He aha ka mosaicism a me nā hopena nui

Anter

• Nā hiʻohiʻona nui
• Nā hopena o ka mosaicism

Hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa ʻo Mosaicism i kekahi ʻano hemahema kūlohelohe i ka wā o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka embryo i loko o ka kōpū o ka makuahine, kahi e hoʻomaka ai ke kanaka e loaʻa he 2 mau ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa, kahi i hana ʻia e ka hui o ka hua me ka sperm o nā mākua. , a me kekahi e ala aʻe ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o kahi pūnaewele i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana o ka embryo.

No laila, e hoʻomohala ke kanaka i kahi hui o nā hunaola, me ka pākēneka o nā hunaola maʻamau a me kahi pākēneka o nā hunaola me ka hoʻololi ʻana, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi aʻe.

Nā hiʻohiʻona nui

Hana ʻia ka Mosaicism i ka wā e loli ai kahi ʻōpena embryo, ka hapanui o ka nalo ʻana a i ʻole ka hana hou ʻana o kahi chromosome, kahi e hoʻomohala ai ke kanaka i kāna meaola me 2 mau ʻano o nā hunaola, a me 2 ʻano o nā mea kūpuna. Hiki i kēia hoʻololi ke lilo i 2 ʻano:

• Germinative a ʻo Gonadal paha: loli i ka sperm a i ʻole nā ​​hua, me nā loli i hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia i nā keiki. ʻO kekahi mau laʻana o nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā loli i nā hunaola germ ʻo Turner's Syndrome, osteogenesis maikaʻi ʻole a me Duchenne muscular dystrophy;
• Somatics: i loko o nā hunaola mai nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino e lawe ai i kēia hoʻololi, inā paha e hoʻomohala ke kanaka i nā hoʻololi kino i hoʻokumu ʻia e ia. No laila, pili ka hōʻike kino o ka mutation i ka a i ka nui o nā hunaola i loko o ke kino e pili ana. Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka mosaicism somatic mai nā mākua a i nā keiki, a ʻo kekahi mau laʻana o nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Down's syndrome a me neurofibromatosis.

ʻO ka mosaicism kāwili ʻia, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ke loaʻa i kēlā kanaka kēia ʻano mosaicism, germinative a somatic.

He ʻokoʻa ka Mosaicism mai ka chimerism i kēlā, i kēia kūlana, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā mea genetic o ka embryo e ka fusion o 2 embryos ʻokoʻa, a lilo i hoʻokahi. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia kūlana i ka chimerism.

Nā hopena o ka mosaicism

ʻOiai ʻaʻole nā ​​kumu o ka mosaicism e hana i nā ʻōuli a i ʻole nā ​​hopena no ke olakino o ke kanaka, hiki i kēia kūlana ke hana i nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā maʻi no ka mea lawe, a ʻo kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona:

• Predisposition i ka maʻi ʻaʻai;
• Hoʻololi i ka ulu ʻana;
• Predisposition i nā ʻōpū kūlohelohe;
• Nā loli i ka pigmentation kumu o ka ʻili;
• ʻO ka heterochromia Ocular, kahi e hiki ai i ke kanaka ke loaʻa hoʻokahi maka o kēlā me kēia kala;
• Down Syndrome;
• Turner maʻi palapū;
• Osteogenesis imperfecta;
• Duchenne muscular dystrophy;
• Nā syndrome ʻo McCune-Albright;
• Pallister-Killian maʻi maʻi;
• Proteus Syndrome.

Eia hou, ua ʻike ʻia ka mosaicism e hoʻonui i ka predisposition i nā maʻi neurological degenerative, e like me Alzheimer a i ʻole Parkinson's, no ka laʻana.