Nā STD waha: He aha nā hōʻailona?

Anter

• Chlamydia
• ʻO Gonorrhea
• Syphilis
• HSV-1
• HSV-2
• HPV
• HIV
• Pehea e hoʻāʻo ai
• Ke laina lalo

ʻAʻole hana ʻia nā maʻi a me nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka moekolohe (STI) ma o ka moekolohe a anal paha - ua lawa kēlā me kēia ʻili i ka ʻili me nā genital e hoʻoili i kahi STI i kāu hoa.

ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka moekolohe ʻana me ka waha, nā lehelehe, a i ʻole ke alelo e hiki ai ke kū i nā pilikia like me nā hana moekolohe ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke ala wale nō e hōʻemi ai i kou makaʻi no ka lawe ʻana e hoʻohana i kahi condom a i ʻole ke ʻano pale no kēlā me kēia hālāwai kolohe.

E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu ʻana e aʻo ai i nā STI hiki ke hoʻolaha ʻia ma o ka moekolohe waha, nā ʻōuli e nānā aku ai, a pehea e hoʻāʻo ai. Nyawang

Chlamydia

Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Chlamydia e ka bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis. ʻO ia ka STI koʻohune maʻamau i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma waena o nā makahiki āpau.

ʻO Chlamydia ma o ka moekolohe waha, akā ʻoi aku paha ka lawe ʻia ma o ka moekolohe a male paha. Hiki i ka Chlamydia ke hoʻopili i ka puʻu, nā genital, ka mimi, a me ka pololei.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka chlamydia e pili ana i ka ʻāʻī ʻaʻole kumu. Ke hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona, ​​hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili i kahi ʻāʻīʻeha. ʻAʻole kahi ola o Chlamydia i ke ola holoʻokoʻa, a hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia me nā antibiotic kūpono.

ʻO Gonorrhea

ʻO Gonorrhea kahi STI maʻamau i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Kuhi ka CDC aia ma kahi o ka gonorrhea i kēlā me kēia makahiki, me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka poʻe 15 a 24 mau makahiki.

Hiki ke hele ʻenehana nā gonorrhea a me chlamydia ma o ka moekolohe waha e like me ka CDC, akā ʻo nā pilikia kūpono. ʻO ka poʻe e komo i ka moekolohe waha e komo pū i ka moekolohe a anal paha, no laila ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu o ke ʻano.

Hiki i ka Gonorrhea ke hoʻololi i ka ʻāʻī, nā genital, ka maʻi mimi, a me ka pololei.

E like me chlamydia, ʻaʻole hōʻike pinepine ka gonorrhea o ka ʻāʻī i kekahi mau ʻōuli. Ke hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli, he maʻa mau ia ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana a hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i kahi ʻāʻī ʻeha.

Hiki ke hoola ʻia ʻo Gonorrhea me nā antibiotic kūpono. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā hōʻike o ka gonorrhea kūpaʻa lāʻau kūpaʻa i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

Paipai ka CDC i ka hoʻāʻo hou ʻana inā ʻaʻole hele aku kāu mau ʻōuli ma hope o kou hoʻopau ʻana i ka papa antibiotics piha.

He mea nui ia no nā hoa e hoʻokolohua a mālama ʻia no kekahi STI i hōʻike ʻia ai lākou.

Syphilis

ʻO Syphilis kahi STI i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi bacteria Treponema pallidum. ʻAʻole ia he mea maʻamau e like me nā STI ʻē aʻe.

Wahi a ka, aia he 115,045 i hōʻike ʻia i nā diagnose syphilis hou i ka makahiki 2018. Hiki i ka Syphilis ke hoʻopili i ka waha, nā lehelehe, nā genital, anus, a me nā kīʻaha. Inā mālama ʻole ʻia, hiki i ka syphilis ke pālahalaha aku e pili i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me nā kīʻaha koko a me nā ʻōnaehana.

