻu o ka maʻi HIV
• Ke hōʻemi nei i ka pilikia o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV
• ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

Hōʻike Overview

ʻO ke condoms kahi ala kūpono loa no ka pale ʻana i ka lawe ʻia o ka maʻi HIV i ka wā o ka wahine. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā poʻe iā lākou a mai hoʻohana mau paha iā lākou. E haki pū kekahi i nā condoms i ka wā o ka moekolohe.

Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka HIV ma o ka moekolohe me ka ʻole o ka condom, a ma muli paha o ka condom haki, e hoʻokohu me kahi kahu mālama ola i ka wā hiki loa.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka i loko, ua kūpono paha ʻoe e hoʻomaka i kahi lāʻau e hōʻemi i kou makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho i kahi manawa e hiki mai ana e hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka maʻi HIV a me nā maʻi ʻino ʻē aʻe (STI).

ʻAʻohe hōʻike HIV e hiki ke ʻike pono i ka maʻi o ke kino ma hope koke iho o ka hōʻike ʻana. Aia kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo ka "wā window" ma mua o ka hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo no ka HIV a loaʻa nā hopena pololei.

E heluhelu e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau pale, pehea koke ma hope o ka moekolohe condomless kūpono ke hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka maʻi HIV, nā ʻano nui o nā hoʻokolohua HIV, a me nā mea pilikia o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka moekolohe condomless.

Āhea ʻoe e hoʻāʻo ai no ka HIV ma hope o ka moekolohe ʻole?

Aia kekahi manawa window i waena o ka manawa e hōʻike mua ʻia ai ke kanaka i ka maʻi HIV a i ka manawa e hōʻike ʻia ai ia ma nā ʻano like ʻole o nā hoʻokolohua HIV.

I loko o kēia wā pukaaniani, hiki i kekahi kanaka ke hoʻāʻo i ka HIV-maikaʻi ʻole ʻoiai ua loaʻa iā lākou i ka maʻi HIV. Hiki ke hala ka puka aniani ma nā wahi āpau mai nā lā he ʻumi a i ʻekolu mau mahina, kaukaʻi ʻia i kou kino a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻāʻo āu e lawe nei.

Hiki i kekahi kanaka ke hoʻouna i ka maʻi HIV i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i kēia wā. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku paha ka nui o ka lawe ʻana no ka mea aia nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi ma ke kino o ke kanaka i ka wā o ka puka aniani.

Eia ka haki wikiwiki o nā ʻano like ʻole o nā hōʻike HIV a me ka wā window no kēlā me kēia.

Nā hoʻāʻo wikiwiki lāʻau ʻino

Kēia ʻano hoʻokolohua e ana i nā mea pale i ka maʻi HIV. Hiki i ke kino ke mālama i ʻekolu mau mahina e hana i kēia mau antibodies. E lawa ka nui o nā kānaka i nā antibodies e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi ma waena o ʻekolu a 12 mau pule ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV. Ma 12 mau hebedoma, a i ʻole ʻekolu mau mahina, ua lawa ka nui o nā antibodies 97 no ka hopena hōʻike pono.

Inā lawe kekahi i kēia hōʻike i ʻehā mau pule ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana, pololei paha kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻāʻo hou ma hope o ʻekolu mau mahina e ʻike pono.

Nā hoʻāʻo hoʻohui

Kuhi ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo ma ke ʻano he antibody / antigen test wikiwiki, a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻokāhā hanauna ʻehā. Hiki ke kauoha ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻokolohua e ka mea mālama ola. Pono e alakaʻi ʻia ma kahi hale hōʻikeʻike.

Ana kēia ʻano hoʻāʻo i nā pāʻina ʻelua a me nā pae o ka p24 antigen, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke hala ʻelua pule ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana.

Ma ka laulaha, ʻo ka hapanui o ka poʻe e hana i nā antigens a me nā mea ʻino no kēia mau hoʻāʻo e ʻike i ka maʻi HIV ma ʻelua a ʻeono pule ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana. Inā hōʻoia ʻoe i ka maikaʻi ʻole ma ʻelua mau pule ma hope o kou manaʻo ua hōʻike ʻia ʻoe, e hōʻike paha kāu kauka olakino i kahi hōʻike ʻē aʻe i hoʻokahi a i ʻelua pule, no ka mea he maikaʻi ʻole kēia hōʻike i ka wā mua loa o ka maʻi.

Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana ʻo Nucleic acid

Hiki i kahi hoʻokolohua waikawa nukelika (NAT) ke hoʻohālikelike i ka nui o ka maʻi i loko o kahi hōʻailona koko a hāʻawi i kahi hopena maikaʻi / maikaʻi ʻole a i ʻole ka helu helu viral.

ʻOi aku ka pipiʻi o kēia mau hoʻāʻo ʻana ma mua o nā ʻano hōʻike ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka HIV, no laila e kauoha wale ke kauka i hoʻokahi inā manaʻo lākou he nui ka manawa i hōʻike ʻia kekahi kanaka i ka maʻi HIV a i ʻole inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia nā hopena hōʻike loiloi.

Loaʻa nā mea viral i kēia manawa no kahi hopena maikaʻi hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau pule ma hope o ka hiki ʻana i ka maʻi HIV.

Nā pahu hōʻaʻa home

ʻO nā kime hoʻāʻo home e like me OraQuick he mau hoʻāʻo antibody hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau ma ka home e hoʻohana ana i kahi laʻana o ka waipū waha. Wahi a ka mea hana, ʻo ka manawa window no OraQuick ʻekolu mau mahina.

