Nā hoʻāʻo PDL1 (Immunotherapy)

Anter

• He aha ka hōʻike PDL1?
• No ke aha ia e hoʻohana ai?
• No ke aha e pono ai iaʻu kahi hōʻike PDL1?
• He aha ka hana i ka wā o kahi hoʻokolohua PDL1?
• Pono wau e hana i kekahi mea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻāʻo?
• Aia kekahi mau pilikia i ka hoʻāʻo?
• He aha ke ʻano o nā hopena?
• Aia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e pono iaʻu e ʻike e pili ana i kahi hōʻike PDL1?
• Nā kūmole

He aha ka hōʻike PDL1?

Ana kēia hōʻike i ka nui o PDL1 ma nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO PDL1 kahi protein e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hunaola pale mai ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā hunaola ʻole i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka maʻamau, hakakā ka ʻōnaehana pale ʻē i nā mea haole e like me nā mea ʻino a me nā koʻohune, ʻaʻole na kāu mau ʻōnaehana ponoʻī. ʻO kekahi o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai nui o PDL1. ʻAe kēia i nā hunaola maʻi ʻino e "hoʻopunipuni" i ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea, a pale i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana ma ke ʻano he haole, nā mea ʻino.

Inā loaʻa i kāu hunaola maʻi maʻi ka nui o PDL1, loaʻa iā ʻoe ke pōmaikaʻi ʻia mai kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo immunotherapy. ʻO ka Immunotherapy kahi lāʻau e hoʻonui i kou ʻōnaehana pale e kōkua iā ia e ʻike a hakakā i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Ua hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia ka Immunotherapy i ka mālama ʻana i kekahi ʻano o nā maʻi ʻaʻai. Mālama pū ʻia kekahi mau hopena ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ʻē aʻe.

Nā inoa ʻē aʻe: programmed death-ligand 1, PD-LI, PDL-1 e ka immunohistochemistry (IHC)

No ke aha ia e hoʻohana ai?

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo PDL1 e ʻike inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi maʻi ʻaʻai e hiki ke pōmaikaʻi ʻia mai ka maʻi immunotherapy.

No ke aha e pono ai iaʻu kahi hōʻike PDL1?

Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻāʻo PDL1 inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me kekahi o nā maʻi maʻi aʻe:

• Kanesa maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
• Melanoma
• Hodgkin lymphoma
• Kanesa maʻi ʻaʻai
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū
• Maʻi ʻaʻai umauma

Loaʻa nā pae kiʻekiʻe o PDL1 i kēia mau mea, a me kekahi ʻano ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke mālama maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻōpala i loaʻa nā kiʻekiʻe o PDL1 me ka pale maʻi pale.

He aha ka hana i ka wā o kahi hoʻokolohua PDL1?

Hana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā hoʻokolohua PDL1 i kahi hana i kapa ʻia he biopsy. ʻEkolu ʻano nui o ke kaʻina hana biopsy:

• ʻO ka biopsy e makemake ai ka nila. e hoʻohana ana i kahi kui kele loa e hemo i kahi laʻana o nā hunaola a i ʻole ka wai
• ʻO ka biopsy o ka nila nui, e hoʻohana ana i kahi nila nui e wehe i kahi laʻana
• ʻO kahi biopsy ʻoki lāʻau, ka mea e hoʻoneʻe i kahi laʻana i ke kaʻina hana o nā keiki ʻōpio

ʻO ka moʻo o ka nila maikaʻi a me nā biopsies o ka nila nui hoʻohui pū i kēia mau ʻanuʻu:

• E moe ʻoe ma kou ʻaoʻao a noho paha i ka papa hōʻike.
• E hoʻomaʻemaʻe kahi mea mālama ola i ka pūnaewele biopsy a hoʻopili iā ia me kahi anesthetic no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kahi ʻeha i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana.
• Ke pulu ka ʻāpana, e hoʻokomo ka mea hāʻawi i kahi nila kuʻina maikaʻi a i ʻole ka nila biopsy kumu i loko o ka pūnaewele biopsy a hemo i kahi laʻana o ka aʻa a me ka wai.
• ʻIke paha ʻoe i kahi kaomi iki ke huki ʻia ka hāpana.
• E kau ʻia ka pihi ma ka pūnaewele biopsy a hiki i ke kū ʻana o ke kahe.
• E hoʻopili kāu mea hāʻawi i kahi bandage sterile ma ka pūnaewele biopsy.

I loko o kahi biopsy ʻoki lāʻau, e hana kahi mea ʻokiʻoki i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi i kou ʻili e hoʻoneʻe i nā mea āpau a ʻāpana paha o kahi puʻupuʻu umauma. Hana ʻia kahi biopsy ʻoki lāʻau i kekahi manawa inā ʻaʻole hiki ke kiʻi ʻia ka puʻupuʻu me kahi biopsy nila. Hoʻokomo pinepine nā biopsies ʻoki i nā kaʻina hana penei.