Hana nā ʻōuli o ka syphilis i nā pae. ʻO ka pae mua (syphilis mua) ʻike ʻia e kahi ʻeha ʻeha ʻole (i kapa ʻia he chancre) ma nā genital, ke kiko, a i ʻole i ka waha. E nānā paha ka ʻeha a nalo wale iā ia iho me ka mālama ʻole ʻia.

I ka mahele ʻelua (syphilis lua), ʻike paha ʻoe i ka ʻeha o ka ʻili, pehu nā lymph node, a me ke kuni. ʻO ka pae latent o ke ʻano, hiki ke hala i mau makahiki, ʻaʻole hōʻike i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli.

ʻO ke kolu o ka pae o ke ʻano (syphilis nui) hiki ke hoʻopili i kou lolo, nā aʻalolo, nā maka, ka puʻuwai, nā kīʻaha koko, ke ake, nā iwi, a me nā ami.

Hiki iā ia ke pālahalaha i kahi ʻōpū i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana a hoʻokumu i ka hānau hānau a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe no ka pēpē.

Hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia ʻo Syphilis me nā antibiotic kūpono. Inā haʻalele ʻole ʻia, e hoʻomau ke ʻano i ke kino a hiki i nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi e like me ka hōʻino ʻana o nā lālā a me nā hopena neurological koʻikoʻi.

HSV-1

ʻO ka herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) kekahi o nā ʻano ʻelua o ka maʻi maʻamau STI.

Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻo HSV-1 ma o ka pilina waha a waha a waha paha i ka wahine, ke kumu o ka herpes waha a me ka herpes genital. Wahi a ka, HSV-1 pili i kahi koho 3.7 biliona mau kānaka ma lalo o 50 mau makahiki a puni ka honua.

Hiki i ka HSV-1 ke hoʻopili i nā lehelehe, waha, ʻāʻī, genitalia, pololei, a me anus. ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka herpes waha e pili ana i nā palapū a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha (i kapa ʻia hoʻi nā ʻeha anu) ma ka waha, nā lehelehe, a me ka ʻāʻī.

ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ke ola āpau e hiki ke pālahalaha ke loaʻa ʻole nā ​​ʻōuli. Hiki i ka lapaʻau ke hōʻemi a pale paha i nā maʻi herpes a hoʻopōkole i ko lākou pinepine.

HSV-2

Hoʻouna mua ʻia ʻo HSV-2 ma o ka moekolohe ʻana, e hoʻoulu ai i ka herpes genital a anal paha. Wahi a ka, HSV-2 loli i kahi 491 miliona mau kānaka i koho ʻia he 15 a 49 paha makahiki a puni ka honua.

Hiki i ka HSV-2 ke pāhola ma waena o ka moekolohe a me, me HSV-1 hiki ke hōʻeha i nā maʻi nui e like me ka herpes esophagitis i kekahi poʻe, akā kākaʻikahi kēia. ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka herpes esophagitis me:

• hamama ka ʻeha ma ka waha
• paʻakikī i ka ale ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻeha me ka ale ʻana
• haʻalulu
• fiva
• malaise (manaʻo maʻamau maikaʻi ʻole)

He kūlana ola kēia e hiki ke pālahalaha inā ʻaʻohe ou ʻōuli. Hiki i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ke hoʻopōkole a hōʻemi a pale aku paha i nā maʻi herpes.

HPV

ʻO HPV ka STI maʻamau i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Kuhi ka CDC e pili ana ke noho nei me HPV i kēia manawa.

Hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ma o ka moekolohe ma mua o ka moekolohe a male ʻole paha. Hoʻopili ka HPV i ka waha, ka ʻāʻī, nā genital, cervix, anus, a me ka rectum.

I kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻole e hōʻike ʻo HPV i nā ʻōuli.

Hiki i kekahi ʻano o ka HPV ke kumu i ka laryngeal a i ʻole papillomatosis hanu, e pili ana i ka waha a me ka puʻu. ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

• warts i ka ʻāʻī
• hoʻololi leo
• paʻakikī e ʻōlelo
• pokole o ka hanu

ʻO kekahi mau ʻano HPV ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka waha a me ka ʻāʻī ʻaʻole kumu i nā warts, akā hiki ke kumu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a poʻo a ʻāʻī paha.