E hoʻomanaʻo, inā manaʻo ʻoe ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka maʻi HIV, he mea nui ia e ʻike i ka mea mālama ola i ka wā e hiki ai.

Nānā ʻole i ke ʻano o ka hoʻāʻo āu e lawe ai ma hope o ka hiki ʻana i ka maʻi HIV, pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo hou ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka manawa o ka puka aniani e maopopo. ʻO nā kānaka i ʻoi aku ka makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV e hōʻoia pinepine ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu mahina.

Pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i nā lāʻau pale?

Pehea ka wikiwiki o ke kanaka e ʻike i kahi kahu mālama ola ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka maʻi HIV hiki ke hoʻololi nui i kā lākou kūlana o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi.

Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka maʻi HIV, e kipa aku i kahi kauka i loko o 72 mau hola. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi ʻia i kahi lāʻau antiretroviral i kapa ʻia prophylaxis post-exp (PEP) hiki ke hōʻemi i kou makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV. Lawe pinepine ʻia ʻo PEP i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha manawa i kēlā me kēia lā no kekahi mau lā he 28.

ʻAʻohe a ʻaʻohe hopena o ka PEP inā lawe ʻia ma mua o ka hopena o ka maʻi HIV, e like me nā Centers for Disease Control and Prevent (CDC). ʻAʻole hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke ʻole hiki ke hoʻomaka i loko o ka puka aniani 72 hola.

Ke ʻano o ka moekolohe condomless a me ka makaʻu o ka maʻi HIV

I ka wā condomless moekolohe, HIV i loko o ke kino loli o kekahi kanaka e lawe i ka kino o kekahi kanaka ma o ka mucous membrane o ka peni, ʻāpala, a me ka anus. I nā hihia kakaikahi loa, hiki i ka HIV ke lawe ʻia ma o kahi ʻoki a ʻeha paha i ka waha i ka wā o ka moekolohe waha.

Ma waho o kekahi ʻano o ka moekolohe condomless, hiki ke lawe maʻalahi ʻia ka maʻi HIV i ka manawa o ka moekolohe. ʻO kēia no ka mea lahilahi ka pale o ka anus a maʻalahi i ka hōʻino, kahi e hāʻawi ai i nā helu komo no ka maʻi HIV. ʻO ka moekolohe anal receptive, i kapa pinepine ʻia i lalo, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV ma mua o ka sex anal anal, a i ʻole ka topping.

Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi HIV i ka wā o ka moekolohe me ka ʻole o ka condom, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia me ka waimaka e like me ka anus.

ʻO ka makaʻu o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV mai ka moekolohe me ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i ka condom a i ʻole ka waihona wai niho haʻahaʻa loa. He mea hiki paha i ka maʻi HIV ke lawe ʻia inā loaʻa i ka mea nāna e hāʻawi ka waha waha i nā ʻeha o ka waha a i ʻole nā ​​ʻokiʻoki e kahe ana ke koko, a i ʻole inā loaʻa i ka mea e loaʻa ana ka moekolohe waha i ka maʻi HIV.

Ma waho aʻe o ka maʻi HIV, anal, vaginal, a i ʻole ka moe waha me ka ʻole o ka condom a i ʻole ka dam niho hiki ke alakaʻi ʻia i ka lawe ʻana i nā STI ʻē aʻe.

Ke hōʻemi nei i ka pilikia o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV

ʻO ke ala kūpono e pale aku ai i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV ma waena o ka moekolohe ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka condom. E hoʻomākaukau i kahi pale pale ma mua o ka pili ʻana o ka moekolohe, no ka mea, hiki ke hoʻoiho i ka maʻi HIV ma o ka pre-ejaculate, ka wai aʻa, a mai ka anus.

Hiki i nā Lubricants ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pilikia o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV ma ke kōkua ʻana i ka pale ʻana i nā waimaka anal a me nā pūkoko paha. Kōkua pū nā lubricants kūpono i ka pale ʻana i nā condom. E hoʻohana wale ʻia nā lubricants me ka wai me nā condom, no ka mea, hiki i ka lube i hoʻokumu ʻia me ka aila ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka latex a i kekahi manawa e haki nā condom.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o kahi kahua paʻa kahua niho, kahi ʻeke liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka pepa latina e pale ai i ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana ma waena o ka waha a me ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka anus i ka wā o ka moekolohe ʻana, he mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi ia e hōʻemi ana i ka pilikia o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV.

No ka poʻe iʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV, he koho koho lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka lāʻau prophylaxis pre-exposed (PrEP) kahi lāʻau antiretroviral i kēlā me kēia lā.

Pono nā kānaka āpau e hoʻonui i ka maʻi HIV e hoʻomaka i kahi regimen PrEP, e like me kahi ʻōlelo hou mai ka US Preventive Services Task Force. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia me nā mea e moekolohe me nā mea ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi, a i ʻole ia e pili mau ana me kekahi kanaka nona ka kūlana HIV a maikaʻi ʻole paha.

ʻOiai hāʻawi ʻo PrEP i kahi pale kiʻekiʻe e kūʻē iā HIV, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana pū ʻana i nā condom. ʻAʻole pale ʻo PrEP i nā STI ma mua o ka maʻi HIV.

ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

E hoʻomanaʻo, inā manaʻo ʻoe ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka maʻi HIV ma ka moekolohe ʻana me ka ʻole o ka pale condom, e koho i kahi manawa e ʻōlelo ai i kahi kauka lawelawe i ka wā hiki. Paipai paha lākou i ka lāʻau PEP e hōʻemi i kou makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV. Hiki iā lākou ke kūkākūkā i kahi papa kuhikuhi maikaʻi no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka maʻi HIV, a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana no nā STI ʻē aʻe.