ʻOki lāʻau Bariatric: he aha ia, ʻo wai e hiki ke hana a me nā ʻano nui

Anter

• ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke hana i ke ʻoki kino
• Nā pono nui
• Nā ʻano o ke ʻoki bariatric
• 1. Paʻa Gastric
• 2. Pāʻālua ʻōpū
• 3. ʻO gastrectomy kiʻekiʻe
• 4. Biliopancreatic shunt
• Nā pilikia paha o ke kaha ʻana

ʻO ke kīʻaha Bariatric kahi ʻano o ke ʻoki kahi i hoʻololi ʻia ai ka ʻōnaehana digestive i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka nui o nā meaʻai i ʻae ʻia e ka ʻōpū a i ʻole e hoʻololi i ke kaʻina digestion kūlohelohe, i mea e hōʻemi loa ai i ka nui o nā calorie i lawe ʻia, e kōkua ana i ka nalo ʻana o ka paona. .

No ka mea he ʻano ʻoki ia, ma ka hapanui o nā hihia, hoʻōla loa, hōʻike pinepine ʻia ke kīʻaha bariatric ma ke ʻano he ʻano lapaʻau inā ua hoʻāʻo ke kanaka i nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe akā me ka ʻole o nā hopena i manaʻo ʻia, a i ka wā e kau ai ka kaumaha i ke ola ma hoʻoweliweli.

No laila, ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana o kēia ʻano, pono i kēlā me kēia mea e loiloi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koʻikoʻi me kahi hui multidisciplinary i komo ʻia e kahi kauka, kahi mea hānai, kahi psychologist, kahi mea maʻi naʻau a me nā mea lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke hana i ke ʻoki kino

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ke kahakaha Bariatric no ka poʻe me ka momona ma luna o ka papa II i hōʻike ʻole i nā hopena ma hope o kekahi mau mahina o ka mālama ʻana me ka papaʻai kūpono a me ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau.

Hōʻike wale ʻia kēia ʻoki kino no nā poʻe ma waena o 16 a 65 mau makahiki, a hōʻike wale ʻia e ka Ministry of Health o Brazil i nā hihia o:

• BMI like a i ʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 50 kg / m²;
• BMI like a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 40 kg / m², me ka ʻole o ke kaupaona ʻana me ka nānā ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau olakino a me ka meaʻai no 2 mau makahiki;
• Ua like a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka BMI ma mua o 35 kg / m² a me ke kū ʻana o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ka pilikia nui o ka maʻi puʻuwai, e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko, ka maʻi kō ʻole a me ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe.

I ka manawa like, hōʻike pū ke Kuhina o ke olakino i kekahi mau hihia kahi i hoʻonāwaliwali ʻia ai ke kahakaha bariatric a ʻo ia hoʻi: loaʻa i kahi maʻi psychiatric i kāohi ʻole ʻia, e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau a me nā mea inu ʻona; ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi puʻuwai koʻikoʻi a decompensated paha a i ʻole ka maʻi māmā; ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hypertension portal me nā varises esophageal; Loaʻa i nā maʻi hoʻoweliweli o ka luna digestive tract a i ʻole ka ʻeha ʻana ʻO Cushing no ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

E nānā i ke wikiō e hiki mai ana a e nānā i nā kūlana e hiki ai ke hoʻokau.

Nā pono nui

Ma waho aʻe o ka pohō kaumaha nui, lawe pū ke kīʻaha bariatric i nā pono e pili ana i nā maʻi e pili ana i ka momona, me ka hoʻomaikaʻi a me ka hoʻōla o nā maʻi e like me:

• Hypertension arterial;
• Ka lawa ʻole o ka cardiac;
• Hoʻoikaika hanu ʻole;
• Asthma;
• Diabetes;
• Kolesterol kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻohui pū ʻia kēia ʻano ʻoki kino me nā pono kaiāulu a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka makaʻu o ke kaumaha a hoʻonui i ka manaʻo pilikino, ka pilina a me ka neʻe ʻana o ke kino.

Nā ʻano o ke ʻoki bariatric

Pono e koho pū ʻia ke ʻano o ke kaha me ke kauka, e like me nā kūlana a me nā makemake o ke kanaka. Hiki ke hana i kēia mau hana me ka ʻoki maʻamau i loko o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole e videolaparoscopy, kahi e hana ʻia ai nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi i ka wā o ka hana.