ʻAʻohe o HPV lāʻau hoʻōla, akā ʻo ka hapanui o nā lawe HPV e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e ke kino nona iho me ka ʻole o nā pilikia. Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā warts o ka waha a me ka puʻu ma o ka ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe, akā hoʻi hou paha lākou me ka lāʻau.

I ka makahiki 2006, ua ʻae ka FDA i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau no nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio makua mai 11 a 26 mau makahiki e pale ai i ka lawe ʻana mai nā maʻi HPV ʻoi loa ka pilikia. ʻO kēia nā kānana e pili ana i nā maʻi ʻeha o ka cervix, anal, a me ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. Pale pū ia i nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau i kumu i nā warts genital.

I ka 2018, ka FDA i nā mākua a hiki i ka makahiki 45.

HIV

Kuhi ka CDC aia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ke noho nei me ka maʻi HIV ma 2018.

Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia ka maʻi HIV ma o ka moekolohe a me ka wahine. Wahi a ka, ʻo kou pilikia no ka hoʻolaha a loaʻa ʻana paha i ka maʻi HIV ma o ka moekolohe ʻana he haʻahaʻa loa ia.

ʻO ka maʻi HIV he maʻi ola āpau, a ʻaʻole ʻike ka hapanui i nā ʻōuli no nā makahiki. Loaʻa i ka poʻe e noho nei me ka maʻi HIV nā hōʻailona like flu.

ʻAʻohe mea ola no ka maʻi HIV. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka poʻe me HIV ke ola ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, ke ola olakino ma ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau antiviral a noho i ka lāʻau.

Pehea e hoʻāʻo ai

No nā kānana STI, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka makahiki (ma ka liʻiliʻi) no chlamydia a me gonorrhea no nā wahine hana moekolohe āpau ma mua o 25 mau makahiki a no nā kāne moekolohe āpau e moekolohe me nā kāne (MSM). Pono e nānā ʻia ʻo MSM no ka syphilis ma ka liʻiliʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

ʻO ka poʻe me nā hoa kolohe hou a mau paha, a me nā wahine hāpai, pono pū kekahi e hōʻike ʻia i ka makahiki STI. Paipai pū ka CDC i nā poʻe āpau i nā makahiki 13 a 64 mau makahiki e hoʻāʻo no ka maʻi HIV ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i ko lākou ola.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kipa i kāu kauka a i ʻole kahi keʻena olakino e nānā ʻia no ka maʻi HIV a me nā STI ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi nā hale lapaʻau he nui i nā koho hoʻāʻo manuahi a haʻahaʻa paha. He aha kāu e manaʻo ai mai kahi hoʻokolohua e ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēlā me kēia kūlana.

ʻO nā ʻano o nā hoʻāʻo e:

• Chlamydia a me gonorrhea. Hoʻopili kēia i kahi swab o kou genital area, ka puʻu, a i ʻole ke kiko, a i ʻole kahi mimi.
• HIV. Pono kahi hoʻokolohua HIV i kahi swab mai loko mai o kou waha a i ʻole ka hōʻoia koko.
• Herpes (me nā ʻōuli). Hoʻopili kēia hōʻike i kahi swab o ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia.
• Syphilis. Pono kēia i kahi hoʻokolohua koko a i ʻole kahi laʻana i lawe ʻia mai kahi ʻeha.
• HPV (warts o ka waha a ʻo ka puʻu). Hoʻopili kēia i kahi ʻike ʻike ma muli o nā ʻōuli a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻike pap.

Ke laina lalo

ʻOiai hoʻolaha pinepine ʻia nā STI ma o ka moekolohe, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou i ka wā o ka moekolohe waha.

ʻO ke kau ʻana i ka condom a i ʻole ke ʻano papahū ʻē aʻe - pololei a me kēlā me kēia manawa - ʻo ia wale nō ke ala e hōʻemi ai i kou makaʻi a pale i ka lawe.

Pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo pinepine inā ʻoe e moekolohe. ʻO ka ʻike koke i kou kūlana, ʻo ka mea ma mua hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau.