He aha nā Peyer Patch?

Anter

• Wehewehe
• Aia ma hea lākou i hea?
• He aha kā lākou hana?
• Pane i ka maʻi
• ʻAe hoʻomanawanui pale ʻole
• Nā kūlana e pili ana i nā pā o Peyer
• Nā maʻi bacteria
• Maʻi maʻi Viral
• ʻO ka maʻi a Crohn a me ka colitis ulcerative
• Nā maʻi Prion
• Ke laina lalo

Wehewehe

ʻO nā pā o Peyer nā pūʻulu o nā follicles lymphoid i ka membrane mucus e laina ana i kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā lymphoid follicle he mau lālā liʻiliʻi i kāu ʻōnaehana lymphatic e like me nā lymph node.

Hana ʻia kāu ʻōnaehana lymphatic me nā aʻa a me nā ʻola i loko o nā hunaola keokeo, e kōkua ai i kou kino e hakakā i ka maʻi. ʻO kou pākana, iwi iwi, a me nā lymph node nā ʻāpana āpau o kāu ʻōnaehana lymphatic.

He mea nui nā pā o Peyer i ka nānā pale ʻana i nā mea i loko o kāu ʻōnaehana digestive. ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka Immune e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana e ʻike ai a luku ʻia ai kāu ʻōnaehana pale maʻi.

Aia ma hea lākou i hea?

Aia nā pā o Peyer i loko o kāu ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, maʻamau i ka wahi ileum. ʻO ka ileum ka ʻāpana hope loa o kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana i ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai, komo pū ka ileum i ka wai a me nā meaʻai mai ka meaʻai.

Loaʻa ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ma waena o 30 a me 40 mau pākuʻi a Peyer, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe ʻōpio ma mua o ka poʻe ʻelemākule. manaʻoʻiʻo i ka helu o nā pā o Peyer i kāu ileum peaks i kou mau 20s.

ʻO ka nui, ke ʻano, a me ka hoʻokaʻawale holoʻokoʻa o nā pākuʻi a Peyer e ʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka.

He aha kā lākou hana?

Aia nā pā o Peyer i nā hana nui ʻelua e pili ana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale a pehea e pane ai i nā maʻi hiki ke loaʻa.

Pane i ka maʻi

Loaʻa nā pā o Peyer i nā ʻano pale āpau, e like me macrophages, nā hunaola dendritic, nā hunaola T, a me nā hunaola B. Aia kekahi mau pūnaewele ʻike loea, i kapa ʻia nā pūnaewele M, e pili ana i nā pā o Peyer. Hānai kēia mau hunaola M i nā antigens i nā macrophages a me nā hunaola dendritic o nā pā o kāu Peyer. ʻO kahi antigen kahi mea, e like me ka maʻi, e hoʻohua paha i kahi pane mai kāu ʻōnaehana pale.

Hōʻike nā macrophages a me nā hunaola dendritic i kēia mau antigens i kāu mau hunaola T a me nā hunaola B, kahi e hoʻoholo ai inā paha e koi ka antigen i kahi pane pale. Inā lākou e ʻike i ka antigen ma ke ʻano he pathogen pōʻino, nā hunaola T a me nā hunaola B i nā pā o kāu Peyer e hōʻailona i kāu ʻōnaehana pale pale e hoʻouka iā ia.

I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā bacteria a me nā mea hoʻomaʻi ke hack i kēia ʻano hana a hoʻohana iā ia e komo i ke koena o kou kino ma o kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.

ʻAe hoʻomanawanui pale ʻole

ʻO nā mea āpau āu e ʻai ai ke hele nei i kāu ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻoleʻike kou kino i nā meaʻai e like me nā mea haole ma muli o kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo tolerance pale waha. ʻO kēia e pili ana i ka pāpā ʻana o nā pane pale i kekahi mau antigen. ʻO nā pā o kāu Peyer he mea laʻana pinepine i loko o kāu ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, no laila he mea nui paha lākou i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā mea e koi ai i kahi pane pale.