• E moe ʻoe ma ka papaʻaina. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi IV (laina intravenous) i loko o kou lima a lima paha.
• Hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ka lāʻau, kapa ʻia he lāʻau hoʻonanea, e kōkua ai iā ʻoe e hoʻomaha.
• Hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ka anesthesia kūloko a i ʻole ia no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻeha i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana.
  • No ka anesthesia kūloko, e hoʻopili kahi mea mālama ola i ka pūnaewele biopsy me ka lāʻau e hoʻopau i ka wahi.
  • No ka anesthesia laulā, kahi mea loea i kapa ʻia he anesthesiologist e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau no laila e makaʻu ʻole ʻoe i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana.
• I ka manawa e nū ai ka wahi biopsy a i ʻole ʻoe e ʻike ʻole, e ʻokiʻoki ke kaukipoki i ka umauma a hemo i kahi ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​puʻupuʻu āpau. Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia kekahi kiko a puni ka puʻupuʻu.
• E ʻoki ʻia ka ʻoki o kou ʻili me nā humuhumu a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana hoʻopili.

Aia nā ʻano biopsies like ʻole. ʻO ke ʻano o ka biopsy āu e loaʻa ai ma ka wahi a me ka nui o kāu tumo.

Pono wau e hana i kekahi mea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻāʻo?

ʻAʻole ʻoe e pono i kahi hoʻomākaukau kūikawā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi anesthesia kūloko (numbing o ka pūnaewele biopsy). Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka anesthesia laulaha, pono paha ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai (ʻaʻole ʻai a inu) no kekahi mau hola ma mua o ke kaha ʻana. E hāʻawi aku kāu mea lapaʻau iā ʻoe i nā ʻōkuhi kikoʻī hou aʻe. Eia kekahi, inā e kiʻi ana ʻoe i kahi lāʻau hoʻohiamoe a anesthesia paha, e mālama pono i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i kou home. E huhū paha ʻoe a huikau paha ma hope o kou ala ʻana mai ke kaʻina hana.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia i ka hoʻāʻo?

Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi palapū a kōkō liʻiliʻi paha ma ka pūnaewele biopsy. I kekahi manawa loaʻa ka maʻi i ka pūnaewele. Inā kū kēlā, e mālama ʻia ʻoe me nā antibiotic. Hiki i kahi biopsy ʻoki ke hana i kekahi ʻeha hou a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole. Koi paha kāu kauka olakino i kauka a kauoha paha i ka lāʻau e kōkua iā ʻoe e hōʻoluʻolu.

He aha ke ʻano o nā hopena?

Inā hōʻike kāu mau hopena i kāu mau puʻupuʻu tumele i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o PDL1, hoʻomaka paha ʻoe ma ka immunotherapy. Inā ʻaʻole hōʻike kāu hopena i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o PDL1, ʻaʻole maikaʻi paha ka immunotherapy iā ʻoe. Akā e pōmaikaʻi paha ʻoe i kahi ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe. Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i kāu hopena, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka olakino.

E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, nā pae kuhikuhi, a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā hopena.

Aia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e pono iaʻu e ʻike e pili ana i kahi hōʻike PDL1?

ʻAʻole holo pono ka Immunotherapy no nā mea āpau, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā tumors me nā kiʻekiʻe o PDL1. Kūpilikiʻi nā pūnaewele maʻi ʻaʻai a ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike mua ʻole ʻia. Ke aʻo nei nā poʻe lawelawe olakino a me nā mea noiʻi e pili ana i ka immunotherapy a pehea e wānana ai ʻo wai ka mea e pōmaikaʻi ai i kēia hana.