1. Paʻa Gastric

ʻO kēia ka ʻano invasive liʻiliʻi loa o ke kaha bariatric a me ka waiho ʻana i kahi pā, ma ke ʻano o ke apo, a puni ka ʻōpū, no laila e emi ana ka nui, e hāʻawi ana i ka lawe haʻahaʻa o ka meaʻai a me nā calorie.

ʻO ka maʻamau, hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ʻoki kino i nā wahi olakino olakino a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka manawa hoʻōla, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena ma mua o nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ke kau ʻana o ka band gastric.

2. Pāʻālua ʻōpū

ʻO Bypass kahi ʻōpala invasive kahi a ke kauka e lawe ai i kahi ʻāpana nui o ka ʻōpū a laila hoʻohui i ka hoʻomaka o ka ʻōpū i ka hapa i koe o ka ʻōpū, e hoʻemi ana i kahi i loaʻa no ka meaʻai a hoʻemi i ka nui o nā calorie i lawe ʻia.

He hopena maikaʻi loa kēia ʻano ʻoki ʻana, e ʻae ana iā ʻoe e lilo a 70% o ke kaupaona mua, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pilikia a me ka hoʻōla hou ʻana. Maopopo ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka gastric bypass.

3. ʻO gastrectomy kiʻekiʻe

ʻAʻole like me ka kāpae ʻōpū, i kēia ʻano ʻoki, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo "ʻoki kino o lole lima", mālama ka mea hana lāʻau lapaʻau i ka pilina kūlohelohe o ka ʻōpū i ka ʻōpū, e hoʻoneʻe i kahi hapa o ka ʻōpū i mea e liʻiliʻi ai ma mua o ka maʻamau, e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o nā calorie i lawe ʻia.

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā makaʻu o kēia ʻoki ma mua o ka kāpae, akā he ʻuʻuku hoʻi kāna mau hopena maikaʻi, e ʻae ana e lilo ma kahi o 40% o ke kaumaha mua, e like me ka band gastric. E ʻike pehea e hana ai kēia ʻano ʻoki.

4. Biliopancreatic shunt

I kēia ʻoki kino, hemo kahi hapa o ka ʻōpū a me ka hapa nui o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ka wahi nui kahi e loaʻa ai ka momona o ka momona. I kēia ala, ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia a lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana nui o ka meaʻai, e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o nā calorie i ka papaʻai.

Eia nō naʻe, a ʻoiai e hemo ʻia kahi ʻāpana nui o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, hoʻomau ʻia ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia o ka bile i ka ʻāpana mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi a laila hoʻohui ʻia i ka hapa hope loa o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, no laila ʻaʻohe mea keakea i ke kahe o ka bile, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e hala hou ka meaʻai i kēlā hapa mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.

Nā pilikia paha o ke kaha ʻana

Hoʻohui nui ʻia nā pilikia o ke ʻoki bariatric i ka helu a me ke koʻikoʻi o nā maʻi e pili ana i ka momona, nā pilikia nui:

• ʻO ka pulmonary embolism, ʻo ia ka clogging o kahi kīʻaha koko i ka akemāmā, e hōʻeha ana i ka ʻehaʻeha a me ka paʻakikī e hanu;
• Ke kahe ʻana o loko i ka pae hana;
• ʻO Fistulas, he mau ʻeke liʻiliʻi e hana ana ma nā kiko kūloko o ka ʻāina i hana ʻia;
• ʻO ka luaʻi, diarrhea a me nā noho koko.

Kū pinepine kēia mau pilikia i ka wā o ka haukapila noho, a hoʻoholo koke ʻia e ka hui olakino. Eia nō naʻe, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke koʻikoʻi o nā ʻōuli, pono paha e hana i kahi hana hou e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pilikia.

Eia hou, he mea maʻamau ia ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana o bariatric, loaʻa i nā mea maʻi nā pilikia pilikino e like me ka anemia, folic acid, calcium a me ka vitamina B12 hemahema, a ʻo ka malnutrite kekahi i loaʻa i nā hihia ʻoi loa.

I loaʻa ka wikiwiki wikiwiki a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā pilikia, ʻike i ka mea ʻai ma hope o ke kahakaha bariatric.