ʻAʻohe mea e pili ana i ke kuleana kikoʻī o nā pā o Peyer i kēia kaʻina hana. Ua kākau ʻia kahi noiʻi pili e pili ana i nāʻiole. ʻO nāʻiole me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o ka ulu ʻana o Peyer patch ua ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana i nā protein i ke ʻano o nā mākua, akā ʻaʻole nā ​​pūhui ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia ka loiloi like e pili ana nā noiʻi ʻē aʻe i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā pākuʻi a Peyer me he mea lā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopili i ka pale pale pale waha.

Hoʻokani paha nā pā o Peyer i kekahi ʻano i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pale pale pale waha, akā ke ʻimi nei nā mea noiʻi i nā kikoʻī.

Nā kūlana e pili ana i nā pā o Peyer

Nā maʻi bacteria

Hiki i nā ʻano bacteria ke hoʻouka i kou kino e ke kuhi ʻana i nā pūnaewele M a me nā pā o Peyer. ʻO kahi laʻana, kahi 2010 i kaulana kēlā Listeria monocytogenes, ke kumu o listeria, hoʻopili me nā hunaola M a me nā pā o Peyer. ʻO ka L. monositolo koʻohune hiki:

• neʻe kūpono ma o nā pūnaewele M a neʻe wikiwiki i nā pā o kaʻiole a Peyer
• kope i loko o nā pā o Peyer
• neʻe wikiwiki mai nā pā o Peyer i nā mea kūloko ʻē aʻe

ʻO nā ʻano bacteria ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia e hana i kēia me enterohemorrhagic ʻO Escherichia coli, ʻo ia ke kumu E. coli maʻi, a ʻO Salmonella typhimurium, ka mea hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i ka meaʻai.

Maʻi maʻi Viral

Hiki i nā virus ke hoʻohana i nā pūnaewele M e komo i nā pā o Peyer a hoʻomaka i ka hana hou ʻana. ʻO kahi laʻana, ua nānā aku i ka poliovirus, ka mea e kumu ai ka polio, makemake e hoʻopili hou i loko o kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.

ʻO nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia e hana i kēia me HIV-1, ka mea i kumu i ka ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi HIV.

ʻO ka maʻi a Crohn a me ka colitis ulcerative

ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Crohn a me ka colitis ulcerative ʻelua mau ʻano maʻi maʻi ʻōpala. Hoʻopili pinepine ka maʻi o Crohn i ka mumū o kāu ileum, ʻoiai ʻo ka ulcerative colitis ka mea maʻamau i kāu kolone.

ʻO ka poʻe me a ʻae paha e loaʻa i nā leona ma a i ʻole a puni paha o kā lākou mau paina Peyer, e ʻōlelo nei he mea nui paha lākou i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia mau ʻano.

Nā maʻi Prion

ʻO nā Prions he pathogens i hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kinona a i ʻole ke ʻano o nā protein, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea i ka lolo. ʻO nā kūlana e pili ana i nā prion ʻike ʻia ʻo nā maʻi prion. ʻO kahi laʻana maʻamau ʻo Creutzfeldt-Jakob maʻi, ka mea i kumu ʻia e ka prion like ke kuleana no ka maʻi bipi wahine huhū i nā bipi.

I nā manawa he nui, ʻai ʻia nā prion me ka meaʻai, no laila komo lākou i kāu ʻōpū liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino, e like me kou lolo. Uaʻike kekahi i nā helu he nui o nā prion i nā pā o Peyer o kekahi mau ʻano holoholona. Eia hou, ʻo nāʻiole me nā pā liʻiliʻi o Peyer e like me nā maʻi prion.

Ke laina lalo

ʻO nā pā o Peyer he mau wahi liʻiliʻi ia i kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka hapa haʻahaʻa hoʻi. Me nā pūnaewele M, he mea nui lākou i ka ʻike ʻana i nā pathogens i loko o kāu wahi digestive. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui paha nā pā o Peyer i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano, e like me nā maʻi ʻōpū, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maopopo iki kēia kuleana.