Nā kūmole

1. Allina Health [Pūnaewele]. Minneapolis: Health Allina; c2018. Immunotherapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai; [i helu ʻia 2018 ʻAukake 14]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://wellness.allinahealth.org/library/content/60/903
2. ʻAhahui Kanaka ʻAmelika [Pūnaewele]. Atlanta: ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. c2018. Nā mea hoʻopukapuka hōʻoia Immune e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai; [hoʻohou ʻia 2017 Mei 1; i helu ʻia 2018 Aug 14]; [ma kahi o 4 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/immunotherapy/immune-checkpoint-inhibitors.html
3. ʻAhahui Kanaka ʻAmelika [Pūnaewele]. Atlanta: ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. c2018. He aha ka hopena o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ?; [hoʻohou 2016 Jun 6; i helu ʻia 2018 Aug 14]; [ma kahi o 4 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/targeted-therapy/what-is.html
4. ʻAhahui Kanaka ʻAmelika [Pūnaewele]. Atlanta: ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. c2018. He aha ka mea hou i ka noiʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi ʻaʻai ?; [hōʻano 2017 ʻOkakopa 31; i helu ʻia 2018 Aug 14]; [ma kahi o 4 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/immunotherapy/whats-new-in-immunotherapy-research.html
5. Cancer.Net [Pūnaewele]. Alexandria (VA): ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa o Oncology Lapaʻau; c2005-–2018. 9 mau mea e ʻike ai e pili ana i ka Immunotherapy a me ka maʻi ʻaumā paru; 2016 Nov 8 [helu ʻia 2018 ʻAuk 14]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.cancer.net/blog/2016-11/9-things- know-about-immunotherapy-and-lung-cancer
6. ʻO Dana-Farber Cancer Institute [Pūnaewele]. ʻO Bosetona: ʻo Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; c2018. He aha kahi hōʻike PDL-1 ?; 2017 Mei 22 [hōʻano hou 2017 Jun 23; i helu ʻia 2018 Aug 14]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://blog.dana-farber.org/insight/2017/05/what-is-a-pd-l1-test
7. Oncology Integrated [Pūnaewele]. Hui Laboratory o ʻAmelika, c2018. PDL1-1 e IHC, Opdivo; [i helu ʻia 2018 ʻAukake 14]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.integratedoncology.com/test-menu/pd-l1-by-ihc-opdivo%C2%AE/cec2cfcc-c365-4e90-8b79-3722568d5700
8. Nā Hoʻokolohua Lab ma ka Pūnaewele [Pūnaewele]. Wakinekona D.C .: ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no ka Chemical Clinical; c2001–2018. Nā hoʻāʻo genetic no ka Therapy Cancer Hoʻopaʻa ʻia; [hoʻohou ʻia 2018 Jun 18; i helu ʻia 2018 Aug 14]; [ma kahi o 2 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/genetic-tests-targeted-cancer-therapy
9. Kalinika Mayo: Laboratories Lapaʻau ʻo Mayo [Pūnaewele]. Mayo Foundation no ka Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Lapaʻau a me ka noiʻi; c1995–2018. Hōʻike Hōʻike: PDL1: Polokalamu Make-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) (SP263), Semi-Quantitative Immunohistochemistry, Manuahi: Clinical a Interpretive; [i helu ʻia 2018 ʻAukake 14]; [ma kahi o 4 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/71468
10. MD Anderson Kanaka Maʻi [Pūnaewele]. Ke Kulanui o Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; c2018. Hiki i kēia loaʻa ke hoʻonui i ka pono o ka paleolaola; 2016 Sep 7 [helu ʻia 2018 ʻAuk 14]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.mdanderson.org/publications/cancer-frontline/2016/09/discovery-may-increase-immunotherapy-effectiveness.html
11. Ka Papa ʻInikena Kanaka Makahiki [Pūnaewele]. Bethesda (MD): Ke Keʻena ʻOihana Ola a me nā lawelawe kanaka; Papa Kuhikuhi NCI o nā ʻōlelo maʻi ʻaʻai: immunotherapy; [i helu ʻia 2018 ʻAukake 14]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/immunotherap
12. Ka Papa ʻInikena Kanaka Makahiki [Pūnaewele]. Bethesda (MD): Ke Keʻena ʻOihana Ola a me nā lawelawe kanaka; Nā Tumora Kaha; [i helu ʻia 2018 ʻAukake 14]; [ma kahi o 4 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/diagnosis/tumor-markers-fact-sheet
13. ʻO ka Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center [Pūnaewele]. ʻO Baltimore: Ke Kulanui ʻo Johns Hopkins; Nā mea umauma: Hoʻolaha Immune Therapy no ka umauma maʻi ʻaʻai; [i helu ʻia 2018 ʻAukake 14]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/publications/breast_matters/files/sebindoc/a/p/ca4831b326e7b9ff7ac4b8f6e0cea8ba.pdf
14. UW Ola [Pūnaewele]. Madison (WI): Ke Kulanui o Wisconsin Nā Haukapila a me nā Mana Haukino; c2018. ʻIkepili Ola: Pūnaehana Immune; [hōʻano 2017 2017 9; i helu ʻia 2018 Aug 14]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/ConditionCenter/Immune%20System/center1024.html
15. UW Ola [Pūnaewele]. Madison (WI): Ke Kulanui o Wisconsin Nā Haukapila a me nā Mana Haukino; c2018. Nā Nūhou a me nā hanana: ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea e hakakā ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai; [hoʻohou 2017 Aug 7; i helu ʻia 2018 Aug 14]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.uwhealth.org/news/the-immune-system-goes-to-school-to-learn-how-to-fight-cancer/51234

ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana i ka ʻike ma kēia pūnaewele i pani no ka mālama olakino ʻoihana a ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo paha. Kāhea aku i ka mea mālama ola inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i kou olakino.